共用题干
第三篇

Human Space Exploration

While scientists are searching the cause of the Columbia disaster,NASA is moving
ahead with plans to develop a new craft that would replace shuttles（航天飞机）on space
station missions by 2012 and respond quickly to space station emergencies.
The space agency released the first set of mission needs and requirements several days
ago for the orbital space plane（轨道航天飞机）,which would be designed to transport a
crew of four to and from the International Space Station.
Although it includes few specifics, the plan states the orbiter（轨道航天飞机）will be
safer,cheaper and require less preparation time than the shuttle.It would be able to
transport four crew members by 2012一though it would be available for rescue missions by
2010.NASA says the craft should be able to transport injured or ill space station crew
members to "definitive（决定性的）medical care" within 24 hours.
The release of the requirements showed NASA remains focused on the long-term
priorities of space exploration,even as questions exist concerning the loss of Columbia and
its seven-member crew on February 1,2003.
Experts at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville,Alabama,have been working for
years on a successor to the shuttle.The project,known as the Space Launch Initiative（倡
议）,was divided last year into two parts一one focusing on a future launch vehicle,the
other on a space station orbiter. The orbiter is expected to be ready sooner.
The program's managers say NASA officials have told them not to alter Space
Launch Initiative in light of the Columbia disaster.
U.S. President George W. Bush asked Congress for about U.S.$1 billion for Space
Launch Initiative in 2004,funds that would be almost equally split between the Orbital Space
Plane and Next Generation Launch Technology.

The design of the orbiter indicates
A:NASA's determination to continue space exploration.
B:NASA's disadvantage in space technology.
C:the great pressure from Congress on NASA.
D:a heavy defeat for NASA.