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Passage 2 The current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our lives is nothing I couldever have imagined for me or my children. We were living in an environmental crisis, an air pollution emergency of unprecedented 1 . 2 it really means is that just to breathehere is to 3 a dangerous game with your health. 4 parents, what 5 us most are reports that children are at higher 6 because they breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Our pediatrician’s （儿科医师） medical 7 was simple: 8 the city 9 . We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are herebecause of my husband’s work. We know that for us, this is a 10 danger. 11 ,we can’t stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We can’t stop them frombreathing. But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures 12 on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city, 13 for economic opportunities Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and 14 live there. It’s a familiar sight: 15 parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel 16 complaining about my personal situation; we won’t be here long enough for our children to form the 17 thaw skies are colored only gray. The word “emergency” 18 the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to 19 that which we can’t change, or to mislead ourselves 20 believing we can adapt.1. A. quality B. severity C. intensity D. density2. A. Which B. Whatever C. How D. What3. A. act B. conduct C. perform D. play4. A. As B. Like C. With D. Unlike5. A. terrorizes B. fears C. interrupts D. suffers6. A. rate B. risk C. amount D. quantity7. A. recommendation B. reference C. diagnosis D. comment8. A. resign B. abandon C. forbid D. prohibit9. A. consistently B. persistently C. permanently D. unconditionally10. A. transient B. momentary C. temporary D. instant11. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Thus D. However12. A. decide B. depend C. revolve D. concentrate13. A. desperate B. fanatic C. insane D. furious14. A. fundamentally B. literally C. practically D. essentially15. A. since B. as C. now that D. if16. A. guilty B. reasonable C. rational D. conscientious17. A. impression B. suppression C. depression D. oppression18. A. supplies B. implies C. designates D. complies19. A. feel like B. dedicate to C. adapt to D. see to20. A. to B. for C. onto D. into
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更多 “问答题Passage 2 The current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our lives is nothing I couldever have imagined for me or my children. We were living in an environmental crisis, an air pollution emergency of unprecedented 1 . 2 it really means is that just to breathehere is to 3 a dangerous game with your health. 4 parents, what 5 us most are reports that children are at higher 6 because they breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Our pediatrician’s （儿科医师） medical 7 was simple: 8 the city 9 . We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are herebecause of my husband’s work. We know that for us, this is a 10 danger. 11 ,we can’t stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We can’t stop them frombreathing. But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures 12 on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city, 13 for economic opportunities Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and 14 live there. It’s a familiar sight: 15 parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel 16 complaining about my personal situation; we won’t be here long enough for our children to form the 17 thaw skies are colored only gray. The word “emergency” 18 the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to 19 that which we can’t change, or to mislead ourselves 20 believing we can adapt.1. A. quality B. severity C. intensity D. density2. A. Which B. Whatever C. How D. What3. A. act B. conduct C. perform D. play4. A. As B. Like C. With D. Unlike5. A. terrorizes B. fears C. interrupts D. suffers6. A. rate B. risk C. amount D. quantity7. A. recommendation B. reference C. diagnosis D. comment8. A. resign B. abandon C. forbid D. prohibit9. A. consistently B. persistently C. permanently D. unconditionally10. A. transient B. momentary C. temporary D. instant11. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Thus D. However12. A. decide B. depend C. revolve D. concentrate13. A. desperate B. fanatic C. insane D. furious14. A. fundamentally B. literally C. practically D. essentially15. A. since B. as C. now that D. if16. A. guilty B. reasonable C. rational D. conscientious17. A. impression B. suppression C. depression D. oppression18. A. supplies B. implies C. designates D. complies19. A. feel like B. dedicate to C. adapt to D. see to20. A. to B. for C. onto D. into” 相关考题
考题
