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单选题
This year's sales in many companies were lower than （）.
A
lat year's
B
which of last year's
C
last year
D
in last year
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CYBER MONDAY CLICKS IN WITH RECORD SALES Cyber Monday rocked while mobile sales roared. The day widely regarded as the Super Bowl of online sales created a record day for retailers, including Walmart, and marked a shift in shopping preferences as smartphones and tablets drove nearly a third of traffic — and for some retailers, more than half.? W expects to register its biggest Cyber Monday yet, coming off a record Black Friday weekend online. Heading into the afternoon Monday, the website had already sold out of PlayStation 4 and Xbox One consoles, which weren't even discounted. Significant savings on TVs and tablets also encouraged shopping, says Joel Anderson, CEO of W. Retailers from Target to Sears are fast evolving Cyber Monday into something more akin to Cyber Week, as online deals stretch well beyond Monday. As of 6 p.m. ET, sales on Amazon were up 44.3% over last year, while sales at eBay were up 32.1%, according to Channel Advisor, which tracks third-party sellers on eBay and Amazon. The online marketplaces are doing well in part because shoppers are heading to those sites to find popular products that are selling out at regular retailers, says Scot Wingo, CEO of Channel Advisor. Flash-sale site Rue La La started Cyber Monday deals on Sunday with a “Cyberthon” that drew more than 350,000 people to the site. The sale promoted as much as 80% off on more than 150 brands. On Monday, sales of Cole Haan and Pandora Jewelry merchandise were strongest, CEO Steve Davis says.1. Retailers used mobile devices and drove nearly a third of traffic, or even more than half to online shopping. As we know that doesn't belong to the mobile device.()A. tabletsB. smartphonesC. personal computer2. PlayStation 4 and Xbox One consoles were sold out on the afternoon Monday although they weren't even discounted.()A. eBB. WC. A3. According to sales on Amazon were up 44.3% over last year, while sales at eBay were up 32.1%.()A. WalmartB. Rue La LaC. Channel Advisor4. Cyber Monday deals on Sunday with a “Cyberthon” that drew more than people to the site. ()A. 350,000B. 35,000C. 3,500,0005. We can infer from the passage _____ isn't an online retailer. ()A. SearsB. Channel AdvisorC. Walmart
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many u.s. products were not only inferior to __________ pricier than those offered by other nations.
A. evenB. becauseC. butD. and
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This year’s June 18 shopping carnival promoted the sales of smartphones because the prices were the lowest in the whole year.()
此题为判断题(对，错)。
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how many children were there in an irish family on average in the 1950s and 1960s?A. Around 5.B. More than 8.C. One.D. 2 or 3.
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There are many sales this season，during which stores will lower their______prices.A．normalB．generalC．ordinaryD．usual
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Section B – TWO questions ONLY to be attemptedPerkin manufactures electronic components for export worldwide, from factories in Ceeland, for use in smartphones and hand held gaming devices. These two markets are supplied with similar components by two divisions, Phones Division (P) and Gaming Division (G). Each division has its own selling, purchasing, IT and research and development functions, but separate IT systems. Some manufacturing facilities, however, are shared between the two divisions.Perkin’s corporate objective is to maximise shareholder wealth through innovation and continuous technological improvement in its products. The manufacturers of smartphones and gaming devices, who use Perkin’s components, update their products frequently and constantly compete with each other to launch models which are technically superior.Perkin has a well-established incremental budgeting process. Divisional managers forecast sales volumes and costs months in advance of the budget year. These divisional budgets are then scrutinised by the main board, and revised significantly by them in line with targets they have set for the business. The finalised budgets are often approved after the start of the accounting year. Under pressure to deliver consistent returns to institutional shareholders, the board does not tolerate failure by either division to achieve the planned net profit for the year once the budget is approved. Last year’s results were poor compared to the annual budget. Divisional managers, who are appraised on the financial performance of their own division, have complained about the length of time that the budgeting process takes and that the performance of their divisions could have been better but was constrained by the budgets which were set for them.In P Division, managers had failed to anticipate the high popularity of a new smartphone model incorporating a large screen designed for playing games, and had not made the necessary technical modifications to the division’s own components. This was due to the high costs of doing so, which had not been budgeted for. Based on the original sales forecast, P Division had already committed to manufacturing large quantities of the existing version of the component and so had to heavily discount these in order to achieve the planned sales volumes.A critical material in the manufacture of Perkin’s products is silver, which is a commodity which changes materially in price according to worldwide supply and demand. During the year supplies of silver were reduced significantly for a short period of time and G Division paid high prices to ensure continued supply. Managers of G Division were unaware that P Division held large inventories of silver which they had purchased when the price was much lower.Initially, G Division accurately forecasted demand for