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Washoe Learned American Sign Language

1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.
2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.
3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent_________.
A:if the Gardeners' argument was sound
B:because she was cleverer than other chimps
C:when she wanted to eat
D:while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
E:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
F: while Washoe was learning sign language

参考答案

参考解析
解析:文章第一段主要讲述的是Washoe死亡这件事以及对Washoe概括性的介绍,因此答案应当选择选项C。
第二段主要介绍了当年Washoe学习手语的进展情况及惊人的成果,因此选项B的概括最准确。
第三段主要讲的是一些批评家对Washoe语言能力的质疑,以及Gardner 夫妇的学生对此的反驳,因此选项E“对大猩猩智慧的争论”最符合要求。
第四段只有三句话,主要讲很少人继续从事这项研究的原因是耗时太久,因而选项A总结的最正确。
文章第二段中间提到当Washoe想吃东西的时候就会做手势,因此选择C项。
文章第三段其他研究者对Gardner夫妇的看法提出了质疑,认为Washoe 并不能真正掌握语言,只是凭借记忆学习手语。因此选项A是正确的。
第三段提到Washoe被带到了Ellensburg,在那里它甚至教会了其他三只黑猩猩手语,因此选项D是正确的。
文章第一段和第二段告诉我们Washoe掌握了大量的词汇并能用手语同人交流,它是第一个能了解人类语言的非人类,因此人们自然会认为它很聪明。选项E是正确的。
更多 “共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign Language1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent_________.A:if the Gardeners' argument was soundB:because she was cleverer than other chimpsC:when she wanted to eatD:while she was at a research center in EllensburgE:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits F: while Washoe was learning sign language” 相关考题
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考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign Language1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.Some scientists doubted________.A:if the Gardeners' argument was soundB:because she was cleverer than other chimpsC:when she wanted to eatD:while she was at a research center in EllensburgE:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits F: while Washoe was learning sign language

考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign Language1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language_______.A:if the Gardeners' argument was soundB:because she was cleverer than other chimpsC:when she wanted to eatD:while she was at a research center in EllensburgE:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits F: while Washoe was learning sign language

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考题 共用题干 The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin? American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.What can we learn from the literature of the tribes of the native Americans?A:About the everyday life of the native Americans.B:About the arrival of Columbus.C:About the experience of the first European settlers.D:About the experience of those who died in the New England wilderness.

考题 共用题干第一篇 The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After EuropeansdiscoveredAmerica in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin? American literature begins with Amnerican experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen whofoundAmerica about the year 1000,Native Americans lived here. Each trilbes literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daiiy life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land。Anoiher kind of experience,one filled with fear and excite- ment,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain,French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then,is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences deniauded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These wnters included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathlan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British sub- jects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners一they are all the creators of the first American literature.According to the last paragraph,which of the following statements is true about American literature?A:Some British writers started American literature.B:Early-day American literature is a reflection of the boring life then.C:Some British writers had doubts about the future of American literature.D:Some British writers had great confidence in the future of American literature.

考题 共用题干 The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin? American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.When did American literature begin?A:Before the American natives lived there.B:When Columbus and other explorers sent reports back home.C:When the Northmen found America in about 1000.D:Long before the year 1000.

考题 共用题干 The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin? American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.The main purpose of the last paragraph is to tell the readers that______.A:in the early days most American writers were from Great BritainB:people with rich life experience became writersC:there were many writers in the early days of American historyD:early-day experience provided the foundation for American literature

