ACCA考试是根据什么标准打分的，了解一下

正确答案：
(ii) Close investment holding company status
Carver Ltd will not become a close investment-holding company if it purchases the office building as, although it will no
longer be a trading company, it intends to rent out the building to a number of tenants none of whom is connected to
the company.
Carver Ltd will become a close investment holding company if it purchases a portfolio of quoted shares as it will no
longer be a trading company. As a result it will pay corporation tax at the full rate of 30% regardless of the level of its
profits.

正确答案：
4 HEGAS
(a) Auditor’s responsibilities for ‘other information’
■ The auditor has a professional responsibility to read other information to identify material inconsistencies with the
audited financial statements (ISA 720 ‘Other Information in Documents Containing Audited Financial Statements’).
■ A ‘material inconsistency’ arises when other information contradicts that which is contained in the audited financial
statements. It may give rise to doubts about:
– the auditor’s conclusions drawn from audit evidence; and
– the basis for the auditor’s opinion on the financial statements.
■ In certain circumstances, the auditor may have a statutory obligation (under national legislation) to report on other
information (e.g. Management Report).
■ Even where there is no such obligation (e.g. chairman’s statement), the auditor should consider it, as the credibility of
the financial statements may be undermined by any inconsistency.
■ The auditor must arrange to have access to the other information on a timely basis prior to dating the auditor’s report.
Material inconsistency
■ If a material inconsistency is identified, the auditor should determine whether it is the audited financial statements or
the other information which needs amending.
■ If an amendment to the audited financial statements is required but not made, there will be disagreement, resulting in
the expression of a qualified or adverse opinion. (Such a situation would be extremely rare.)
■ Where an amendment to other information is necessary, but refused, the auditor’s report may include an emphasis of
matter paragraph (since the audit opinion cannot be other than unqualified with respect to this matter).
Material misstatement of fact
■ A material misstatement of fact in other information exists when information which is not related to matters appearing
in the audited financial statements is incorrectly stated or presented in a misleading manner.
■ If management do not act on advice to correct a material misstatement the auditors should document their concerns to
those charged with corporate governance and obtain legal advice.
Tutorial note: Marks would be awarded here for the implications for the auditor’s report. However, such marks, which are
for the restatement of knowledge would NOT be awarded again if repeated in answers to (b).

正确答案：
(b)(i)Riskaffectingcompleteness–Thecomputersystemdoesnotrecordsalesaccuratelyand/orinformationislostortransferredincorrectlyfromtheticketofficecomputertotheaccountsdepartmentcomputer.–Cashsalesarenotrecordedinthecashbook;cashisstolenbytheaccountsclerks.–Ticketsareissuedbutnopaymentisreceived–thatisthesaleisnotrecorded.–Cashisremovedbytheticketofficepersonnel,bythesecurityguardsorbytheaccountclerks.–Theaccountclerksmiscounttheamountofcashreceivedfromaticketoffice.(ii)UseoftestsofcontrolsandsubstantiveproceduresTestsofcontrolsTestsofcontrolaredesignedtoensurethatdocumentedcontrolsareoperatingeffectively.Ifcontrolsoverthecompletenessofincomewereexpectedtooperatecorrectly,thentheauditorwouldtestthosecontrols.InB-Star,whilecontrolscouldbeinoperation,e.g.theaccountclerksagreeingphysicalcashtocomputersummaries,thereisnoindicationthatthecontrolisdocumented;thatisthecomputersummaryisnotsignedtoshowthecomparisonhastakenplace.Theauditorcouldusethetestofinquiry–askingtheclerkswhetherthecontrolhasbeenused,andobservation–actuallywatchingtheclerkscarryoutthecontrols.Asnotedabovethough,lackofdocumentationofthecontroldoesmeanrelyingontestsofcontrolfortheassertioncompletenessofincomehaslimitedvalue.SubstantiveproceduresSubstantiveproceduresincludeanalyticalproceduresandotherprocedures.Analyticalproceduresincludetheanalysisofsignificantratiosandtrendsandsubsequentinvestigationofanytrendsorrelationshipsthatappeartobeabnormal.TheseprocedurescanbeusedeffectivelyinB-Starasanapproximationofincomethatcanbeobtainedfromsourcesotherthanthecashreceiptrecords.Otherprocedures,ortestsofdetail,arenormallyusedtoverifystatementoffinancialpositionassertionsandincludeobtainingauditevidencerelevanttospecificassertions.However,theycouldbeusedinB-Startotraceindividualtransactionsthroughthesales/cashsystemstoensureallticketsaleshavebeenrecorded(completenessassertion).Theuseofotherprocedureswillbetimeconsuming.(c)(i)Substantiveanalyticalprocedures–completenessofincomeforoneday–Obtainproofintotal.Ticketssoldtimespriceshouldequalday’sincome.–Comparedailysalestobudgeteddailysales(forexampleweekendsandbankholidayswouldexpectmoreincome).–Comparesaleswithpreviousdaysandaccountforchangessuchasvariationsforweather.–Comparesalestosouvenirssales(morepeopleinparkmeansmoresouvenirsales).–Compareticketofficesday-by-dayandstaffrotationtoseeifsaleslowersomeday/somestaff(attempttoidentifyfraudalso).–Comparetheexpectedsalesfromticketnumberstothetotalsalesamountfromcashandcreditsalesforeachticketoffice.(ii)Substantiveanalyticalprocedures–completenessofincomefortheyear–Obtainthesalesincomefromthepreviousyear.Multiplythisby115%toprovidearoughestimateoftheincomeforthisyear.–Obtaininformationonthenumberofdayswithrainduringthelastyear.Wherethisismoreorlessthan30,adjusttheincomeestimateby1/730downforeachdayofrainabove30or1/730upforeachdayofrainlessthan30.(Note:B-Staronlyattracts50%ofthenormalnumberofcustomersonarainyday;henceonedayofraindecreasestotalcustomersby1/730intheyear.)–Compareactualincometobudgetedincomefortheyear.Askthedirectorstoexplainanysignificantdeviations.–Obtainindustryinformationonthepopularityofthemeparks,andchangeincustomernumbers.ComparethesetrendstotheresultsobtainedbyB-Star.WhereB-Starperformedsignificantlybetterorworsethanaverage,obtainexplanationsfromthedirectors.(d)Auditofyearendcreditcardreceivable–Agreethebalancesoneachcreditcardcompany’sledgeraccounttothelistofreceivables.–Castthelistofreceivablesandagreethetotaltothetotalonthereceivablesledgercontrolaccount.–Forthelastdayofthefinancialyearandthefirstdayofthenewfinancialyear,agreetotalsalesincomefromticketofficerecordstothecashbookandreceivablesledgerensuringtheyarerecordedinthecorrectperiod.Forasampleofmaterialbalancesandarandomsampleofimmaterialitems,–ObtaindirectconfirmationfromthecreditcardcompanyoftheamountduetoB-Starusingareceivablesconfirmationletter.–Wheredirectconfirmationisnotpossible,obtainevidenceofcashreceiptaftertheendofthefinancialyear.AgreetheamountonthebankstatementspostyearendofB-Startotheamountdueinthereceivablesledger(lessanycommissiondue).–Reviewafterdatesalesdaybookfordebitnotesindicatingthatsalesmayhavebeenoverstatedintheprioryear.–ObtainthefinancialstatementsofB-Starandensurethatthereceivablesamountisdisclosedasacurrentassetnetofcommissionduetothecreditcardcompanies.