its components based on the previous years’ sales volumes plus the historic annual growth rate of 5%. However, overall sales volumes were much lower than budgeted. This was due to a fire at the factory of their main customer, which was then closed for part of the year. Reacting to this news, managers at G Division took action to reduce costs, including closing one of the three RD facilities in the division.However, when the customer’s factory reopened, G Division was unwilling to recruit extra staff to cope with increased demand; nor would P Division re-allocate shared manufacturing facilities to them, in case demand increased for its own products later in the year. As a result, Perkin lost the prestigious preferred supplier status from their main customer who was unhappy with G Division’s failure to effectively respond to the additional demand. The customer had been forced to purchase a more expensive, though technically superior, component from an alternative manufacturer.The institutional shareholders’ representative, recently appointed to the board, has asked you as a performance management expert for your advice. ‘We need to know whether Perkin’s budgeting process is appropriate for the business, and how this contributed to last year’s poor performance’, she said, ‘and more importantly, how do we need to change the process to prevent this happening in the future, such as a move to beyond budgeting.’Required:(a) Evaluate the weaknesses in Perkin’s current budgeting system and whether it is suitable for the environment in which Perkin operates. (13 marks)(b) Evaluate the impact on Perkin of moving to beyond budgeting. (12 marks)
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It can be inferred from the passage that early historians of women’s labor in the United States paid little attention to women’s employment in the service sector of the economy because________．A．fewer women found employment in the service sector than in factory workB．the wages paid to workers in the service sector were much lower than those paid in the industrial sectorC．women’s employment in the service sector tended to be much more short—term than in factory workD．employment in the service sector seemed to have much in common with the unpaid work associated with homemaking
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Which statement is NOT true?A．Most callers are girl students．B．There are only a few callers every time．C．The students’ phones show that many parents failed in properly handling their children’ s problems．D．This special phone line has been in service for more than a year
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On an annual （ ）, house prices in Scotland are now only 1% lower than they were a year ago, but they are 8% down in Northern Ireland.A.plan
B.object
C.found
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考题
This year's sales in many companies were lower than （）.A、lat year'sB、which of last year'sC、last yearD、in last year
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单选题This year's sales in many companies were lower than （）.A
lat year'sB
which of last year'sC
last yearD
in last year
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单选题The teacher-student _____ in China’s universities is much lower than that in the U.S.A
rateB
rankC
ratioD
range
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单选题In a planned economy it was often difficult to secure spare parts, ______.A
so many companies manufacture them all by themselvesB
so many companies have to stop the production lines while waitingC
so many companies place large orders for emergenciesD
so many companies feel quite headache about this problem
考题
单选题How many people were taken to hospital?A
Less than twelve.B
More than twelve.C
About fifty.
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单选题In order to meet the steady demand of the market, the factory has turned out ______A
twice more TV sets this year as last yearB
TV sets this year twice as many as last yearC
twice as many TV sets this year as last yearD
TV sets twice more this year than last year
考题
单选题The temperatures are somewhat lower than the average temperature in May this year.A
ratherB
veryC
a littleD
less
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单选题What does the graph show?A
The sales figures of an industryB
The trading volume of a company’s sharesC
The forecast of the next fiscal year’s profitsD
The effect of a new product on a company’s sales
考题
单选题Spring tides are tides that（）.A
have lows lower than normal and highs higher than normalB
have lows higher than normal and highs lower than normalC
are unpredictableD
occur in the spring of the year
考题
问答题Practice 4 In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because businesspeople typically know what product they’re looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier,” says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research.
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单选题One of the biggest threats to a company’s productivity is absenteeism. Studies have shown that companieswith in-house childcare programs see fewer absences among their employees who are parents than companies without such programs. Therefore, many companies could boost their productivity by starting in-house childcare programs. Which of the following, if true, most weakens the above argument?A
Companies that reimburse outside childcare programs actually see less absenteeism among working parents than companies within·house programs.B
In-house childcare programs create distractions for nonparents that cart harm their productivity.C
Absenteeism is not a serious problem for companies that impose harsh penalties on employees who miss work.D
Studies have shown that employees with children are more likely than those without children to remain in the same job for more than five years.E
Potential employees generally view companies with in-house childcare programs as more desirable places to work than companies without such programs.
