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Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.
According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they________
According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they________
A.tried to practice a means of escape
B.expected it to do the same in return
C.wanted to display their intelligence
D.considered that an interesting game
B.expected it to do the same in return
C.wanted to display their intelligence
D.considered that an interesting game
参考答案
参考解析
解析:本题目为细节题,考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Quinn和the rats released the social robots往下定位到第四五段,第五段最后一句This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.Quinn说:这可能会让老鼠更好地记住早些时候已经释放了机器人,并希望机器人在它们被困住时能回报它们的恩惠。正确答案B expected it to do the same in return是原文的同义替换。干扰项A的tried to practice a means of escape试图尝试一种逃跑的方法,原文并未提及,属于无中生有。选项C的wanted to display their intelligence想要展示它们的智慧,文中并未提到,属于无中生有。选项D的considered that an interesting game觉得是个有趣的游戏在原文当中也没有体现,属于无中生有。
更多 “Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles. According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they________A.tried to practice a means of escape B.expected it to do the same in return C.wanted to display their intelligence D.considered that an interesting game” 相关考题
考题
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考题
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考题
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A. conserveB. reserveC. preserveD. deserve
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考题
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考题
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考题
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考题
One can never find out what the other people think about from his facial expression.
A、It means "wearing the mask"B、It means "keeping ideas to herself"C、It means "telling everyone her bright ideas"D、It means "agreeing with others’ ideas"
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考题
According to the author, at a big party, small talk is used with the purpose of__________.A.making both others and yourself feel at ease
B.excluding those you don't like from joining you
C.keeping your voice low so only your friends can hear you
D.comforting those who feel lonely
考题
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.
What did the social robot do during the experiment?A.It followed the social robot.
B.It played with some toys.
C.It set the trapped rats free.
D.It moved around alone.
考题
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.James Wiles notes that rats________A.can remember other rat's facial features
B.differentiate smells better than sizes
C.respond more to cations than to looks
D.can be scared by a plastic box on wheels
考题
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.
It can be learned from the text that rats________A.appear to be adaptable to new surroundings
B.are more socially active than other animals
C.behave differently from children in socializing
D.are more sensitive to social cues than expected
考题
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can________A.pickup social signals from non-living rats
B.distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
C.attain sociable traits through special training
D.send out warning messages to their fellow
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Spacing in Animals1. Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance”is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,there is a positive relationship between the size of an ani-mal and its flight distance-the larger the animal,the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way .The wall lizard's flight distance,on the other hand,is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.2. Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Criti-cal distance”includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach,he soon penetrates the lion's critical distance,at which point the cor-nered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.3 .Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the dis- tance at which an animal will lose contact with his group-that is,the distance at which it can no longer see,hear,or smell the group-it is rather a psychological distance,one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.4. Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short-apparently only a few yardsamong some animals,and quite long among others.5. Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice,social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point,the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger,social distance shrinks.To show this in man,one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. If an animal's critical distance is penetrated,it will______.A: differs among animal speciesB: to psychological distanceC: begin to attackD: to physiological distanceE: distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeingF: distance between certain animal species before fleeing
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Spacing in Animals1. Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance”is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,there is a positive relationship between the size of an ani-mal and its flight distance-the larger the animal,the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way .The wall lizard's flight distance,on the other hand,is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.2. Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Criti-cal distance”includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach,he soon penetrates the lion's critical distance,at which point the cor-nered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.3 .Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the dis- tance at which an animal will lose contact with his group-that is,the distance at which it can no longer see,hear,or smell the group-it is rather a psychological distance,one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.4. Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short-apparently only a few yardsamong some animals,and quite long among others.5. Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice,social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point,the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger,social distance shrinks.To show this in man,one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. Paragraph 5______A: Philosophical distanceB: Flight distanceC: Social distance is determined in part by the situationD: Critical distanceE: Social distanceF: Physical distance
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Spacing in Animals1. Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance”is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,there is a positive relationship between the size of an ani-mal and its flight distance-the larger the animal,the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way .The wall lizard's flight distance,on the other hand,is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.2. Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Criti-cal distance”includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach,he soon penetrates the lion's critical distance,at which point the cor-nered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.3 .Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the dis- tance at which an animal will lose contact with his group-that is,the distance at which it can no longer see,hear,or smell the group-it is rather a psychological distance,one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.4. Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short-apparently only a few yardsamong some animals,and quite long among others.5. Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice,social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point,the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger,social distance shrinks.To show this in man,one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. According to the passage,social distance refers______.A: differs among animal speciesB: to psychological distanceC: begin to attackD: to physiological distanceE: distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeingF: distance between certain animal species before fleeing
考题
Can animals be made to work for us?Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained?to do a number of simple jobs that are now done by human beings.
