网友您好, 请在下方输入框内输入要搜索的题目:

题目内容 (请给出正确答案)
Cats are creatures of habit.They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time.They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep.
Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps(打盹).Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit.Cat naps help to build up energy in the body.They are also a good way to get rid of trouble!Since cats have the same moods(情绪)as humans,some experts behave that people can improve their moods.People might become happier.
A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day.The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes.
Winston Churchill took cat naps.So did Presidents Harry Truman,John F.Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson.These famous men were known for their energy.They were also able to work long hours,often into the night.Napping was their secret.
Perhaps more people learn from cats and take naps to feel better and live longer!

This selection was probably written to__________.

A.show how lazy cats are
B.talk about the habits of cats
C.tell about famous people and their habits
D.persuade people to take naps

参考答案

参考解析
解析:考情点拨:推理判断题。应试指导:全文讲述打盹的好处,所以本文的目的是劝人们学会打盹。

更多 “Cats are creatures of habit.They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time.They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps(打盹).Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit.Cat naps help to build up energy in the body.They are also a good way to get rid of trouble!Since cats have the same moods(情绪)as humans,some experts behave that people can improve their moods.People might become happier. A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day.The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps.So did Presidents Harry Truman,John F.Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson.These famous men were known for their energy.They were also able to work long hours,often into the night.Napping was their secret. Perhaps more people learn from cats and take naps to feel better and live longer! This selection was probably written to__________.A.show how lazy cats are B.talk about the habits of cats C.tell about famous people and their habits D.persuade people to take naps” 相关考题
考题 Passage OneAnimals have different ways of protecting themselves against wintertime weather. Some animals grow heavy coats of fur or feathers, while others dig into the ground to find a warm wintertime home.Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep they avoid the time of the year when food is scarce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation.There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals release a chemical that starts them hibernating.One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice.Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season asleep. Bears, for example, can easily be awakened from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators.Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Others do not.36. Hibernation is a seasonal practice. This means it ______.A. takes place only during a particular seasonB. occurs only during the nightC. is a daily practiceD. only happens when a species becomes over-populated

考题 Passage FiveMany superstitious people are afraid of black cats. They believe that black cats have a strange power. If a black cat crosses their path, they think they will have bad luck.Black cats haven't always had such a bad reputation. Long ago, the Egyptians thought that black cats were holy animals. They even worshipped them. Pasht was an Egyptian goddess who had a woman's body and a cat's head. Because the Egyptians had so much respect for black cats, they often buried the sacred creatures with great ceremony. Mummies of cats have often been found in ancient cemetery ruins. To keep the cats company after they died, mice were sometimes buried beside them.Feelings about black cats have always been strong. People have thought they were either very good or very bad. The people of Europe, in the Middle Ages, believed black cats were the evil friends of witches and the Devil. Witches were said to have the power to change themselves into black cats. People believed that you could not tell whether a black cat was just a cat, or whether it was a witch disguising herself as she plotted some evil scheme. The brain of a black cat was thought to be a main ingredient in witch's brew.Unlike their ancestors of the Middle Ages, Englishmen today consider black cats to be good luck charms. Fishermen's wives often keep a black cat around so that their husbands will be protected when they are out at sea.52. The Egyptian goddess Pasht had a ______.A. woman's head and a cat's bodyB. woman's head and a lion's bodyC. cat's head and a man's bodyD. woman's body and a cat's head

考题 Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors(探测器)to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to the evolutionary(进化的)theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny(否认)that sleep provides some important restorative functions(恢复功能). It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform. those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into;it does not protect us form. trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory explains the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival(生存)depends on their ability to run away from attackers.1. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us _____.A. the differences between robots and menB. the reason why men need to sleepC. about the need for robots to save powerD. about the danger of men working at night2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him _____.A. keep up a regular pattern of lifeB. prevent trouble that comes looking for himC. avoid danger and inefficient labourD. restore his bodily functions3. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.A. are worrying about our safetyB. are overworkedC. are in a tentD. are away from home4. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.A. need more time for restorationB. are unlikely to be attackersC. are more alive than horses when they are awakeD. spend less time eating to get enough energy5. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? _____A. Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.B. The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.C. Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.D. The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.

