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Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with public goods.There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs,sailors for watching a?lighthouse,and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals,economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal?judgement of the marketplace.
Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first two paragraphs?
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with public goods.There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs,sailors for watching a?lighthouse,and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals,economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal?judgement of the marketplace.
Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first two paragraphs?
A.Suggestions for the application of an economic concept are offered.
B.Several generalizations are presented from which various conclusions are drawn.
C.Persuasive language is used to argue against a popular idea.
D.A general concept is defined and then examples are given.
B.Several generalizations are presented from which various conclusions are drawn.
C.Persuasive language is used to argue against a popular idea.
D.A general concept is defined and then examples are given.
参考答案
参考解析
解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第一段给出了公共商品的概念，接着第二段又列举了许多公共商品的实例。故选D。
更多 “Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good. Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded. It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with public goods.There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs,sailors for watching a?lighthouse,and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals,economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal?judgement of the marketplace. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first two paragraphs?A.Suggestions for the application of an economic concept are offered. B.Several generalizations are presented from which various conclusions are drawn. C.Persuasive language is used to argue against a popular idea. D.A general concept is defined and then examples are given.” 相关考题
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Public goods are those products from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’s utilization(利用)does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit--regardless of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted(代替) for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.31. With what topic is the passage mainly concerned?A. Mechanisms for safer navigation.B. The economic structure of the marketplace.C. A specific group of commodities.D.The advantage of lowering taxes.32. Which of the following would NOT be an example of a public good as described in the passage?A.taxi.B. A bridge.C. A fire truck.D. A stoplight.33. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “holds”?A. hasB. isC. graspsD. carries34. According to the passage, finding out the social costs of a public good is a ________.A. difficult procedureB. daily dutyC. matter of personal judgementD. citizen’s responsibility
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Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
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B.A bridge.
C.A fire truck.
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考题
Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with public goods.There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs,sailors for watching a?lighthouse,and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals,economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal?judgement of the marketplace.
According to the passage,finding out the social costs of a public good is a__________.A.difficult procedure
B.daily administrative duty
C.matter of personal judgement
D.citizen's responsibility
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Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
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What does the passage mainly discuss?A.Mechanisms for safer navigation.
B.The economic structure of the marketplace.
C.A specific group of commodities.
D.The advantages of lowering taxes.
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B.the type of wealth produced
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In any country, the "standard ofliving" means the average person′s share of the goods and services whichthe country produces. Therefore, a country′s standard of living depends firstand foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in thissense is not money, but "goods" such as food and clothing, and"services" such as transport and entertainment.
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public class Person { private name； public Person（String name） { this.name = name； } public int hashCode（） { return 420； } } Which is true？（） A、 The time to find the value from HashMap with a Person key depends on the size of the map.B、 Deleting a Person key from a HashMap will delete all map entries for all keys of typePerson.C、 Inserting a second Person object into a HashSet will cause the first Person object to beremoved as a duplicate.D、 The time to determine whether a Person object is contained in a HashSet is constant and does NOT depend on the size of the map.
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单选题Which of the following most closely parallels the situation described in the first sentence of the text?A
Although a town reduces its public services in order to avoid a tax increase, the town’s tax rate exceeds that of other towns in the surrounding area.B
Although a state.passes strict laws to limit the type of toxic material that can be disposed of in public landfills, illegal dumping continues to increase.C
Although a town’s citizens reduce their individual use of water, the town’s water supplies continue to dwindle, because of a steady increase in the total populating of the town.D
Although a country attempts to increase the sale of domestic goods by adding a tax to the price of imported goods, the sate of imported goods within the country continues to increase.
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单选题Dry cargoes are those commodities that（）.A
never leak but may be spoiled by leakageB
sometimes leak and damage themselvesC
often leak and damage other cargoD
neither leak nor will be damaged by leakage
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单选题From the passage, one can assume that which of the following statements would best describe Hemingway’s attitude toward knowledge?A
One can learn about life only by living it fully.B
A wise person will read widely in order to learn about life.C
Knowledge is a powerful tool that should be reserved only for those who know how to use it.D
Experience is a poor teacher.
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单选题Special stowage in deep tanks is obviously required for（）.A
liquid commodities in containersB
bottled liquid commoditiesC
common liquid commodities in bulkD
liquid commodities in cylinders
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单选题public class Person { private name； public Person（String name） { this.name = name； } public int hashCode（） { return 420； } } Which is true？（）A
The time to find the value from HashMap with a Person key depends on the size of the map.B
Deleting a Person key from a HashMap will delete all map entries for all keys of typePerson.C
Inserting a second Person object into a HashSet will cause the first Person object to beremoved as a duplicate.D
The time to determine whether a Person object is contained in a HashSet is constant and does NOT depend on the size of the map.
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单选题（）means any person by whom or in whose name or on whose behalf a contract of carriage of goods by sea has been concluded with a carrier，or any person by whom or in whose name or on whose behalf the goods are actually delivered to the carrier in relation to the contract of carriage of goods by sea.A
ShipperB
ChartererC
ShipownerD
Carrier
考题
问答题Passage 2 Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be 1 excluded. Everybody is free to 2 the benefits of these commodities, and one person’s utilization 3 the possibilities of 4 enjoying 5 . Examples of public goods are not 6 one might expect. A flood control dam is public goods. Once the dam is built, 7 living in the area will benefit 8 their own contribution 9 the construction cost of the dam. The same 10 true for highway signs or aids to navigations. Once a 1ighthouse is built, 11 _ ship of 12 nationality can be effectively excluded from the13the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. 14 a person who voted against military expenditures or 15 taxes 16 the protection afforded. It is no easy task to17the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is 18 way of 19 drivers for 100 at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense. 20 the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgment of the market place.1. A. efficiently B. effectively C. effectually D. absolutely2. A. have B. enjoy C. concern D. contribute3. A. will reduce B. will enhance C. does not reduce D. does not exclude4. A. anybody’s B. somebody else’s C. anybody else’s D. whoever5. A. the benefit goods B. the peculiar goods C. the same goods D. his goods6. A. as same as B. as rare as C. as far as D. as good as7. A. some people B. the native people C. all the people D. the common people8. A. regarding B. irrespective of C. by virtue of D. considering9. A. for B. on C. towards D. to10. A. holds B. has C. grasps D. carries11. A. any B. a C. the D. no12. A. any B. a C. some D. no13. A. enjoying B. sharing C. catching sight of D. utilization of14. A. If B. When C. Once D. Even15. A. has paid B. has not paid C. paid D. did not pay16. A. could benefit from B. will benefit from C. couldn’t benefit from D. won’t benefit from17. A. calculate B. collect C. determine D. investigate18. A. an advisable B. a practicable C. no advisable D. no practicable19. A. charging B. estimating C. calculating D. controlling20. A. Because B. Even C. However D. Surprisingly
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单选题Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively _____ from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.A
isolatedB
dismissedC
distractedD
excluded
考题
单选题In saying that the benefits of ecosystems are not commodities (line 96) Passage 2 suggests that they ______.A
are less expensive to maintain than factoriesB
are difficult to track and evaluateC
are not as beneficial to consumers as purchased goodsD
do not represent a financial burden if they are destroyedE
are found everywhere in abundance
考题
单选题It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A
doctors do not agree on how to deal with angerB
repressing anger is better than expressing itC
expressing anger causes more problems to one’s healthD
the author does not agree with the doctors
考题
单选题The mass production of goods from the Industrial Revolution in the 1800’s made person-to-person selling less efficient than mass distribution.A
influential B
effective C
sensible D
frequent
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