They point out that at a circus,for example,we may see elephants,monkeys,dogs and other ani-mals doing quite skillful things.Perhaps you have seen them on the television or in a film.If you?watch closely,you may notice that the trainer always gives the animal a piece of candy or a piece of?fruit as a reward.The scientists say that many different animals may be trained to do a number of?simple jobs if they know they will get a reward for doing them.
Of course,as we know,dogs can be used to guard a house,and soldiers in both old and modern?times have used geese to give warning by making a lot of noise when a stranger or an enemy comes?near.But it may be possible to train animals to work in factories.In Russia,for example,pigeons?which are birds with good eyesight,are being nsed to watch out for faults in small steel balls that are?being made in one factory.When the pigeon sees a ball which looks different from others,it touches a?steel plate with its beak.This turns on a light to warn people in the factory.At the same time a few?seeds are given as a reward.It takes three to five weeks to train a pigeon to do this and one pigeon?can inspect 3,000 to 4,000 balls an hour.
Apes have been used in America in helping to make cars,and scientists believe that these large?monkeys may be one day gather crops and even drive trains.
What made scientists think animal can be made to work for us one day?A.Animals are very skillful at a circus.
B.They are big and strong.
C.Some animals are as clever as human beings.
D.Animals carl be trained because they like to get something as a reward.
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问答题With computers, people can now shop, bank, work and communicate from the home. The danger is that people could become isolated from each other and lose social skills which help them to get along with others. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Write a composition of about 400 words to discuss this topic.
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单选题Which of the following statements is NOT made in the passage?A
Human beings are rhythmical physiologically and emotionally.B
Rhythm is what differentiates humans from other animals.C
Human beings seem to be born with a love for rhythm.
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单选题According to the author, at a big party, small talk is used with the purpose of ______.A
making both others and yourself feel at easeB
excluding those you don’t like from joining youC
keeping your voice low so only your friends can hear youD
comforting those who feel lonely
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单选题The sl:shoppingList and sl:item tags output a shopping list to the response and are used as follows: 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. The tag handler for sl:shoppingList is ShoppingListTag and the tag handler for sl:item is ItemSimpleTag.ShoppingListTag extends BodyTagSupport and ItemSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport.Which is true?()A
ItemSimpleTag can find the enclosing instance of ShoppingListTag by calling getParent() and castingthe result to ShoppingListTag.B
ShoppingListTag can find the child instances of ItemSimpleTag by calling super.getChildren() andcasting each to an ItemSimpleTag.C
It is impossible for ItemSimpleTag and ShoppingListTag to find each other in a tag hierarchy becauseone is a Simple tag and the other is a Classic tag.D
ShoppingListTag can find the child instances of ItemSimpleTag by calling getChildren() on thePageContext and casting each to an ItemSimpleTag.E
ItemSimpleTag can find the enclosing instance of ShoppingListTag by calling findAncestorWithClass()on the PageContext and casting the result to ShoppingListTag.
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单选题For a child the first element in his learning by imitation is______.A
the need to find an authorityB
the need to find a way to achieve the desired resultC
the need for more affection from his parentsD
the desire to meet the standards of his social group
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问答题Only one other word can be made from all the letters of INSATIABLE. Can you find it?
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