考题 We have two cats at home.One is named Milo and the other Mamma.Milo is a boy cat.Boy cats are calledToms.We think that Mamma is Milo s mother.That is why we gave her the name Mamma.We didn t buy Milo or Mamma.They were stray cats and didn’t have anywhere to live.They started coming into our garden.They did not look very heal thy.So we started giving them milk.Then they started coming into the house.So we adopted them.Because he didn t have a home when he was a kitten.Milo is not very fit.We have to take him to the vet once every three months for a special in jection.They have lived with us now for 5 years.21.Sarah got the cats()A.before she moved into her houseB.after she moved into the houseC.when she moved into the house22.Sarah thinks()A.Milo is a boyB.both cats are boysC.both cats are girls23.Mamma was named‘ Mammabecause()A.Sarah likes the nameB.she is a girlC.they think she is Milo’s mother24.Milo and Mamma were()A.free to getB.cheap to getC.expensive to get25.Milo is not very fit because()A.he visits the vet for an injectionB.was a strayC.he is old now

考题 Did you sleep well last night? Maybe many people will answer No.In fact, in the world about one in three people do not have good sleep.(1) you say you do not have good sleep, it means waking early and not getting back to sleep, of ten interrupted short period of sleep, or hours or wakefulness.You (2) get tired, worried, and anxious.Your menory and ability to remember things will be affectedThen what should you do when you have the trouble? Do not worry about it too much.First, let' s see whether you can sleep yourself.The ways are as follows:First,(3)that your bedroom isn' t too cold or too hot Keep it dark aha quiet.Second, check your lifestyle.:Do not drink tea, coffee, cola or chocolate four hours before going to bed.Drink less liquid so that you can have no or fewer visits to the toiletSet your body clock well by getting up and going to bed he fixed time every day.You (4) take any day time naps.Develop a relaxing bedt ime habit.Read or listen to music.then take a warm bath.If you really can not sleep, try some bread, rice or mil.They will help you fall asleep.Go for a daily walk.Natural light helps you to put your body clock into correct habits,(5) do exercise outdoors if you can.Forget the worries of the day.Write down any worries,thoughts or uestions before you go to bed.With these written down, you will have less to think about and your sleep will become easier.(完型填空)A.Make sureB.MayC.IfD.Had betterE.So

考题 共用题干 第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families(在家族中世代相传)and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed(紧张).If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary(骇人的)for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions(预防措施)should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.Sleepwalkers usually go back to bed__________.A:after waking upB:after being woken upC:with the help of othersD:by themselves

考题 共用题干 第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families(在家族中世代相传)and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed(紧张).If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary(骇人的)for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions(预防措施)should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.When does sleepwalking usually occur?A:During active sleep.B:During deep sleep.C:In the daytime.D:In the early morning.

考题 共用题干 SleeplessnessInsomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause .In-somnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you .For women who are having night sweats,their sleep is broken by frequent a-wakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns .If it doesn't it may be,or have become chronic insomnia. How do you know?if you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If you're not having night sweats then it's time to look for other causes of sleep-lessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care provider. Movement disor- ders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them,there are new med-icines that may help. Other common causes are shift working,and pain.In up to 30%of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified.Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills.It is estimated that 25% of the adult popu- lation in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleep-ing pills should only be in the lowest dose and for the shortest possible time.Sleep hygiene is directed at changing bad sleep habits.The recommendations are:-Go to bed only when sleepy.-Do not wait up to a specified time.-Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening,etc. Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene?A: Changing bad sleep habits and following doctors' advice.B: Trying not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening.C: Going to bed when sleepy,not always at the same time.D: Making a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.

考题 共用题干 第三篇SleeplessnessInsomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause.Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats,their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not re- freshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns.If it doesn't it may be,or have become chronic insomnia. How do you know?If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia.If you're not having night sweats then it's time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depressionand anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care provider. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them,there are new medicines that may help.Other common causes are shift work- ing,and pain.In up to 30%of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified.Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills.It is estimated that 25% of the adult population in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose and for the shortest possible time.Sleep hygiene is directed at changing bad sleep habits.The recommendations are:一Go to bed only when sleepy. Do not wait up to a specilized time. Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening,etc.Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene?A:Make a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.B:Go to bed when sleepy,not always at the same time.C:Try not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening.D:Change bed sleep habits and follow doctors' advice.

