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Cloud computing is a phrase used to describe a variety of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers ___71___ through a real-time communication network such as the Internet. In science, cloud computing is a ___请作答此处___ for distributed computing over a network, and means the ___73___ to run a program or application on many connected computers at the same time.
The architecture of a cloud is developed at three layers: infrastructure, platform, and application. The infrastucture layer is built with virtualized computestorageand network resources. The platform lay-er is for general-purpose and repeated usage of the collection of software resources. The application layer is formed with a collection of all needed software modules for SaaS applications. The infrastucture layer serves as the ___74___ for building the platform layer of the cloud. In turn, the platform layer is founda-tion for implementing the ___75___ layer for SaaS application.
The architecture of a cloud is developed at three layers: infrastructure, platform, and application. The infrastucture layer is built with virtualized computestorageand network resources. The platform lay-er is for general-purpose and repeated usage of the collection of software resources. The application layer is formed with a collection of all needed software modules for SaaS applications. The infrastucture layer serves as the ___74___ for building the platform layer of the cloud. In turn, the platform layer is founda-tion for implementing the ___75___ layer for SaaS application.
A.replacement
B.switch
C.substitute
D.synonym（同义词）
B.switch
C.substitute
D.synonym（同义词）
参考答案
参考解析
解析：云计算是一个用来描述各种计算概念的一个短语，计算概念涉及大量计算机通过实时通信的网络，如Internet，连接在一起。在科学研究中，云计算是分布式网络计算的同义词，意味着有能力同时在多台互连的计算机上运行一个程序或应用。
云的结构分为3层：基础设施、平台和应用。基础实施层由虚拟计算机存储和网络资源构成；平台层是具有通用性和复用性的软件资源的集合；应用层是云上针对SaaS应用的所有应用软件的集合。基础设施层时建立平台层的硬件基础；相应地，平台层是执行应用层SaaS应用的基础。
云的结构分为3层：基础设施、平台和应用。基础实施层由虚拟计算机存储和网络资源构成；平台层是具有通用性和复用性的软件资源的集合；应用层是云上针对SaaS应用的所有应用软件的集合。基础设施层时建立平台层的硬件基础；相应地，平台层是执行应用层SaaS应用的基础。
更多 “Cloud computing is a phrase used to describe a variety of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers ___71___ through a real-time communication network such as the Internet. In science, cloud computing is a ___请作答此处___ for distributed computing over a network, and means the ___73___ to run a program or application on many connected computers at the same time. The architecture of a cloud is developed at three layers: infrastructure, platform, and application. The infrastucture layer is built with virtualized computestorageand network resources. The platform lay-er is for general-purpose and repeated usage of the collection of software resources. The application layer is formed with a collection of all needed software modules for SaaS applications. The infrastucture layer serves as the ___74___ for building the platform layer of the cloud. In turn, the platform layer is founda-tion for implementing the ___75___ layer for SaaS application.A.replacement B.switch C.substitute D.synonym（同义词） ” 相关考题
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资料：Acknowledging that so-called cloud computing will blur the distinctions between computers and networks, about two dozen big information technology companies plan to announce a new standards-setting group for computer networking. The group, to be called the Open Networking Foundation, hopes to help standardize a set of technologies pioneered at Stanford and the University of California, Berkeley, and meant to make small and large networks programmable in much the same way that individual computers are.
The changes, if widely adopted, would have implications for global telecommunications networks and large corporate data centers, but also for small household networks. The benefits, proponents say, would be more flexible and secure networks that are less likely to suffer from congestion. Someday, they say, networks might even be less expensive to build and operate. The new approach could allow for setting up on-demand "express lanes" for voice and data traffic that is time-sensitive. Or it might let big telecommunications companies, like Verizon or AT&T, use software to combine several fiber optic backbones temporarily for particularly heavy information loads and then have them automatically separate when a data rush hour is over. For households, the new capabilities might let Internet service providers offer remote services like home security or energy control.
The foundation's organizers also say the new technologies will offer ways to improve computer security and could possibly enhance individual privacy within the e-commerce and social networking markets. Those markets are the fastest-growing uses for computing and network resources. While the new capabilities could be crucial to network engineers, for business users and consumers the changes might be no more noticeable than advances in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning. Everything might work better, but most users would probably not know- or care- why or how.
The members of the Open Networking Foundation will include Broadcom, Brocade, Ciena, Cisco, Citrix, Dell, Deutsche Telekom, Ericsson, Facebook, Force10, Google, Hewlett-Packard, I.B.M., Juniper, Marvell, Microsoft, NEC, Netgear, NTT, Riverbed Technology, Verizon, VMWare and Yahoo. "This answers a question that the entire industry has had, and that is how do you provide owners and operators of large networks with the flexibility of control that they want in a standardized fashion." said Nick McKeown, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Stanford, where his and colleagues' work forms part of the technical underpinnings, called OpenFlow.
The effort is a departure from the traditional way the Internet works. As designed by military and academic experts in the 1960s, the Internet has been based on interconnected computers that send and receive packets of data, paying little heed to the content and making few distinctions among the various types of senders and receivers of information. The intelligence in the original Internet was meant to reside largely at the end points of the network-the computers-while the specialized routing computers were relatively dumb post offices of various size, mainly confined to reading addresses and transferring packets of data to adjacent systems. But these days, when cloud computing means a lot of the information is stored and processed on computers out on the network, there is growing need for more intelligent control systems to orchestrate the behavior of thousands of routing machines. It will make it possible, for example, for managers of large networks to program their network to prioritize certain types of data, perhaps to ensure quality of service or to add security to certain portions of a network. The designers argue that because OpenFlow should open up hardware and software systems that control the flow of Internet data packets, systems that have been closed and proprietary, it will cause a new round of innovation focused principally upon the vast computing systems known as cloud computers.
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C.application
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B.service
C.application
D.software
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B.hardware
C.software
D.network
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B.PaaS
C.SaaS
D.DaaS
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B.Industry 4.0
C.Big data
D.ClouD.computing
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A.IaaS
B.PaaS
C.SaaS
D.DaaS
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Cloud computing provides on-demand service to users by using distributed computing and（ ）resource management. A.network
B.virtual
C.centralized
D.specializeD.
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云计算的英文是Cloud Computing。（）
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