ACCA考试F4模拟试题(2020-08-15)

发布时间：2020-08-15

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8 Mr Ding picked up a handbag lost by somebody when he was walking in the park. There was lots of cash, some bills of exchange and a set of commercial documents in the handbag. Mr Ding found, from the information on the documents, the owner of this handbag was Ms Liang and contacted her.

On the day, as fixed by Mr Ding and Ms Liang via exchange of communications, Ms Liang went to Mr Ding’s home to take back the handbag. Before handing over the handbag to Ms Liang, however, Mr Ding requested a sum of cash as a reward for his kindness and efforts to return the lost handbag. Ms Liang refused to give the reward.

Required:

Answer the following questions in accordance with the Property Law, and give your reasons for your answer:

(a) state whether Mr Ding was entitled to request a reward for returning the lost handbag;

(b) if Ms Liang had put up an advertisement offering a reward for the successful find of the lost property, state whether she could refuse to grant the reward if she learnt that Mr Ding did not see the advertisement;

(c) assuming Mr Ding could not find the owner and turned the handbag over to the police who then published an announcement of finding of the lost property in the newspaper, state how to deal with the handbag where nobody claimed it.

答案：

8 This question requires candidates to deal with the legal issues relevant to the lost-and-found object under the Property Law.

(a) In accordance with Articles 109 and 112 of the Property Law, a lost-and-found object shall be returned to the right holder and the right holder, when obtaining the lost-and-found object, shall pay the person who finds the object such necessary expenses as the cost for safekeeping the object. The Property Law does not stipulate that a person is entitled to request a reward for finding the lost object. Therefore, Mr Ding could not request the reward from Ms Liang for returning the handbag.

(b) In accordance with Article 112 of the Property Law, where the right holder publicly offers a reward for the lost object, he or she shall keep the promise when claiming the lost-and-found object. An offer of reward for the lost object is an offer to a non-specific offeree and an unilateral act. Whenever the offer takes effect, the offeror is bound by such an expression.

Therefore, Ms Liang could not refuse to grant the reward on the ground that Mr Ding did not see the particular advertisement.

(c) In accordance with Article 113 of the Property Law, where a lost-and-found object fails to be claimed within six months as of the date when the claiming announcement is published, it shall be owned by the State. Since the police published an announcement in the newspaper and received no claiming from Ms Liang, therefore, the handbag found by Mr Ding should become the property of the State when six months expired.

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下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

(c) Define ‘retirement by rotation’ and explain its importance in the context of Rosh and Company.

(5 marks)

正确答案：
(c) Retirement by rotation.
Definition
Retirement by rotation is an arrangement in a director’s contract that specifies his or her contract to be limited to a specific
period (typically three years) after which he or she must retire from the board or offer himself (being eligible) for re-election.
The director must be actively re-elected back onto the board to serve another term. The default is that the director retires
unless re-elected.
Importance of
Retirement by rotation reduces the cost of contract termination for underperforming directors. They can simply not be
re-elected after their term of office expires and they will be required to leave the service of the board as a retiree (depending
on contract terms).
It encourages directors’ performance (they know they are assessed by shareholders and reconsidered every three years) and
focuses their minds upon the importance of meeting objectives in line with shareholders’ aims.
It is an opportunity, over time, to replace the board membership whilst maintaining medium term stability of membership
(one or two at a time).
Applied to Rosh
Retirement by rotation would enable the board of Rosh to be changed over time. There is evidence that some directors may
have stayed longer than is ideal because of links with other board members going back many years.

(b) Wallace Co; and (5 marks)

