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Text 3 Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors—habits—among consumers.These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits，”said Dr.Curtis,the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine.“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever—had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers'lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough,you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums,skin moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks,teeth whiteners,fabric softeners,vitamins—are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewed advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavitypreventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago,many people didn't drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling the production of faroff springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning,a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year.“Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers'lives,and it's essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap_____
According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap_____
A.should be further cultivated
B.should be changed gradually
C.are deeply rooted in history
D.are basically private concerns
B.should be changed gradually
C.are deeply rooted in history
D.are basically private concerns
参考答案
参考解析
解析：推理题【命题思路】这是一道封闭式推理题，考查考生对文章中某句话的深刻理解，考生可以通过同义替换锁定正确答案。【直击答案】根据题干关键词habits like hand washing with soap定位到第二段。Dr.Curtis提到“There are fundamental public problems,…we wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”由此可推出，他认为解决公共卫生问题的主要方法是创造自发的新习惯，因而A项为正确答案。A项中的cultivate（培养，养成）与原文中的create（创造，形成）属于同义替换。【干扰排除】文中“how to change people's habits”中的habits指“like dirty hands instead of a soap habit”，因为句内未出现转折，所以同一句话中在不同地方指到的同一概念应该是一致的。即，原文中提到的是改变不洗手的习惯，但题干中指的是“habits like hand washing with soap”（用香皂洗手的习惯），B项概念混淆。C项“历史上根深蒂固”，文章并没有从历史的角度阐释人们生活习惯的问题，属于无中生有。D项中的“private concerns”（个人关注的问题），与原文的“public health problems”，将public换成了private，属于偷换概念。
更多 “Text 3 Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors—habits—among consumers.These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits，”said Dr.Curtis,the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine.“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever—had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers'lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough,you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums,skin moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks,teeth whiteners,fabric softeners,vitamins—are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewed advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavitypreventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago,many people didn't drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling the production of faroff springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning,a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year.“Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers'lives,and it's essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods. According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap_____A.should be further cultivated B.should be changed gradually C.are deeply rooted in history D.are basically private concerns” 相关考题
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Reading the magazines () one of my parents’ life habits since they retired.
A. becameB. have becomeC. had becomeD. has become
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此题为判断题(对，错)。
考题
Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which ________ increase the risk of heart disease.[A] in turn[B] in return[C] by chance[D] by turns
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AIf you go to a fast food restaurant．you will probably see a lot of teenagers． Today，many teenagers are overweight，and some of．this is because of their bad eating habits．， Most teenagers love food with a lot of fat，oil，salt，and sugar． People often call this kind of food "junk food"．But． bad eating habits go beyond fast food． We find many teenagers eat unhealthily． Some don't have breakfast before they go to school． During the day，some don't have a proper meal for lunch． In a recent survey at one school，scientists found that over two-thirds of the students didn't follow a healthy diet． They didn't like vegetables，and many of them didn't like to eat fruits． They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt，sugar，or fat．Parents today also worry about their children's diet． Some doctors give the ．following ad-vice :★Teenagers shouldn't eat too much junk food．★ Teenagers shouldn’t eat food with too much salt． Salt can cause high blood pressure(高血压) in the future．★Teenagers should eat food with less fat，oil，and sugar．★Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day: Fruits and vegetables arerich in vitamins(维生素 ) and have little fat．★Teenagers need to drink more milk． Milk will help their bones grow．★Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day． This is good for their body and mind．( )21．"Junk food" contains(包含) a lot of ________．A． milk and sugarB． fruits and sugarC． vegetables and saltD． fat，oil，salt and sugar
考题
From the text we know that some of consumers' habits are developed due to（ ）[A] perfected art of products[B] automatic behavior. creation[C] commercial promotions[D] scientific experiments
考题
【A popular service that has attercted the interest of companies and has home users alike is the sending of voice signals over an IP-based network, such as the Internet. The practice of making telephone calls over the internet has had a number of different names, including packet voice, voice over packet, voice over the internet, internet telephone, and Voice over Ip（Voip）. But it appears the industry has settled on the termVoice ove IP in reference to the internet protocol, which controls the transfer of data over the internet. There are currently three ways to deliver VoIp to users, the first technique is found at the corporate level. Many companies are offering VoIP systerms that operate over a local area network. These systems involve a fair amount of equipment, such as VoIP servers, special IP-enabled telephones, and routers that can direct telephone calls. Today a large portion of corporate sites have converted their older internal telephone systems to VoIP systems that opreate over a LAN, thus converging two systems into one. A second common solution is the one often encountered at home. Using existing telephones, a special converter is added between the telephone and a high speed internet（DSL or cable modem）connection. The converter digitizes the voice signal and creates a stream of packets that are then sent over an ip connection.The third technique involves smart cell phones. Never cell technologies are all packet-based, thus requiring a telephone call to be converted to digital packets and sending those packets over IP networks.】From the paragraph above，a popular service that has attracetd the interest of companies and home users,is termed as （） . The data transfer over the Internet is controlled by the （） . At corporate level, many companies have replaced their older internal telephone systerms with （） that oprerate over a local area network.A、voice over the internet B、voice over packet C、Voice over IP D、internet telephony A、packet B、internet protocol C、industry D、VoIp servers A、VoIP systems B、IP-enablde telephones C、VoIP servers D、routers
考题
The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control
The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been
raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”
Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic
Circle.During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success:Tromso has been built up into a local
capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south,
and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however.With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone
can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil
industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The
real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as
essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage
that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
The Norwegian Government has tried to ______.A.encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.
B.prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.
C.help the oil companies solve many of their problems.
D.keep the oil industry to something near its present size.
