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Which of the following payment terms eliminates the exchange risk, assuming the exporter invoices in foreign currency? ______.
A．Confirmed irrevocable documentary credit
B．Open account
C．Documentary collection D/A
D．None of the above
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更多 “ Which of the following payment terms eliminates the exchange risk, assuming the exporter invoices in foreign currency? ______.A．Confirmed irrevocable documentary creditB．Open accountC．Documentary collection D/AD．None of the above ” 相关考题
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According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?A．A "revocable credit" may be cancelled at any time.B．The credits are usually in favor of the exporter.C．An "irrevocable credit" may not be amended.D．The credits are usually in favor of the importer.
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资料：Actually, any sale is a gift until you get paid. But exporters are especially concerned, since their buyers might be 10,000 miles away！
So, understanding the four basic ways to get paid for an international order is important. The method you select will affect the risk you bear, the size of orders you might be able to get, and the financing you might require to fill the order.
The following are the methods of payment for the exporter, from the most to the least secure:
Cash-in-advance. New exporters frequently request this method. Their attitude typically is, "I don't know you very well but, if you send me the money, I'll send you the goods."
●Advantage: The exporter gets paid before the shipment leaves the U.S. If cash is received prior to production, the exporter will not need additional working capital.
●Drawback: It limits the exporter's sales potential since it ties up the importer's cash; can be a very non-competitive payment method if other suppliers are offering similar products or services.
Letter-of-credit. Letters of credit （L/C） substitute the creditworthiness of the importer and exporter with that of their respective banks.
●Advantage: The exporter will be paid if the terms and conditions of the L/C are met.
●Drawback: There are fees associated with opening and amending L/Cs; the importer's cash is tied-up since cash or other assets need to collateralize the L/C, which in turn might reduce the order size. The exporter still might need additional working capital to produce the product or service, since L/Cs will not pay prior to shipment/performance.
Documentary collections. This method uses the banking system for the exporter to send the necessary documents associated with the order to the importer.
●Advantage: The documents and goods are not released until importer pays or agrees to pay at some future date. If the buyer refuses to accept the documents and goods, the exporter retains title to the goods and can sell them to a third party or bring them back to the U.S.
●Drawback: No guaranty of payment, since the banks only act as intermediaries. The exporter will need to finance the production cycle, the shipment time, plus a longer period if the importer agrees to pay at a later date, until final payment is received
Open account: Open account terms for international sales are similar to domestic open account sales. The buyer agrees to pay in a set number of days-typically 30, 60, or 90-from the invoice, shipment or delivery date.
●Advantage: More competitive terms which can help secure larger orders
●Drawback: The goods are gone and the buyer might not pay. This risk can be greatly reduced by obtaining credit insurance from the Export-Import Bank of the U.S. on the foreign accounts receivable.
Knowing the advantages and drawbacks to each method of payment can help to better prepare you for negotiating payment terms with your potential overseas customers. More detail and support on these and other trade financing issues can be obtained by contacting one of SBA's trade finance specialists in 20 U.S. Export Assistance Centers around the country.
What magazine column might the article be in?
A.Business
B.Economy
C.Social
D.Culture
考题
Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
The exporter, as drawer of a draft (bill of exchange), hands the draft to his bank, the remitting bank, who in turn forwards it to the buyer through a collecting bank in the buyer’s country. A draft (also called a bill) is a written order to a bank or a customer to pay someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future a certain sum of money. If shipping documents accompany the draft, the collection is called “documentary collection.”
Documentary collection falls into two major categories: one is documents against payment(D/P); the other, documents against acceptance (D/A).
Documents against payment, as the term suggests, is that the collecting bank will only give the shipping documents representing the title to the goods on the condition that the buyer makes payment.
Where the paying arrangement is D/A, the collecting bank will only give the buyer the shipping documents after buyer’s acceptance of the bill drawn on him, i.e. the buyer signs his name on the bill promising to pay the sum when it matures. In return he gets what he needs – the shipping documents.
Under D/A, the seller gives up the title to the goods – shipping documents before he gets payment of the goods. Therefore, an exporter must think twice before he accepts such paying arrangement.
The meaning of D/A is（）.A、documents against acceptanceB、documents against paymentC、delivery after paymentD、cash against payment
考题
Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
The exporter, as drawer of a draft (bill of exchange), hands the draft to his bank, the remitting bank, who in turn forwards it to the buyer through a collecting bank in the buyer’s country. A draft (also called a bill) is a written order to a bank or a customer to pay someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future a certain sum of money. If shipping documents accompany the draft, the collection is called “documentary collection.”
