考前必看:2021年考研英语工学类阅读理解模拟题及答案(三十五)
发布时间:2020-10-12
最近,有小伙伴在询问最后阶段,考研英语该如何备考才最有效。最后阶段,我们应该将备考的重点放在复习和了解考试上,多去练习历年真题和模拟试题。下面,51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题,一起来看看吧。
BACK in 1922, Thomas Edison predicted that “the motion picture is destined to revolutionize our educational
system and……in a few years it
will supplant largely, if not
entirely, the use of
textbooks.” Well, we all make mistakes. But at least
Edison did not squander vast quantities of public money on installing cinema
screens in schools around the country.
With computers, the story has been different. Many
governments have packed them into schools, convinced that their presence would improve the pace and efficiency
of learning. Large numbers of studies, some more academically respectable than others, have purported to show that computers
help children to learn. Now, however, a study that
compares classes with computers against similar classes without them casts
doubt on that view.
In the current Economic Journal, Joshua Angrist of the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology and Victor Lavy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
look at a scheme which put computers into many of Israel\'s primary and middle
schools in the mid-1990s. Dr Angrist and Dr Lavy compare the test scores for
maths and Hebrew achieved by children in the fourth and eighth grades (ie, aged about nine and 13) in schools with
and without computers. They also asked the classes\' teachers how they used
various teaching materials, such
as Xeroxed worksheets and, of
course, computer programs.
The researchers found that the Israeli scheme had much less effect on teaching
methods in middle schools than in elementary schools. It also found no evidence
that the use of computers improved children\'s test scores. In fact, it found the reverse. In the case of the
maths scores of fourth-graders, there
was a consistently negative relationship between computer use and test scores.
The authors offer three possible
explanations of why this might be. First, the introduction of computers into classrooms might have gobbled up
cash that would otherwise have paid for other aspects of education. But that is
unlikely in this case since the money for the programme came from the national
lottery, and the study
found no significant change in teaching resources, methods or training in schools that acquired computers through the
scheme.
A second possibility is that the transition
to using computers in instruction takes time to have an effect. Maybe, say the authors, but the schools surveyed had been using
the scheme\'s computers for a full school year. That was enough for the new
computers to have had a large (and apparently malign) influence on fourth-grade
maths scores. The third explanation is the simplest: that the use of computers in teaching is
no better (and perhaps worse) than other teaching methods.
The bottom line, says Dr Angrist, is that “the costs are clear-cut and the benefits are murky.” The burden of proof now lies with the
promoters of classroom computers. And the only reliable way to make their case
is, surely, to conduct a proper study, with children randomly allocated to
teachers who use computers and teachers who use other methods, including the cheapest of all: chalk and talk.
注(1):本文选自Economist;10/26/2002, p74;
注(2):本文习题命题模仿对象是1999年真题text4(1, 2, 3, 4)和text1第4题(第5题);
1. We can learn from the first paragraph
that __________________.
[A] motion picture has revolutionized
education system
[B] Edison‘s prediction has been proved wrong
[C] Edison encouraged schools to install
cinema screens
[D] schools are cautious about Edison‘s idea
2. Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy have done the
following except _______________.
[A] comparing the test scores of students
in different age groups
[B] interviewing teachers about their
teaching methods
[C] launching the computer program in many
Israeli schools
[D] explaining students‘ school performance
3. According to Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy, in the Israeli scheme, students didn‘t make
improvement in their test scores
because______________.
[A] other aspects of education were
affected due to cash shortage
[B] it was not long enough for the program
to take effect
[C] there was a negative relationship
between computer use and test scores
[D] the use of computer was no better than
other teaching methods
4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph
that ________________.
[A] there hasn‘t been a proper study on this issue yet
[B] school authorities should provide proof
to support the computer program
[C] installing computers in schools costs
too much, but has little or
no effect
[D] chalk and talk work better than
computer in teaching
5. The author‘s attitude towards governments’ packing computers in schools seems to be
___________________.
[A] biased
[B] indifferent
[C] disapproving
[D] puzzling
答案:BCDAC
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