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Whenever you make an overly general statement about another person or about yourself,you are likely to be distorting the facts and conveying very little useful information.This is because most generalizations fail to differentiate between states and traits.A state is a temporary way of being while a trait tends to be a more stable and enduring characteristic or pattern of behavior.So,someone with a character trait of calmness and composure can,under certain circumstances,act agitated and angry because of being in a temporary state that is quite uncharacteristic of his regular style.Hence,"You are selfish"is vague generalization.Indeed,"You are selfish"implies that is quite uncharacteristic of his regular style.Hence,"You are selfish"is vague generalization.Indeed,"You are selfish"implies that the person almost always makes inconsiderate or self-centered choices that disregard the needs and wishes of others.But an occasional selfish act does not make someone selfish across the board because even a very generous person can occasionally be in a state during which he is anything but generous.
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解析：每当你做出关于别人或自己的过于概括的陈述，你可能在歪曲事实，并传达很少的有用信息。这是因为大部分概括没能区分状态和特征。状态是暂时的存在方式，而特征往往是更稳定、更持续的特点或行为模式。因此，具有沉着镇静的性格特征的人可能在某些情况下表现得焦虑和愤怒，因为他正处于一种暂时的状态．这种状态很不像他的惯常风格。凶此，“你是自私的”是模糊的概括。其实，“你是自私的”暗示此人几乎总是做出不体贴或者以自我为中心的选择，不顾别人的需求和愿望。但是偶尔的自私行为并不会使人在一切情况下都自私，因为即使是一个非常慷慨的人也会偶尔处于一种绝不慷慨的状态。
更多 “Whenever you make an overly general statement about another person or about yourself,you are likely to be distorting the facts and conveying very little useful information.This is because most generalizations fail to differentiate between states and traits.A state is a temporary way of being while a trait tends to be a more stable and enduring characteristic or pattern of behavior.So,someone with a character trait of calmness and composure can,under certain circumstances,act agitated and angry because of being in a temporary state that is quite uncharacteristic of his regular style.Hence,"You are selfish"is vague generalization.Indeed,"You are selfish"implies that is quite uncharacteristic of his regular style.Hence,"You are selfish"is vague generalization.Indeed,"You are selfish"implies that the person almost always makes inconsiderate or self-centered choices that disregard the needs and wishes of others.But an occasional selfish act does not make someone selfish across the board because even a very generous person can occasionally be in a state during which he is anything but generous.” 相关考题
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186. Do you sometimes argue about what seems to you to be simple fact? Do you argue whether it’s cold outdoors or whether the car in front of you is going faster than the speed limit? If you get into such arguments, try to think about the story about the six blind men and the elephant. The first blind man who felt the elephant’s trunk said it was like a snake. The second who felt the elephant’s side said it was like a wall, while the third said it was like a spear as he touched the animal’s tusk. The fourth, who had hold of the elephant’s tail insisted that it was like a rope. The fifth man said it looked like a tree as he put his arms around one of the elephant’s legs. The sixth, who was tall and got hold of the elephant’s ears, said it was like a huge fan. Each man’s idea of the animal came from his own experience. So if someone disagrees with you about a “simple fact”, it’s often because his experience in the matter is different from yours. To see how hard it is for even one person to make up his mind about a “simple fact”, try this simple experiment. Get three large bowls. Put ice water in one. Put hot water in the second. Put lukewarm water in the third. Now put your left hand in the ice water. Put your right hand in the hot water. After thirty seconds, put both hands in the lukewarm water. Your right hand will tell you the water is cold. You left hand will tell you it’s hot! [共5题](1) What makes people think about simple facts differently?(A) The fact that simple facts differ from one another.(B) The fact that people have different experience in the same simple fact.(C) The fact that people often disagree with on another.(D) The fact that it’s hard to make up one’s mind about simple facts.(2) Which of the following temperature is the closest to the meaning of the word “lukewarm” in the last paragraph?(A) Above 0℃. (B) Above 40℃. (C) Above 20℃. (D) Below 0℃.(3) The writer’s advice is ________.(A) we should never think about simple facts(B) we should never judge something with a one-sided view(C) we should not agree about simple facts(D) we must learn from the six blind men(4) After reading the last paragraph, we may think of ________.(A) Newton’s law(B) Crallilao’s theory of falling objects(C) Einstein’s theory of relativity(D) Marx’s On Capital(5) The main idea of this passage is ________.(A) people often judge something according to his own experience(B) people often agree about simple facts(C) it’s hard for a person to make up his mind about a simple fact(D) don’t care too much about simple facts
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What are you recommended to answer the question tell me about yourself, if you are seeking for your first job?A.Speak much about how that job appeals to you and caused you to apply for it.B.Speak much about how your enthusiasm about an area has driven you to want that job.C.Speak much about how a book you’ve read or a person you’ve known motivated you to get that job.D.Speak much about how your past experiences made you decide to compete for that job.