考题 共用题干 Owls and Larks1 In this article,we look at the importance of sleep for learning. Most healthy adults need eight or more hours of sleep. But why do we need sleep in the first place?We need sleep for the brain to get a chance to rebuild memories stored during the day and associate these with previously learned things. If this process is interrupted by,say,the sound of an alarm clock,it may not be as effective. So if your sleep is cut short by the alarm clock,how dama- ging is it?The truth is that it's difficult to predict,as so much depends on how much sleep your body actually needs on that particular occasion.2 The popular belief that people are naturally either larks(early risers)or owls is false. The reason why people tend to be one or the other has more to do with lifestyle,age,and personality. Many people who appear to be early birds may have just become so through hab- it,for example,parents with very young children. Teenagers can have difficulty falling asleep until late at night and then they naturally have problems getting up the following morning.3 The main reason why owls are owls is that they tend to spend their time over a book, movie,or computer game till the early hours of the morning. They enjoy the quiet of the night when they can pursue their passion. On the other hand,larks can make better use of early morning hours where they can study in quiet at the time when their brains are most refreshed. So which is better for learning一an owl's or a lark's lifestyle?The simple truth is that it is more complex than simply being one or the other. Leading a well-balanced life in terms of work and play and sleeping enough to bring maximum refreshment is probably the secret.4 As for naps, experts on insomnia(失眠)argue against taking naps, as these may keep people up at night. If your nap lasts only five minutes to half an hour and does not affect your ability to fall asleep in the night,it will probably help you be more alert in evening hours.However,if you are having problems getting to sleep at night,it's not only naps that you should avoid. Try not to drink a lot of alcohol, take nicotine(尼古丁) , do mentally intense activities like preparing for exams or doing exercise in the evening. Some people swear that drinking coffee never stops them from sleeping like a log,whereas others will never go near the stuff for fear of being awake all night. However,the best advice for most is to avoid it in the evening,and if you drink coffee before a nap,remember you are likely to awaken as soon as the caffeine starts kicking in.Sleep helps brain to______.A: sleep enough to bring most refreshmentB: keep away from coffee in the eveningC: stay up till the early hours of the morningD: get up quite earlyE: store memories in the brainF: rebuild memories stored during the day

考题 共用题干 Owls and Larks1 In this article,we look at the importance of sleep for learning. Most healthy adults need eight or more hours of sleep. But why do we need sleep in the first place?We need sleep for the brain to get a chance to rebuild memories stored during the day and associate these with previously learned things. If this process is interrupted by,say,the sound of an alarm clock,it may not be as effective. So if your sleep is cut short by the alarm clock,how dama- ging is it?The truth is that it's difficult to predict,as so much depends on how much sleep your body actually needs on that particular occasion.2 The popular belief that people are naturally either larks(early risers)or owls is false. The reason why people tend to be one or the other has more to do with lifestyle,age,and personality. Many people who appear to be early birds may have just become so through hab- it,for example,parents with very young children. Teenagers can have difficulty falling asleep until late at night and then they naturally have problems getting up the following morning.3 The main reason why owls are owls is that they tend to spend their time over a book, movie,or computer game till the early hours of the morning. They enjoy the quiet of the night when they can pursue their passion. On the other hand,larks can make better use of early morning hours where they can study in quiet at the time when their brains are most refreshed. So which is better for learning一an owl's or a lark's lifestyle?The simple truth is that it is more complex than simply being one or the other. Leading a well-balanced life in terms of work and play and sleeping enough to bring maximum refreshment is probably the secret.4 As for naps, experts on insomnia(失眠)argue against taking naps, as these may keep people up at night. If your nap lasts only five minutes to half an hour and does not affect your ability to fall asleep in the night,it will probably help you be more alert in evening hours.However,if you are having problems getting to sleep at night,it's not only naps that you should avoid. Try not to drink a lot of alcohol, take nicotine(尼古丁) , do mentally intense activities like preparing for exams or doing exercise in the evening. Some people swear that drinking coffee never stops them from sleeping like a log,whereas others will never go near the stuff for fear of being awake all night. However,the best advice for most is to avoid it in the evening,and if you drink coffee before a nap,remember you are likely to awaken as soon as the caffeine starts kicking in.It is good advice for most people to______.A: sleep enough to bring most refreshmentB: keep away from coffee in the eveningC: stay up till the early hours of the morningD: get up quite earlyE: store memories in the brainF: rebuild memories stored during the day