Documentary collection falls into two major categories: one is documents against payment(D/P); the other, documents against acceptance (D/A).
Documents against payment, as the term suggests, is that the collecting bank will only give the shipping documents representing the title to the goods on the condition that the buyer makes payment.
Where the paying arrangement is D/A, the collecting bank will only give the buyer the shipping documents after buyer’s acceptance of the bill drawn on him, i.e. the buyer signs his name on the bill promising to pay the sum when it matures. In return he gets what he needs – the shipping documents.
Under D/A, the seller gives up the title to the goods – shipping documents before he gets payment of the goods. Therefore, an exporter must think twice before he accepts such paying arrangement.
In a transaction, if payment is made by collection, then the remitting bank is always located in（）A、Seller’s countryB、Buyer’s countryC、Either A or BD、None of the above
考题
Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
The exporter, as drawer of a draft (bill of exchange), hands the draft to his bank, the remitting bank, who in turn forwards it to the buyer through a collecting bank in the buyer’s country. A draft (also called a bill) is a written order to a bank or a customer to pay someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future a certain sum of money. If shipping documents accompany the draft, the collection is called “documentary collection.”
Documentary collection falls into two major categories: one is documents against payment(D/P); the other, documents against acceptance (D/A).
Documents against payment, as the term suggests, is that the collecting bank will only give the shipping documents representing the title to the goods on the condition that the buyer makes payment.
Where the paying arrangement is D/A, the collecting bank will only give the buyer the shipping documents after buyer’s acceptance of the bill drawn on him, i.e. the buyer signs his name on the bill promising to pay the sum when it matures. In return he gets what he needs – the shipping documents.
Under D/A, the seller gives up the title to the goods – shipping documents before he gets payment of the goods. Therefore, an exporter must think twice before he accepts such paying arrangement.
Under D/P , the importer can obtain the goods only by（）.A、showing the bill of ladingB、signing on the bill of exchangeC、paying in cashD、paying or accepting the bill of exchange
考题
Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
The exporter, as drawer of a draft (bill of exchange), hands the draft to his bank, the remitting bank, who in turn forwards it to the buyer through a collecting bank in the buyer’s country. A draft (also called a bill) is a written order to a bank or a customer to pay someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future a certain sum of money. If shipping documents accompany the draft, the collection is called “documentary collection.”
Documentary collection falls into two major categories: one is documents against payment(D/P); the other, documents against acceptance (D/A).
Documents against payment, as the term suggests, is that the collecting bank will only give the shipping documents representing the title to the goods on the condition that the buyer makes payment.
Where the paying arrangement is D/A, the collecting bank will only give the buyer the shipping documents after buyer’s acceptance of the bill drawn on him, i.e. the buyer signs his name on the bill promising to pay the sum when it matures. In return he gets what he needs – the shipping documents.
Under D/A, the seller gives up the title to the goods – shipping documents before he gets payment of the goods. Therefore, an exporter must think twice before he accepts such paying arrangement.
A draft can be described as followings except（）.A、a bill of exchangeB、a kind of shipping documentsC、a billD、a written paying order
考题
Which of the following is the SMTP provider for Exchange 2010 and controls every component of message processing OUT？（）A、Foreign connectorB、Microsoft Exchange Active Directory Topology serviceC、Routing tableD、Microsoft Exchange Transport service
考题
问答题Practice 10 The U. S. Dollar is the currency most often used in international trade. If the currency of export sales is different from the currency of the exporting country, for example a Japanese exporter sells in U.S. Dollars, the exporter may encounter exchange risks-risks from fluctuations in exchange rates, for example between the U. S. Dollar and the Japanese Yen. In case of the Yen appreciation at the time of converting the U.S. Dollar to the Yen, the exporter will get less Yen per U.S. Dollar. Conversely, in case of the Yen devaluation the exporter will get more Yen per U.S. Dollar. Hence, in time of currency appreciation in the exporting country, it is important that the exporter ships the goods earlier, unless an earliest date for shipment is stipulated in the L/C or has been agreed upon between exporter and importer, and present the negotiating documents to the bank immediately. The exporter may contract with the bank to sell the U.S. Dollar forward in a so-called forward exchange, at a predetermined rate on an agreed future date, thus he/she will not be affected by the currency appreciation and will receive a fixed amount in his/her own currency at a future date.
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