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Having acknowledged receipt of the interview letter，you must prepare for the interview. Firms usually take a good deal of trouble over interviews，and there may be three or more people present，which can be a little frightening. Very often the personnel officer will begin by some words of welcome and an invitation to you to tell them a little about yourself. This is really inviting you to repeat the information you have already supplied on the application form，and which they have already read，but it does have some point. It will put you at your ease，because at least you know all about your own level of achievement and can speak about it confidently. It helps them assess your ability to communicate and your serf-esteem. Some people have too high an opinion of themselves，some take an unduly pessimistic view of their achievements，while others have a nicely balanced assessment of their own abilities.
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You don’t like buying things online, do you?()A、 Yes、I don’t like it muchB、 No、I’m a little worried about securityC、 No、It’s very convenient
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SMALL TALK BEFORE A MEETING This is a situation you’ve probably experienced many times: you arrive for a meeting ten minutes early. There are several people already there. You say hello and then … What do you talk about What do you say In this situation, you need to be able to make small talk. Small talk is an informal conversation. We use the term “small talk” because it is not about exchanging information or making decisions or having a serious discussion. It’s a way to avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationships. Small talk might seem to be about nothing important, but it is important in itself. Being able to make small talk will allow you to make yourself part of a group. It will set the stage for more serious types of communication.1.Small talk is a kind of formal dialog.()2.The term “small talk” means there are only two persons in the dialog.()3.Small talk is a useful ice-breaker and can build stronger relationships.()4.Small talk is not at all important. ()5.Making small talk will allow you to be a member of a group.()
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Just as in face-to-face communication, there are some basic rules of behavior(行为) that should be followed on the Internet. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. ①Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “ Would I say that to the person’s face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. If someone in the chat room is rude to you, you needn’t to fire back. You should either ignore(不理睬) the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.②Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, be kind about it. If you do decide to tell someone about the mistake, point it out politely. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯).③询问别人诸如年龄、性别和家庭情况等隐私问题是不礼貌的。Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, or don’t ask such questions.76. In the chat room we must respect others’ ____________ and __________.