考题 Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too. The factors affecting people's sleep time do not include____A.the social environment they live in B.their individual habit C.the assignment they would do with friends D.the dramatic books they are immersed in

考题 Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too. From the discussion about moming,we can infer that____A.9-to-5 workday is not welcomed by most people B.most teenagers wake up too late to school C.what is the best time to get up is still uncertain D.school children are notorious for going to bed too late

考题 Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too. The paper published by the professors from University ofMichigan shows that____A.many people use smartphones before going to sleep B.the countries where people live may decide when they get up C.Japanese go to bed later and wake up later D.people in some European countries enjoy longer sleep time

考题 Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too. The word"chronotype"(Para.2)is closest in meaning to_____A.the sleep cycle that body would naturally prefer B.the time people would like to wake up C.the bedtime people choose for themselves D.how long people sleep everyday

考题 Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too. In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focus on____A.what sleep patterns people have in different countries B.the impact of culture on people's sleep C.whether it is influential to read books before sleep D.how many choices people have on bedtime

考题 Power Napping is Good f the I.Q. Today we hear me me about the imptance of getting enoughsleep—about eight hours a night. Sleep can help heal give energy toboth the body the brain. ____1____ It seems almost certain that the thirdof our lives that we spend asleep has a great effect on the two-thirds that weare awake. Sleep affects our emotions, memy, focus, behavi. Studies show that people in developed countries spend less timeasleep me time at wk commuting. Dr. Karine Spiegel, at theUniversity of Chicago, has found that the average length of sleep has gone downfrom nine hours a night in 1910 to seven--a-half hours a night today.However, our bodies cannot function well without enough sleep. ____2____Accding to Canadian scientist Dr. Stanley Cen, every hour of lost sleep at nightcauses us to lose one I.Q. point the next day. F example, when someone getsonly five six hours of sleep each night f a week, the person’s I.Q. couldgo down 15 points me. ____3____ Most sleep experts say that humans need at least eight hours ofsleep every day, but it should be in two stages: a long sleep at night ashter nap in the afternoon. Some companies help their employees follow thisadvice. ____4____ They say this makes the wkers much me efficient. To study sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep), scientistsuse a test called the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). During the test, aperson stays in a darkened, quiet room during the daytime. Scientists believethat a sleep-deprived person will fall asleep quickly. If it takes ten minutes longer to fall asleep, the person is probably getting enough sleep. Scientists have also found that the time of year seems to affect howmuch sleep we need. ____5____ However, in the summer, people sometimes sleep aslittle as six hours, without having any problems.   词汇: emotion n. 情绪 commuting n. 乘公交车上下班,通勤 I.Q. n. 智商(全称为intelligent quotient) deprivation n. 剥夺,匮乏 Sleep Latency Test n. 睡眠潜伏期   注释: 1.have/has an effect on... 对……有效果的 2.go down from... to...从………降至……   练习: A.They allow them to “power nap” in the afternoon, if only f 20 minutes. B.Losing just one two hours of sleep a night, over a long period oftime, can cause serious health problems. C.People usually sleep longer in the winter, sometimes as much as 14hours a night. D.People in power are me intelligent because they take naps. E.Medical experts now believe that sleep is even me imptant fhealth than diet exercise. F.That’s why, without enough sleep, a nmally intelligent person may startto have difficulty doing daily tasks.

考题 Cats are creatures of habit.They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time.They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps(打盹).Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit.Cat naps help to build up energy in the body.They are also a good way to get rid of trouble!Since cats have the same moods(情绪)as humans,some experts behave that people can improve their moods.People might become happier. A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day.The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps.So did Presidents Harry Truman,John F.Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson.These famous men were known for their energy.They were also able to work long hours,often into the night.Napping was their secret. Perhaps more people learn from cats and take naps to feel better and live longer! Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.People should take their naps secretly. B.Cats have the same moods as people. C.Some famous people take cat naps. D.Some people have full energy after they take cat naps.