I always have the dream to dance like a beautiful ballerina twirling around and around and hearing people applaud for me. When I was young, I would twirl around in the fields of wildflowers that grew in my backyard. For hours I would dance as if people were watching me. Reality woke me up when I heard a voice saying, I don’ know why you bother trying to dance. Ballerinas are pretty, slender little girls. Besides, you don’t have the talent to even be a ballerina. I remember how those words paralyzed every feeling in my body. I fell to the ground and wept for hours.We lived in the country by a nearby lake and I would sometimes go there.My parents were never home anyway and I did not like to be at home.When they were home, my mother just yelled and criticized because nothing was ever perfect in her life. She dreamed of a different life but ended up living in a country far away from the city where she believed her dreams would have come true.I enjoyed hanging out by the water. I would sit there and stare at my reflection. There I was, looked nothing like a pretty ballerina dancer.As I grew older, I began to realize that the reason my dream was even born in the first place, was because it was something that was inside of me. The dream I had was never nurtured and cared for, so it slowly died. It's not thatI wanted it to die, but I allowed it to die the day I started listening to the words, You can’t do it.When I finally woke up from many years of dreaming,I realized that you can’t settle for dancing in the wildflowers, you have to move on to the platform. I still go to the lake sometimes and sit there. Looking at my reflection is different now too. When I was young, I looked at how others saw me. Now that I am older and wiser, I look at how God sees me.(1)The article intends to ___________.A、show that dancing is suitable for the girlB、show how the girl failed in achieving her dreamC、tell us we should not be disturbed by othersD、tell us we should care and fulfill our dream(2)The tone of the article is ___________.A、encouragingB、sadC、hopefulD、disappointing(3)The voice mentioned indicates the girl is __________.A、physically unattractiveB、unfortunateC、poorD、smart(4)Why did the mother yell and criticize?A、Because she was not perfect.B、Because she didn't reach her dream.C、Because she lived in the countryside.D、Because she believed her dream had come true.(5)Which of the following statements is NOT true?A、The dream is a reflection of our inner desire.B、The writer is satisfied with dancing in the wildflowers.C、The writer never cared for her dream.D、The writer dreamed to be a ballerina.
考题
Dear Madam/Sir, I’m writing to claim for the insurance on my camera, which was stolen during my honeymoon last month in South America. It was mid-morning on 3 June. My wife and I were lying on the beach outside our hotel.A man came up to us to ask for directions. We had a small map of the island. As we were showing him our map, a group of children came along. We thought they were with the man who was asking directions. The children started to ask my wife some questions and she took their picture. The man sat down and talked to us while the children were playing nearby. As he was leaving, we realized that the children were not with him. Suddenly, one of them grabbed my wife抯 handbag and ran away along the beach. I chased him, and my wife followed me. The child dropped the bag, and so we got it back. We were walking back along the beach when we realized that we had left the camera behind. When we got back to our place, the camera was not there and nor were the rest of the children. The same day I reported the matter to the local police. I bought a replacement camera the next day and I enclose a receipt. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours faithfully, Tim Manning(1). The man came to us to ().A、 ask for the wayB、ask for some moneyC、tell us about his children(2). We thought the children ().A、 knew the man who was asking directionsB、wanted to ask for directionsC、didn’t know the man(3). My wife and I () the child who took away the handbag.A、 grabbedB、ran afterC、waited for(4). Our camera () when we came back to our place.A、 was still thereB、was broken by the other childrenC、was taken away by the other children(5). The writer of the letter wants the insurance company to ().A、 pay for their unlucky holidayB、report the theft to the policeC、give them insurance on their camera
考题
While I am on holiday, ring me at my hotel only if there are any ___ message for me.A、urgentB、costlyC、valuableD、emergency
考题
BLove, success, happiness, family and freedom----how important are these values to you? Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life.Question: Could you introduce yourself first?Answer: My name is Misbah, 27 years old. I was born in a war-torn area. Right now I’m a web designer.Q: What are your great memories?A: My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories.Q: Does your childhood mean a lot to you?A: Yes. As life was very hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. However, it taught me to deal with problems all alone. I learnt to be independent.Q: What changes would you like to make in your life?A: If I could change something in my life, I’d change it so that my childhood could have taken place in another area. I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn’t matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe.Q: How do your get along with your parents?A: My parents supported me until I came of age. I want to give back what I’ve got. That’s our way. But I am working in another city. My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters（过滤）out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch.60. In Misbah’s childhood, .A. he was free from worryB. he liked living in the countrysideC. he was fond of getting close to natureD. he often spent holidays with his family
考题
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and "too serious" about our stud- ies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:"Let's start with a train whistle today." We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, he was in despair and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.