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The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms．"She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt．" More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters． Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance．
We try to obtain information about others in many ways． Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on．
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly
changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise． You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him． If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions． It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior． Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e． g． secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e． g． disclosures and truthful statement)．
This passage mainly concerns__________．A.the relationship between people
B.the perception of other people
C.secrets and deceptions of people
D.people's attitudes and characters
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The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms．"She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt．" More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters． Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance．
We try to obtain information about others in many ways． Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on．
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly
changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise． You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him． If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions． It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior． Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e． g． secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e． g． disclosures and truthful statement)．
?We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because__________．A.we don't accept the idea that we might never fully know another person
B.we often get information in a casual and inexact way
C.we pay more attention to other people's motivations and emotions
D.we often have face-to-face conversation with him
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The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms．"She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt．" More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters． Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance．
We try to obtain information about others in many ways． Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on．
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly
changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise． You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him． If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions． It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior． Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e． g． secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e． g． disclosures and truthful statement)．
According to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested in__________．A.what he wears
B.how tall he is
C.how happy he is
D.what color he dyes his hair
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The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms．"She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt．" More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters． Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance．
We try to obtain information about others in many ways． Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on．
Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly
changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise． You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him． If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions． It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior． Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e． g． secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e． g． disclosures and truthful statement)．
Some people are often surprised by what other people do． According to Berger, that is mainly because__________．A.some people are more emotional than others
B.some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another person
C.some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other people's attitudes
D.some people choose to keep to themselves
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Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these. Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words.The first seven seconds of meeting can help us read the other person.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these. Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words. We make up our minds about people through communications with eyes,faces and other body languages.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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共用题干
Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these. Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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共用题干
Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these. Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words.According to the author the most important is not to change from one situation to another.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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共用题干
Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these. Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words.Physical appearance is the most important quality which may help us to communicate with others。A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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共用题干
第三篇The Balance between Fluency and AccuracyTo be able to speak English with fluency and accuracy is a goal of many Chinese English learners.Fluency can be simply defined as"being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying";speaking accurately means"speaking without errors of grammar and vocabulary".However,the fact is that many students find that the faster they try to speak,the more mistakes they make.And,when they slow down,there may be fewer errors though it can sound unnatural. So,how to balance accuracy and fluency in spoken English?It can depend on the manner in which one has studied English in the past.People who tend to focus on accuracy may find that they worry too much about making mistakes.This can make them nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public.As a result,their spoken English might not improve.This means that,although they know English grammar and vocabulary well,they might not be able to hold a good conversation.On the other hand,there are those who really like to talk and are willing to try their language out even if they make mistakes.This willingness to take risks helps them speak more fluidly.But,if they make a lot of mistakes,it may make it difficult for them to have their ideas understood.The debate about which is more important一fluency or accuracy一in the English language has lasted for a long time.Still,one thing is clear:neither of them should be absent if one is to speak a language well.How can we be sure that we can develop both?The following tips could help.Find the problem.What kind of person are you一one who focuses on accuracy or one who focuses on frequency?The first step is to recognize your problem and go to work on it.Think about situations where you've used English and how you felt about making mistakes?Do you always try some new language even though it might not be correct?Or do you feel embarrassed by mistakes?Focus on one problem at a time.When you speak English,find the mistakes you make most often.One mistake Chinese often make is omitting the"S"from the third person singular verb.Or you may speak too slowly as if you were searching for the right word and correct grammar. The next time you use English,try to work on those problems you have identified.If it's fluency,try to focus on it.If you have a problem with the third person singular,try to concentrate on when you make such errors.Don't spend time thinking about other mistakes.By choosing an area to work on,you can isolate problems and help yourself overcome them.Vary your practice.If you go to an English corner or an English club,try to change the types of activities you take part in so that you practice both fluency and accuracy.Public speaking allows you to slow down and be sure you have time to concentrate on the language.Meanwhile,discussions are good practice for fluency,especially if you don't stop each time a mistake is made.Tell the difference between fluency and speed.Some Chinese think that speaking fast is the same as speaking fluently.In fact,speaking fluently involves not only speed.It also involves stress, pronunciation and intonation. If you make a mistake in these,speaking fast will only make it worse. Don't sacrifice understanding for speed.Record yourself. Take a tape recorder and record a conversation with a friend or a speech or talk to yourself as you do it naturally!A two-or-three-minute recording is enough.When you've finished,listen to yourself. Can you find out any error and correct it?Make it a regular practice.The more you record yourself,the more confident and natural sounding you will become.Who are likely to feel nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public?A:Those who focus on fluency.B:Those who focus on accuracy.C:Those who speaks fast.D:Those who record themselves.