考题 Cats are creatures of habit.They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time.They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps(打盹).Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit.Cat naps help to build up energy in the body.They are also a good way to get rid of trouble!Since cats have the same moods(情绪)as humans,some experts behave that people can improve their moods.People might become happier. A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day.The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps.So did Presidents Harry Truman,John F.Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson.These famous men were known for their energy.They were also able to work long hours,often into the night.Napping was their secret. Perhaps more people learn from cats and take naps to feel better and live longer! Taking cat naps__________.A.will make a person lazy and tired B.is a bad habit C.will make people feel better D.can help people become famous

考题 Cats are creatures of habit.They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time.They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps(打盹).Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit.Cat naps help to build up energy in the body.They are also a good way to get rid of trouble!Since cats have the same moods(情绪)as humans,some experts behave that people can improve their moods.People might become happier. A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day.The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps.So did Presidents Harry Truman,John F.Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson.These famous men were known for their energy.They were also able to work long hours,often into the night.Napping was their secret. Perhaps more people learn from cats and take naps to feel better and live longer! Naps usually last__________.A.three hours B.less than half an hour C.forty-five minutes D.fifty-five minutes

考题 问答题Practice 1  Are you a real grump (脾气坏的人) in the mornings? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and all too ready to flit the snooze (瞌睡) button? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.  The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before waking you up, Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed (恢复精力) every morning.  As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states—light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep (快速眼动睡眼)—that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being wakened during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest.  SleepSmart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped with electrodes (电极) and a microprocessor. This measures electric activity of the wearer’s brain, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then at the proper time wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.  The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. “As sleep-deprived (剥夺) people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,” says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. They have almost finished a prototype and plan to market the product by next year.

考题 单选题Why can all the astronauts sleep at the same time?A They have to follow the same timetableB The radio will take care of the aircraft for them.C There are enough sleeping bags in the spacecraft.D There is no need for them to watch over the spacecraft.

考题 单选题Passage 1People often complained about not gettinga good night's sleep, but sleep patterns differ from person to person. Most adults require six to eight hours of sleep to function well, while others survive on only a few hours. Still, most people today think of sleep as one continuous period of downtime. This is not the way people used to sleep. According to researchers in earlier times, people divided sleep by first sleep a few hours, waking up, then going back to sleep.Before the 18th century, people had no gas or electricity in their homes. Fire, candles, or oil lamps were the common forms of lighting. This lack of artificial lighting in homes contributed to people's sleep patterns. It made sense for people to go to bed early. If you live in this time period, you might be a hard-working farmer, and you would come home, eat and quickly fall into bed exhausted. You would probably go to sleep at 9:00 or 10:00 P.M. In this first period of sleep-called first sleep-you would typically sleep until midnight or shortly afterwards.Halfway through the night during a period some call the watch, or watching period. When you came out of first sleep, you would stay in bed and relax quietly. You might talk with a bedfellow, meditate on the day's events or the meaning of a dream, or just let your mind wander. If you enjoyed writing or drawing, you might get out of bed to write a poem or story or draw a picture.Then you would start to feel sleepy, so would return to bed and fall asleep again for your second sleep. This period would continue until early morning when daylight arrived. Again, with no artificial lighting in homes, people naturally woke up early to take advantage of sunlight.Today, human may consider divided sleep a strange habit, but sleep researchers say that it is actually a more natural sleep pattern. Dr. Thomas Wehr of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has studied human sleep. He thinks that modern sleep problems occur because the orderly, natural way of sleep is breaking through the more recent continuous sleep pattern. Wehr and other scientists believe that artificial lighting has altered the way people sleep. In a research study, he asked 15 adults to rest and sleep in darkness for 14 hours(from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M.). At first, the subjects took a few hours to get to sleep, and then slept 11 hours a night. Then overtime, they switched to divided sleep. They fell asleep for about 3 or 5 hours in the evening, stay awake for an hour of two and the slept again for four hours till early morning.Unlike the people in the study, we modern humans generally do not practice divided sleep. However, many of us have the experience of waking up in the middle of the night. We usually consider this a sleeping problem, but perhaps we should look at it as natural behavior. Divided sleep may be the way we should all be sleeping.A first sleep followed by a relation period and a second period of sleep could help all of us to beat the stress of our fast-paced lives.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?A People had a divided sleep pattern only in the 18th century.B Scientists agree that artificial lighting changed the way people sleep.C Some of the people today are not familiar with the practice of divided sleep.D Sleeping for one long period may explain why some people have sleep problems.