For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in
~
a funny way, in the other's dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think : "Yes, I must tell..." We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist,who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
What is the best title for the passage?A. Unforgettable Experiences
B. Remarkable Imagination
C. Lifelong Friendship
D. Noble Companions
考题
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and "too serious" about our stud- ies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:"Let's start with a train whistle today." We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, he was in despair and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.
For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in
~
a funny way, in the other's dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think : "Yes, I must tell..." We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist,who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
In paragraph 3, "We gave London to each other" probably means__________.A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us
B. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London
C. our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared
D. we parted with each other in London
考题
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and "too serious" about our stud- ies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:"Let's start with a train whistle today." We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, he was in despair and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.
For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in
~
a funny way, in the other's dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think : "Yes, I must tell..." We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist,who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
In the darkest moments, the author would prefer toA. seek professional help
B. be left alone
C. stay with her best friend
D. break the silence
考题
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and "too serious" about our stud- ies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:"Let's start with a train whistle today." We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, he was in despair and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.
For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in
~
a funny way, in the other's dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think : "Yes, I must tell..." We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist,who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
According to paragraph 4, the author and her friend__________.A. call each other regularly
B. have similar personalities
C. enjoy writing to each other
D. dream of meeting each other
考题
When you are little,the whole world feels like a big playground.I was living in Conyers,Georgia the summer it all happened.I was a second grader,but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade.Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way.
It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie′s basement.As I opened the basement door,before us lay the biggest room,full of amazing things like guns,dolls,and old clothes.I ran downstairs,and spotted a red steel can.It was paint.I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple,orange,blue and green.
"Stephanie,I just found us a project,for the day.Get some paintbrushes.We are fixing to paint."She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work.We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard.There on the road in front of my house,we painted bit stripes（条纹）of colors across the pavement（人行道）.Stripe by stripe,our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow.It was fantastic!
The sun was starting to sink.I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car.It was my mother.I couldn′t wait to show her my masterpiece.The car pulled slowly into the drive way and from the look on my mother′s face,I could tell that I was in deep trouble.My mother shut the car door and walked towards me.Her eyes glaring,she shouted,"What in the world were you thinking?I understood when you made castles out of leaves,and climbed the neighbors′trees,but this!Come inside right now!"I stood there glaring back at her for a minute,angry because she had insulted（侮辱）my art.
"Now go to clean it up!"Mother and I began cleaning the road.Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.
Though years have now passed,I still wonder where my?rainbow?has gone.I wonder if,maybe when I get older,I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away.I guess we all need sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.
It can be learned from the passage that parents shouldA.encourage children to paint
B.value friendship among children
C.discover the hidden talent in children
D.protect rather than destroy children's dreams
考题
When you are little,the whole world feels like a big playground.I was living in Conyers,Georgia the summer it all happened.I was a second grader,but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade.Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way.
It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie′s basement.As I opened the basement door,before us lay the biggest room,full of amazing things like guns,dolls,and old clothes.I ran downstairs,and spotted a red steel can.It was paint.I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple,orange,blue and green.
"Stephanie,I just found us a project,for the day.Get some paintbrushes.We are fixing to paint."She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work.We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard.There on the road in front of my house,we painted bit stripes（条纹）of colors across the pavement（人行道）.Stripe by stripe,our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow.It was fantastic!
The sun was starting to sink.I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car.It was my mother.I couldn′t wait to show her my masterpiece.The car pulled slowly into the drive way and from the look on my mother′s face,I could tell that I was in deep trouble.My mother shut the car door and walked towards me.Her eyes glaring,she shouted,"What in the world were you thinking?I understood when you made castles out of leaves,and climbed the neighbors′trees,but this!Come inside right now!"I stood there glaring back at her for a minute,angry because she had insulted（侮辱）my art.
"Now go to clean it up!"Mother and I began cleaning the road.Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.
Though years have now passed,I still wonder where my?rainbow?has gone.I wonder if,maybe when I get older,I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away.I guess we all need sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.