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第三篇The Balance between Fluency and AccuracyTo be able to speak English with fluency and accuracy is a goal of many Chinese English learners.Fluency can be simply defined as"being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying";speaking accurately means"speaking without errors of grammar and vocabulary".However,the fact is that many students find that the faster they try to speak,the more mistakes they make.And,when they slow down,there may be fewer errors though it can sound unnatural. So,how to balance accuracy and fluency in spoken English?It can depend on the manner in which one has studied English in the past.People who tend to focus on accuracy may find that they worry too much about making mistakes.This can make them nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public.As a result,their spoken English might not improve.This means that,although they know English grammar and vocabulary well,they might not be able to hold a good conversation.On the other hand,there are those who really like to talk and are willing to try their language out even if they make mistakes.This willingness to take risks helps them speak more fluidly.But,if they make a lot of mistakes,it may make it difficult for them to have their ideas understood.The debate about which is more important一fluency or accuracy一in the English language has lasted for a long time.Still,one thing is clear:neither of them should be absent if one is to speak a language well.How can we be sure that we can develop both?The following tips could help.Find the problem.What kind of person are you一one who focuses on accuracy or one who focuses on frequency?The first step is to recognize your problem and go to work on it.Think about situations where you've used English and how you felt about making mistakes?Do you always try some new language even though it might not be correct?Or do you feel embarrassed by mistakes?Focus on one problem at a time.When you speak English,find the mistakes you make most often.One mistake Chinese often make is omitting the"S"from the third person singular verb.Or you may speak too slowly as if you were searching for the right word and correct grammar. The next time you use English,try to work on those problems you have identified.If it's fluency,try to focus on it.If you have a problem with the third person singular,try to concentrate on when you make such errors.Don't spend time thinking about other mistakes.By choosing an area to work on,you can isolate problems and help yourself overcome them.Vary your practice.If you go to an English corner or an English club,try to change the types of activities you take part in so that you practice both fluency and accuracy.Public speaking allows you to slow down and be sure you have time to concentrate on the language.Meanwhile,discussions are good practice for fluency,especially if you don't stop each time a mistake is made.Tell the difference between fluency and speed.Some Chinese think that speaking fast is the same as speaking fluently.In fact,speaking fluently involves not only speed.It also involves stress, pronunciation and intonation. If you make a mistake in these,speaking fast will only make it worse. Don't sacrifice understanding for speed.Record yourself. Take a tape recorder and record a conversation with a friend or a speech or talk to yourself as you do it naturally!A two-or-three-minute recording is enough.When you've finished,listen to yourself. Can you find out any error and correct it?Make it a regular practice.The more you record yourself,the more confident and natural sounding you will become.Which statement is true according to the passage?A:You don't stop each time when you practice your accuracy.B:You should care about all the mistakes in your speaking all the time.C:Record yourself for three to four minutes is a good method to improve accuracy.D:You record yourself more,and you will become more confident and natural sounding.
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We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes?are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?When I got that great job,did Jim really feel good about it,as a friend?Or did he envy my luck?"When we look back,doubts?like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it′s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies?Sometimes what people say hides their?real meaning.And if we don′t really listen closely we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose?someone tells you,"You′re a lucky dog."That′s being friendly.But"lucky dog"?There′s a bit?of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn′t see it himself.But bringing in the"dog"puts you down a?little.What he may be saying is that he doesn′t think you deserve your luck.