考题 共用题干 The Day a Language DiedWhen Carlos Westez died at the age of 76,a language died,too.Westez,more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud , was the last speaker of the Native American language , Catawba.Anyone who wants to hear various songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington,D.C.,where ,back in the 1940s,Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations._______ (46)They are all that is left of the Catawba language.The language that people used to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the world's ecology(生态).However,few people are aware of the impact that widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life.English has spread all over the world.Chinese,Spanish,Russian,and Hindi have become powerful languages,as well.______(47) When this happens,hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few people die out.Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world,but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years.There are many examples.Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu ,located in the Pacific Ocean.It is spoken by only a few older adults , so like Catawba , Araki will soon disappear.Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers.________ (48) In the Americas,100 languages,each of which has fewer than 300 speakers,also are dying out.Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it.He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe , and the language was not his mother tongue._______(49) The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular.Now he is gone and the language is dead.What does it mean when a language disappears? When a plant or insect or animal species dies , it is easy to understand what we ' ve lost and to appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural world.However , language is only a product of the mind.To be the last remaining speaker of a language , like Red Thunder Cloud , must be a lonely destiny , almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species._________(50)________(49)A:Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.B:Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different languages , but more than 100 of them are in,danger of extinction(灭绝).C:However , he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carolina , where he learned the language.D:These languages don ' t have many native speakers.E:For the rest of us,when a language dies , we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.F:As these languages become more powerful , their use as tools of business and culture increases.

考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that______.A: whether chimps can learn a human language remains unanswerableB: primate have the ability to speak a languageC: animals cannot learn a human signD: Washoe is as intelligent as humans

考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.The Gardeners' experiment with Washoe was criticized because______.A: just ask some simple questionsB: only copy teachers' sign languageC: only memorize about 250 wordsD: just repeat short sentences

考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. The Gardeners' experiment with Washoe______.A: began in 1969B: won a big prizeC: lasted three yearsD: influenced primate research

考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. According to the passage,which of the following is true?A: Roger Fouts taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees.B: Washoe was the first chimp to use American Sign Language.C: A chimpanzee died of natural causes in Africa at a research center.D: Nowadays there are still lots of scientists experimenting with chimpanzees.

考题 共用题干 Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. The second paragraph mainly discusses______.A: a report about Washoe's progress in learning sign languageB:the whole direction of primate researchC: new primate researches conducted by many language scientistsD: an experiment with Washoe at a research center in Africa

考题 The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the( ). A.contribution a state has made to the nation B.population C.size D.none of the above

考题 问答题Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics  The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thinking on foreign affairs: American security depended on preventing any one country from achieving dominion over the Eurasian landmass. That objective was achieved with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Now the United States finds itself confronting a new international environment, one without a peer competitor but that nonetheless presents serious threats to American security. The terrorists who struck the World Trade Center and the Pentagon neither represented a traditional state-based threat nor were tied to a specific geographical location. Nevertheless, nineteen people with just a few hundred thousand dollars succeeded in harming the most powerful nation on earth.  For more than three centuries, the dynamics of world politics was determined by the interplay among states, especially the great powers. Today, world politics is shaped by two unprecedented phenomena that are in some tension with each other. One is the sheer predominance of the United States. Today, as never before, what matters most in international politics is how—and whether—Washington acts on any given issue. The other is globalization, which has unleashed economic, political, and social forces that are beyond the capacity of any one country, including the United States, to control.  American primacy and globalization bring the United States great rewards as well as great dangers. Primacy gives Washington an unsurpassed ability to get its way in international affairs, while globalization enriches the American economy and spreads American values. But America’s great power and the penetration of its culture, products, and influence deep into other societies breed intense resentment and grievances. Great power and great wealth do not necessarily produce greater respect or greater security. American leaders and the American people are now grappling with the double-edged sword that is the age of global politics.

考题 单选题The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American _____.A local colorismB vernacularismC modernismD naturalism

考题 单选题Although they entered the wildly profitable coffee business rather late, South American countries now produce most of the coffee consumed worldwide,A South American countries now produceB it is the South American countries now producingC and South American countries now produceD South American countries now producedE South American countries would produce

考题 单选题Which of the following aspects form the basis for a new vision in agricultural research?A Lessons in the past and changing American values.B Increasing demand for food production.C Globalization and scientific progress.D All of the above except (B).