考题 单选题Night-shift workers often find it difficult to sleep in the morning because _____.A their internal clock will not allow them toB they are often disturbed by morning visitsC they are not trying hard enough to do soD they are too tired to go to sleep well

考题 单选题Passage 1People often complained about not gettinga good night's sleep, but sleep patterns differ from person to person. Most adults require six to eight hours of sleep to function well, while others survive on only a few hours. Still, most people today think of sleep as one continuous period of downtime. This is not the way people used to sleep. According to researchers in earlier times, people divided sleep by first sleep a few hours, waking up, then going back to sleep.Before the 18th century, people had no gas or electricity in their homes. Fire, candles, or oil lamps were the common forms of lighting. This lack of artificial lighting in homes contributed to people's sleep patterns. It made sense for people to go to bed early. If you live in this time period, you might be a hard-working farmer, and you would come home, eat and quickly fall into bed exhausted. You would probably go to sleep at 9:00 or 10:00 P.M. In this first period of sleep-called first sleep-you would typically sleep until midnight or shortly afterwards.Halfway through the night during a period some call the watch, or watching period. When you came out of first sleep, you would stay in bed and relax quietly. You might talk with a bedfellow, meditate on the day's events or the meaning of a dream, or just let your mind wander. If you enjoyed writing or drawing, you might get out of bed to write a poem or story or draw a picture.Then you would start to feel sleepy, so would return to bed and fall asleep again for your second sleep. This period would continue until early morning when daylight arrived. Again, with no artificial lighting in homes, people naturally woke up early to take advantage of sunlight.Today, human may consider divided sleep a strange habit, but sleep researchers say that it is actually a more natural sleep pattern. Dr. Thomas Wehr of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has studied human sleep. He thinks that modern sleep problems occur because the orderly, natural way of sleep is breaking through the more recent continuous sleep pattern. Wehr and other scientists believe that artificial lighting has altered the way people sleep. In a research study, he asked 15 adults to rest and sleep in darkness for 14 hours(from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M.). At first, the subjects took a few hours to get to sleep, and then slept 11 hours a night. Then overtime, they switched to divided sleep. They fell asleep for about 3 or 5 hours in the evening, stay awake for an hour of two and the slept again for four hours till early morning.Unlike the people in the study, we modern humans generally do not practice divided sleep. However, many of us have the experience of waking up in the middle of the night. We usually consider this a sleeping problem, but perhaps we should look at it as natural behavior. Divided sleep may be the way we should all be sleeping.A first sleep followed by a relation period and a second period of sleep could help all of us to beat the stress of our fast-paced lives.In paragraph 5, what does the research study suggest about divided sleep?A Divided sleep is a strange way to sleep.B Divided sleep is a natural sleep pattern for human.C Divided sleep occurs when people sleep with artificial lights.D Divided sleep means sleeping 11 hours in one period.