What did the writer want to do when his mother came home?A.To introduce Stephanie to her.
B.To prevent her from seeing his painting.
C.To put the materials back in the yard.
D.To show his artwork to her.
考题
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that gointothe collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is 1 I became an animal collector in the first 2.The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos.According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any 3 was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”,4 the word “zoo”, which I would 5 over and over again with a shrill 6 until someone, ingroupsto 7 me up, would take me to the zoo.When I 8 a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 9 of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time 10 the countryside in search of fresh specimens to 11 to my collection of pets.12 on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student 13 , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,14 were not easy to keep at home.When I left, I 15 had enough money of my own to be able to 16 my first trip and I have been going 17 ever since then.Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of 18 ,it is certainly a job which will appeal 19 all those who love animals and 20.
请在2处填上正确答案（）A、regionB、fieldC、placeD、case
考题
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that gointothe collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is 1 I became an animal collector in the first 2.The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos.According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any 3 was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”,4 the word “zoo”, which I would 5 over and over again with a shrill 6 until someone, ingroupsto 7 me up, would take me to the zoo.When I 8 a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 9 of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time 10 the countryside in search of fresh specimens to 11 to my collection of pets.12 on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student 13 , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,14 were not easy to keep at home.When I left, I 15 had enough money of my own to be able to 16 my first trip and I have been going 17 ever since then.Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of 18 ,it is certainly a job which will appeal 19 all those who love animals and 20.
请在16处填上正确答案（）A、payB、provideC、allowD、finance
考题
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that gointothe collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is 1 I became an animal collector in the first 2.The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos.According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any 3 was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”,4 the word “zoo”, which I would 5 over and over again with a shrill 6 until someone, ingroupsto 7 me up, would take me to the zoo.When I 8 a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 9 of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time 10 the countryside in search of fresh specimens to 11 to my collection of pets.12 on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student 13 , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,14 were not easy to keep at home.When I left, I 15 had enough money of my own to be able to 16 my first trip and I have been going 17 ever since then.Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of 18 ,it is certainly a job which will appeal 19 all those who love animals and 20.
请在1处填上正确答案（）A、howB、whereC、whenD、whether
考题
单选题We know from this passage that over one hundred seventy years ago ______.A
no women worked outside their homesB
women were considered as children by the lawC
women cared nothing about how their family lives wereD
women were not allowed to decide how to spend their money or how to teach children
考题
单选题We had to submit our project without a bibliography, because listing our sources would have took Jose and I another day to complete.A
would have took Jose and IB
would have taken Jose and IC
would have taken Jose and meD
would have took Jose and meE
would be taking Jose and me
考题
单选题—I thought you were going to call on me last night. —Sorry, I would have, ______A
but I had to finish my homeworkB
but 1 would call you as soon as possibleC
I thought you were thereD
you would have taken me there
考题
问答题The Environment in Perspective:Is Everything Getting Steadily Worse? Much of the discussion of environmental problems in the popular press leaves the reader with the impression that matters have been growing steadily worse, and that pollution is largely a product of the profit system and modern industrialization. There are environmental problems today that are both enormous and pressing, but in fact pollution is nothing new. Medieval cities were pestholes—the streets and rivers were littered with garbage and the air stank of rotting wastes. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, a German traveler reported that to get a view of London from the tower of St. Paul’s, one had to get there very early in the morning “before the air was full of coal smoke.” Since 1960 there has been progress in solving some pollution problems, much of it the result of concerted efforts to protect the environment. The quality of the air in most Canadian cities has improved. In Toronto, for example, the concentration of suspended particulates, or soot, in the air has fallen dramatically since 1962. To put this figure in perspective, it should be noted that the current health advisory level for the index is 32. At a level of 58, people with chronic respiratory diseases may be affected. At 100, even healthy people may be affected by prolonged conditions, and those with cardiac and respiratory diseases could suffer severe effects Recently in Toronto, the index has exceeded 32 on fewer than half a dozen days annually. Similar improvements have occurred elsewhere in Canada and in other industrialized countries. Even the famous, or rather infamous, “fogs” of London are almost a thing of the past. There have been two high readings of particular note in the British capital in 1959 (when the index rose to 275 and there was a 10 percent increase over the normal number of deaths) and in 1962 (when the index rose to 575 and there was a 20 percent increase in mortality). But more recently, London’s, cleaner air has resulted in an astounding 50 percent increase in the number of hours of winter sunshine. In short, pollution problems are not a uniquely modem phenomenon, nor is every part of the environment deteriorating relentlessly. Environmental problems do not occur exclusively in capitalist economies. For example, in the People’s Republic of China, coal soot from factory smokestacks in Beijing envelops the city in a thick black haze. Similarly, smoke from brown-coal furnaces pollutes the air almost everywhere in Eastern Europe. It has been estimated that a third of Poland’s citizens live in areas of “ecological disaster”. The citizens of Leipzig, a major industrial city in what was formerly East Germany, have a life expectancy a full six years shorter than the national average. However, we do not mean to suggest that all is well with the environment in market-oriented economies or that there is nothing more to do. While there have been some improvements, serious problems remain. Our world is now subject to a number of new pollutants, most of which are far more dangerous than those we have reduced, even though they may be less visible and less malodorous While environmental problems are neither new nor confined only to capitalist, industrialized economies, these facts are not legitimate grounds for complacency. The potential damage that we are inflicting on ourselves and on our surroundings is very real and very substantial.
考题
问答题In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully, and then complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the blanks. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Everyone knows about pollution in the environment. Water, air, and land are all polluted. This means that pollution is everywhere. Now, scientists are looking inside our bodies to find out about internal pollution. In 2003, the Environmental Working Group studied nine people to measure the chemicals in their bodies. These nine people had an average of 53 cancer-causing chemicals in their bodies. They also had an average of 62 chemicals that can damage the brain, and 55 that can harm babies in pregnant women. Even though a lot of chemicals were found in human bodies, the chemicals were found in small amounts. The amounts were small enough that they were probably not hurting the people. However, scientists are worried because most of these chemicals were created by humans. Most of these chemicals did not exist 75 years ago. This proves that we have not only polluted the world—we have polluted our own bodies! How does this pollution get into our bodies? We come into contact with many chemicals every day. For example, everyone uses soap, skin lotion, and shampoo. However, few people know that these products contain harmful chemicals, some of which may cause memory loss. Chemicals known as DEA (diethanolamine) and TEA (triethanolamine) may seep into the skin and stop us from absorbing a helpful nutrient called “choline”. Choline is a nutrient that plays a crucial role in the memory cell making process in the developing brain. Some people worry that every time we wash our hair, we are decreasing our memories. Everyone knows they should brush their teeth regularly, but recent research has shown that some toothpastes can cause cancer. Fluoride is a key ingredient in many toothpastes. However, studies show that fluoride does not really protect our teeth. In fact, fluoride has been connected with bone cancer and other diseases. While we are trying to save our smiles, we could be damaging our health. Women are probably exposed to more chemicals than men because they use more beauty products. Recently, harmful chemicals have been found in nail polish, hair spray, deodorant, and perfume. The chemicals are called “phthalates”. Studies on animals have shown that phthalates can damage the liver, the kidneys, and the lungs. Cosmetic companies say the amounts of phthalates in their products are safe, but consumer protection groups disagree. They say some women use so many products that the levels are actually high. So, the more women try to look beautiful, the more they could be harming their health. In a futuristic story by Ray Bradbury, a man found a pristine stream on a new planet. When he drank from the stream, he died! Why? His body was so polluted that pure water was a poison to him! Perhaps that is only science fiction, but it reminds us to take care of our bodies. We must find ways to reduce the pollution we absorb. Summary: Like our polluted environment, our bodies are no longer pollution-free. Scientists now know that there is pollution in our bodies. On 1 , we have 53 cancer-causing chemicals in our bodies. Even fluoride 2 with bone cancer and other diseases. Some common cosmetics contain small amounts of chemicals, which seep into our 3 when we use these products. They prevent us from absorbing the 4 our bodies need. So, it is 5 that we find ways to reduce the amount of chemicals in our bodies. We should remind our friends and families to take care of their bodies.
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