考题
共用题干
Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years agoFamilies had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
考题
Americans today have different eating habits than in the past.They have a broader knowledge of（ ）,so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before.Statistics show the way people live determines the way they eat.A.food
B.diet
C.nutrition
D.hygiene
考题
Text 3 Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors—habits—among consumers.These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits，”said Dr.Curtis,the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine.“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever—had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers'lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough,you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums,skin moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks,teeth whiteners,fabric softeners,vitamins—are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewed advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavitypreventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago,many people didn't drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling the production of faroff springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning,a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year.“Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers'lives,and it's essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
The author's attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people's habits is_____A.indifferent
B.negative
C.positive
D.biased
考题
Text 3 Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors—habits—among consumers.These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits，”said Dr.Curtis,the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine.“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever—had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers'lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough,you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums,skin moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks,teeth whiteners,fabric softeners,vitamins—are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewed advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavitypreventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago,many people didn't drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling the production of faroff springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning,a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year.“Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers'lives,and it's essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
From the text we know that some of consumers'habits are developed due to______A.perfected art of products
B.automatic behavior creation
C.commercial promotions
D.scientific experiments
考题
共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures,and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their an- swers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same testagain.This time,most of them only gave the first set of. words.They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change our ways,hut after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our had habits also become automatic,learned behavior. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond to what we learn first?A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
考题
共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures,and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their an- swers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same testagain.This time,most of them only gave the first set of. words.They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change our ways,hut after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our had habits also become automatic,learned behavior. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do so.A:RightB:WrongC:Not nientioned
考题
共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures,and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their an- swers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same testagain.This time,most of them only gave the first set of. words.They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change our ways,hut after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our had habits also become automatic,learned behavior. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
考题
共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures,and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their an- swers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same testagain.This time,most of them only gave the first set of. words.They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change our ways,hut after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our had habits also become automatic,learned behavior. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
考题
共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomnes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same test again.This time,most of them only gave the first set of words.They appeared to have completely forgottenthe second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change out ways,but after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to re- spond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.Bad habits may return when we are under pressure.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomnes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same test again.This time,most of them only gave the first set of words.They appeared to have completely forgottenthe second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change out ways,but after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to re- spond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond to what we learn first.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomnes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same test again.This time,most of them only gave the first set of words.They appeared to have completely forgottenthe second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change out ways,but after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to re- spond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do so.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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共用题干
Kicking the HabitWhat is a bad habit?The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly,almost without thinking about it,and which has some sort of negative consequence.This consequence could affect those around us,or it could affect us personally.Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.Many early habits,like sucking our thumb,are broken when we are very young.We are either told to stop doing it by our parents,or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit,and we gradually grow out of it.It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem.Unless we can break that habit early on,it becomes a part of our life,and becomnes"programmed"into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits,it is the old ways that tend to win,especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study programme,the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again,and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were given a test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one.It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second.Two weeks later,they were given the same test again.This time,most of them only gave the first set of words.They appeared to have completely forgottenthe second set.The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.We may try to change out ways,but after a while,the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned.The more that response is used,the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to re- spond in any other way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them.Even when we try to put new,good intentions into practice,those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic,unconscious forms of memory.The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
考题
单选题AHL PharmaceuticalsA
manufactures medicinesB
puts drug companies in contact with customers.C
supplies medicines to customers.
考题
单选题In a planned economy it was often difficult to secure spare parts,A
so many companies manufacture them all by themselves.B
so many companies have to stop the production lines while waiting.C
so many companies place large orders for emergencies.D
so many companies feel quite headache about this problem.
考题
单选题As an economy moves from a planned economy to a market economy ______.A
the companies pay mere attention to moneyB
the companies care mere about productionC
the companies have great emphasis on finished productsD
the companies don’t know what to do
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单选题In a planned economy it was often difficult to secure spare parts, ______.A
so many companies manufacture them all by themselvesB
so many companies have to stop the production lines while waitingC
so many companies place large orders for emergenciesD
so many companies feel quite headache about this problem
考题
单选题Many fast food restaurants paint their walls red, play loud music and have hard seats ______customers eat quickly and leave.A
makeB
to makeC
madeD
making
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问答题Fewer Skilled Graduates May Hinder China A shortage of well-trained graduates could hinder the growth of the Chinese economy and prevent it from developing more sophisticated industries, according to a report by consultants McKinsey. The universities have a theoretical, text-book, learn-from-the-master approach. English teaching also had insufficient emphasis on conversational skills. Of the pool of 1.6m young engineers in the country, only about 160,000 have the practical and language skills to work for a multinational. Not only are there fewer graduates available to multinationals than many companies realize, but they also face fierce competition from local companies.
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单选题One of the biggest threats to a company’s productivity is absenteeism. Studies have shown that companieswith in-house childcare programs see fewer absences among their employees who are parents than companies without such programs. Therefore, many companies could boost their productivity by starting in-house childcare programs. Which of the following, if true, most weakens the above argument?A
Companies that reimburse outside childcare programs actually see less absenteeism among working parents than companies within·house programs.B
In-house childcare programs create distractions for nonparents that cart harm their productivity.C
Absenteeism is not a serious problem for companies that impose harsh penalties on employees who miss work.D
Studies have shown that employees with children are more likely than those without children to remain in the same job for more than five years.E
Potential employees generally view companies with in-house childcare programs as more desirable places to work than companies without such programs.
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问答题Follow-up questions Interlocutor: Q1: When selling to customers abroad, do you think that companies always need to open an office in the foreign country? (Why?/Why not?)
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单选题MRK Consulting Ltd has been operating in the global market since 1988. We have successfully placed hundreds of IT Banking professionals in leading companies in the Finance, Banking and IT industries.A
MRK is a leading company in Finance and IT Industries.B
There are many IT and Banking talents working with MRK.C
MRK has helped many people found good jobs.
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