考题 单选题Passage2People often complained about not getting"a good night's sleep",but sleep patterns differ from person to person. Most adults require six to eight hours of sleep to function well,while others survive on only a few hours. Still,most people today think of sleep as one continuous period of downtime. This is not the way people used to sleep. According to researchers in earlier times,people divided sleep by first sleep a few hours,waking up,then going back to sleep.Before the 18th century,people had no gas or electricity in their homes. Fire,candles,or oil lamps were the common forms of lighting. This lack of artificial lighting in homes contributed to people's sleep patterns. It made sense for people to go to bed early. If you live in this time period,you might be a hard-working farmer,and you would come home,eat and quickly fall into bed exhausted. You would probably go to sleep at 9:00 or 10:00 P.M. In this first period of sleep-called first sleep-you would typically sleep until midnight or shortly afterwards.Halfway through the night during a period some call the watch,or watching period. When you came out of first sleep,you would stay in bed and relax quietly. You might talk with a bedfellow,meditate on the day's events or the meaning of a dream,or just let your mind wander. If you enjoyed writing or drawing,you might get out of bed to write a poem or story or draw a picture.Then you would start to feel sleepy, so would return to bed and fall asleep again for your second sleep. This period would continue until early morning when daylight arrived. Again, with no artificial lighting in homes, people naturally woke up early to take advantage of sunlight.Today, human may consider divided sleep a strange habit, but sleep researchers say that it is actually a more natural sleep pattern. Dr. Thomas Wehr of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has studied human sleep. He thinks that modern sleep problems occur because the orderly, natural way of sleep is breaking through the more recent continuous sleep pattern. Wehr and other scientists believe that artificial lighting has altered the way people sleep. In a research study, he asked 15 adults to rest and sleep in darkness for 14 hours(from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M.). At first, the subjects took a few hours to get to sleep, and then slept 11 hours a night. Then overtime, they switched to divided sleep. They fell asleep for about 3 or 5 hours in the evening, stay awake for an hour of two and then slept again for four hours till early morning.Unlike the people in the study, we modern humans generally do not practice divided sleep. However, many of us have the experience of waking up in the middle of the night. We usually consider this a sleeping "problem", but perhaps we should look at it as natural behavior. Divided sleep may be the way we should all be sleeping. A first sleep followed by a relation period and a second period of sleep could help all of us to beat the stress of our fast-paced lives.What is the main purpose of paragraph 2~4?A To explain what happens in a night of divided sleep.B To give an opinion about the divided sleep pattern.C To describe the life of farmers before the 18th century.D To explain the lives of writers and artists before the 18th century.

考题 单选题Passage 1People often complained about not gettinga good night's sleep, but sleep patterns differ from person to person. Most adults require six to eight hours of sleep to function well, while others survive on only a few hours. Still, most people today think of sleep as one continuous period of downtime. This is not the way people used to sleep. According to researchers in earlier times, people divided sleep by first sleep a few hours, waking up, then going back to sleep.Before the 18th century, people had no gas or electricity in their homes. Fire, candles, or oil lamps were the common forms of lighting. This lack of artificial lighting in homes contributed to people's sleep patterns. It made sense for people to go to bed early. If you live in this time period, you might be a hard-working farmer, and you would come home, eat and quickly fall into bed exhausted. You would probably go to sleep at 9:00 or 10:00 P.M. In this first period of sleep-called first sleep-you would typically sleep until midnight or shortly afterwards.Halfway through the night during a period some call the watch, or watching period. When you came out of first sleep, you would stay in bed and relax quietly. You might talk with a bedfellow, meditate on the day's events or the meaning of a dream, or just let your mind wander. If you enjoyed writing or drawing, you might get out of bed to write a poem or story or draw a picture.Then you would start to feel sleepy, so would return to bed and fall asleep again for your second sleep. This period would continue until early morning when daylight arrived. Again, with no artificial lighting in homes, people naturally woke up early to take advantage of sunlight.Today, human may consider divided sleep a strange habit, but sleep researchers say that it is actually a more natural sleep pattern. Dr. Thomas Wehr of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has studied human sleep. He thinks that modern sleep problems occur because the orderly, natural way of sleep is breaking through the more recent continuous sleep pattern. Wehr and other scientists believe that artificial lighting has altered the way people sleep. In a research study, he asked 15 adults to rest and sleep in darkness for 14 hours(from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M.). At first, the subjects took a few hours to get to sleep, and then slept 11 hours a night. Then overtime, they switched to divided sleep. They fell asleep for about 3 or 5 hours in the evening, stay awake for an hour of two and the slept again for four hours till early morning.Unlike the people in the study, we modern humans generally do not practice divided sleep. However, many of us have the experience of waking up in the middle of the night. We usually consider this a sleeping problem, but perhaps we should look at it as natural behavior. Divided sleep may be the way we should all be sleeping.A first sleep followed by a relation period and a second period of sleep could help all of us to beat the stress of our fast-paced lives.What conclusion does the writer make about divided sleep?A It is one type of sleeping problem.B It may help people handle daily stress.C It is not the best sleep pattern for everyone.D It is even a common practice in modern times.