Just think of all the things you have to be thankful foris another noise that says one thing and?means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is be?Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn′t important.It′s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven′t got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone′s words?One way is to take a good look at?the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks?Does what he says agree with the tone of?voice?His posture?The look in his eyes?Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the?real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
When we listen to a person talking,the most important thing for us to do is to__________.A.notice the way the person is talking
B.take a good look at the person talking
C.mind his tone,his posture and the look in his eyes
D.examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner,his tone and his posture
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What Should I Say to the Person Who Has Cancer?It is normal to feel that you don't know what to say to someone who has cancer.You might only know the person casually,or you may have worked______(1)or lived near each other for many years and have a closer relationship.The most important ___________(2)you can do is to acknowledge the situation in some way一whatever is most comfortable for you．You can show interest and concern,you can expressencouragement,or you_________(3)offer support. Sometimes the simplestexpressions of concern are the______(4)meaningful,While it is good to be encouraging,it is also important_________(5)to show false optimism or to tell the person with cancer to always have a positive attitude.Doing _________(6)things may discount their fears,concerns,or sad feelings.It is alsotempting to say that you know __________(7)the person feels.While you may know thisis a difficult time,no one can know exactly how the person with_______(8)feels.Humor can be an important way________(9)coping.It is also another source ofsupport and encouragement.Let the person with cancer________(10)the lead; it ishealthy if they find something funny about a side effect,like hair loss or increased appetite, and you can certainly join_________(11)in a good laugh.This can be a great way to relieve stress and to take a break from the_________(12)serious nature of the situation.When the person with cancer looks good, let them know! Refrain（忍住） _____(13)comments when their appearance isn't as good,such as"You're looking pale"or"You've lost weight".Cancer and its treatment can be very unpredictable. Be prepared for good days and bad________(14).Refrain from telling the person with cancer stories about family members or friends who have had cancer. Everyone is different,and these stories may not be helpful.Instead,it is better simply to tell them you know________(15)about cancer because you've been through it with someone else._________(6) A:other B:whatever C:these D:useful
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问答题【参考范例六】PART 2Describe a person who is living near of you. You should say: who the person is how you got to know him/her when you became the neighbour and explain why you like to choose this person to talk about.You will have to talk about the topic for one or two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.
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单选题To prepare yourself for the interview, the writerA
tells you to visit the competitors.B
advises you to do research on the company.C
says that you ought to prepare questions beforehand.D
advises you to know little about the sector.
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单选题You´ll find yourself thinking about nothing _________when you´re very nervous.A
whereverB
whatsoeverC
wheneverD
however
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问答题Practice 2 Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have strong convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own prejudices. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you subconsciously are aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination that your belief is going beyond what the evidence justifies. For those who have enough psychological imagination, it is a good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different opinion. This has one advantage, and only one, as compared with actual conversation with opponents: this one advantage is that the method is not subject to the same limitations of time and space. Mahatma Gandhi considered it unfortunate to have railways and steamboats and machinery; he would have liked to undo the whole of the industrial revolution. You may never have an opportunity of actually meeting anyone who holds his opinion, because in Western countries most people take the advantage of modern technology for granted. But if you want to make sure that you are right in agreeing with the prevailing opinion, you will find it a good plan to test the arguments that occur to you by considering what Gandhi might have said in refutation of them. I have sometimes been led actually to change my mind as a result of this kind of imaginary dialogue. Furthermore, I have frequently found myself growing more agreeable through realizing the possible reasonableness of a hypothetical opponent.
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问答题【参考范例七】PART 2Describe a person you live with or used to live with. You should say: when you lived together what is special about this person whether you live together now and explain why you choose this person to talk about.You will have to talk about the topic for one or two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.
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问答题【参考范例二】PART 2Describe a colleague that you like to work with. You should say: what this person does what sort of work you do with this person how long you have known each other and explain why you like to work with this person.You will have to talk about the topic for one or two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.
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问答题【参考范例四】PART 2Describe a happy person you have met. You should say: who the person is where the person lives what makes him or her so happy and explain whether other people have similar opinion of this person.You will have to talk about the topic for one or two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.
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问答题【参考范例三】PART 2Describe a foreign musician or artist you like. You should say: who the person is what he/she is good at in art field when you began to know him/her and explain why you like to talk about this person.You will have to talk about the topic for one or two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.
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