正确答案：
(b) Wallace Co
Being the audit manager, Valerie Hobson is clearly in a position to influence the outcome of the audit. She appears to have
entered into a private commercial transaction with her client. IFAC’s Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants does not
prohibit such commercial transactions so long as they are:
– In the normal course of business,
– At arm’s length, and
– The value is not material to either party.
In this case the transaction is in the normal course of business for the client. Rental of storage space is not the main business
of Wallace Co, but it appears that this type of transaction is quite common for the company. However the note on the invoice
indicates that a substantial discount has been offered and accepted, and so the transaction is not at arm’s length. The value
is not material to Wallace Co, but could represent a significant discount to normal commercial terms to the audit manager.
Goods and services can be received from an audit client, but only if the value is clearly insignificant.
A self-interest threat is clearly established. Valerie Hobson is benefiting financially from her position as audit manager. She
may compromise the audit approach – which has recently been planned – and furthermore she may compromise the audit
opinion to keep the client happy. She may also have other audit clients where bias could have occurred.
Action to be taken:
– The ethics partner will need to evaluate whether the value of the transaction and the discount received is ‘clearly
insignificant’.
– Her benefiting from a discount on services provided by Wallace Co, which was not disclosed, could result in disciplinary
action.
– Valerie should be removed from the audit immediately, and a new audit manager assigned to Wallace Co.
– The audit planning for year ended 31 May 2008 should be subject to independent review and amendments made where
necessary.
– The transaction should be disclosed to the audit committee of Wallace Co, or to those charged with governance.
– The ethics partner may wish to consider Valerie’s relationships with other audit clients for any evidence of transactions
or other indicators of potential bias.

(b) Explain the principal audit procedures to be performed during the final audit in respect of the estimated

warranty provision in the balance sheet of Island Co as at 30 November 2007. (5 marks)

正确答案：
(b) ISA 540 Audit of Accounting Estimates requires that auditors should obtain sufficient audit evidence as to whether an
accounting estimate, such as a warranty provision, is reasonable given the entity’s circumstances, and that disclosure is
appropriate. One, or a combination of the following approaches should be used:
Review and test the process used by management to develop the estimate
– Review contracts or orders for the terms of the warranty to gain an understanding of the obligation of Island Co
– Review correspondence with customers during the year to gain an understanding of claims already in progress at the
year end
– Perform. analytical procedures to compare the level of warranty provision year on year, and compare actual to budgeted
provisions. If possible disaggregate the data, for example, compare provision for specific types of machinery or customer
by customer
– Re-calculate the warranty provision
– Agree the percentage applied in the calculation to the stated accounting policy of Island Co
– Review board minutes for discussion of on-going warranty claims, and for approval of the amount provided
– Use management accounts to ascertain normal level of warranty rectification costs during the year
– Discuss with Kate Shannon the assumptions she used to determine the percentage used in her calculations
– Consider whether assumptions used are consistent with the auditors’ understanding of the business
– Compare prior year provision with actual expenditure on warranty claims in the accounting period
– Compare the current year provision with prior year and discuss any fluctuation with Kate Shannon.
Review subsequent events which confirm the estimate made
– Review any work carried out post year end on specific faults that have been provided for. Agree that all costs are included
in the year end provision.
– Agree cash expended on rectification work in the post balance sheet period to the cash book
– Agree cash expended on rectification work post year end to suppliers’ invoices, or to internal cost ledgers if work carried
out by employees of Island Co
– Read customer correspondence received post year end for any claims received since the year end.

(b) (i) Advise the directors of GWCC on specific actions which may be considered in order to improve the

estimated return on their investment of ￡1,900,000. (8 marks)

正确答案：
(b) (i) The directors of GWCC might consider any of the following specific actions in order to improve the return on the
investment:
– Attempt to raise the selling price of the Mighty Ben cake to Superstores plc. Much will depend on the nature of the
relationship in terms of mutuality of trust and co-operation between the parties. If Superstores plc are insistent on
a launch price of ￡20·25 and a mark-up of 35% on its purchase price from GWCC then this is likely to be
unsuccessful.
– Attempt to reduce the material losses in the first 600 batches of production via improved process control.
– Attempt to negotiate a retrospective rebate based on volumes of packaging purchased.
– Improve the rate of learning of the hand-skilled cake decorators via a more intensive training programme and/or
altering the flow of production.
– Undertake a thorough review of all variable overheads which have been absorbed on the basis of direct labour
hours. It might well be the case that labour is not the only ‘cost driver’ in which case variable overheads might be
overstated.
– Undertake a thorough review of all fixed overheads to ensure that they are specific to the production of the Mighty
Ben cake.
– Adopt a ‘value engineering’ approach in order to identify ‘non value added’ features/aspects of the product or
processes used to produce it. This would have to be done in conjunction with Superstores plc, but might end in a
‘win-win’ scenario.
– Ensure that all overhead expenditure will be incurred in the most ‘economic’ manner.

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