考题
单选题It seems obvious that you don"t give away your product for free but this is exactly what indie rock group The Crimea did earlier this year. The band"s reasoning goes like this: more people will download the free album than would pay for it. Therefore more people will heat. The Crimea"s music. These people will then pay money for concerts by the band and perhaps buy a T-shirt or other merchandise. If the band play regular concerts to crowds of 200 or 300 people they can make more money than they would from sales of a CD. There will always be some people who want something they can hold in their hands so they will release the CD into the shops too—but making money through sales of their music isn"t the top priority.
The story illustrates the creative thinking going on in the music business in response to dramatic changes over the last few years in the way that people buy music. Sales of music digitally—to computer, phones and MP3 players rose to $2 billion in 2006—an increase of almost 100 percent on the previous year—yet overall record company sales are down. People are simply not buying CDs in record shops in anything like the numbers they used to.
This trend looks set to continue, so the big question for the music industry is whether they can successfully manage the move to being primarily a digital industry without profits falling to unacceptable levels.
There are both positive and negative signs. On the plus side, more and more people are buying music on mobile phones, which allows people to make impulse purchases—they can buy a song as soon as they hear it. Research by the UK mobile operator 3 suggested that 75 percent of 16 to 24-year-olds wanted to buy a track they liked as soon as they heard it. With so much competition for people"s disposable income, a product that you can sell immediately is a big advantage.
The bad news for record companies, however, is the amount of music that is downloaded illegally. Piracy—usually in the form of cheaply copied CD—has long been an issue for the music business but the Internet means music can be copied and distributed freely through file-sharing sites on a large scale than ever before.
It is this situation that leads bands to start giving away their music for free and promises to make the next few years a very interesting time in the music business.What is true about sales of music over the last yearA
Overall, sales are up last year.B
Overall, sales are down last year.C
There is no change compared to previous sales.D
It is not mentioned in the passage.
考题
单选题Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _____.A
there were not modern machinesB
there was no modern medicineC
both A and BD
there were not many people
考题
单选题Sales growth at Medico plc is 1.8% this year, compared to an earlier forecast of 2.5%.The company’s sales growth for this year isA
lower than expectedB
the same as expectedC
higher than expected
考题
问答题Practice 2How to Find the Right International Partners The practical business of finding highly productive agents/distributors and joint ventures in the foreign market for many still remains an enigma. Often, U.S. companies are relying on luck instead of strategy in identifying their international representation. Many companies get into exporting almost by happenstance: most export sales are simply a spin-off from domestic contracts. Similarly, most agent and distributor relationships are born from random inquiries or chance meetings at trade shows. When asked-how they obtained their international representation, many companies have no recollection whatsoever of how or why the relationship began. Strange as it may seem, the same is true of joint venture relationships. With the growing use of the Internet, one could be fooled into thinking the odds of success in finding that elusive, top-performing trade partner will be increased. The key is to remember at all times that promotional materials are not stand-alone, clean “information”. The Internet can be used to provide indicators of activity and reach; however, these benefits in no way eliminate the more conventional, strategic wisdom that highly successful international sales organizations, in one way or another, employ. Surprisingly, this hit-and-miss approach to international expansion is not exclusive to small-and medium-sized companies. Many well-recognized large companies spin the same wheel of chance. Experienced international executives and substantial budgets for foreign expansion will contribute to success, given the right opportunities. The problem is that the “right opportunities” are rarely “given.” However, you may find your “right opportunities” by focusing on your international objectives and by defining your ideal international partners. If you consider export sales to be nothing more than “icing on the cake”, then that’s all, they will ever be. Treat international business relationships with the same degree of attention and care as you do your domestic ones. Avoid a soft, non-pragmatic approach to foreign trade partners. Low expectations born of previous poor performance by agents and distributors have led many companies to settle for figures that in no way reflect a meaningful market share. Don’t accept underperformance and mediocrity from your international representatives. Many companies partner with the first seemingly viable company that expresses interest in representing them. Invariably, this is a mistake. When agents and distributors emerge from nowhere and stand alone without comparison, they will always appear to be “golden opportunities”. Avoid the pressure of hasty decisions by taking the time to identify and write down. What you consider to be the essential qualities of a top-performing trade partner.
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