2020ACCA这是你考49分的原因吗？

发布时间：2020-04-16

作为一个ACCA的考生，ACCA官方出成绩的时候都是心惊肉跳的时候，相当刺激。感觉总是很奇妙，当感觉十拿九稳的时候，总是会事与愿违。颤抖的手打开邮件，一个令人窒息的“49”映入眼帘，甚是绝望。但没关系，今天我们就来分析一下问题出在哪里，一起来看看你有没有这些问题出现吧。

 1、持续高压学习

如果你是那种分秒必争学习ACCA的人，其实没有必要逼迫自己，适当的休息反而对自己有好处。只要早早开始复习，做好合理的复习计划，ACCAer完全可以轻松驾驭考试。并不是说高压式的复习就可以获得所有的回报，长时间的学习是对ACCA产生疲惫感的主要因素，会有种一直在学习没有尽头的感觉。我也曾看到很多人说在备考阶段完全放弃社交生活，自己的压力比较大，这种压力极有可能在考前几天彻底爆发出来，打乱复习节奏，摧毁原来已经培养好的比较好的学习状态。所以保持适当的休息和小娱乐也是对学习有益的。

 2、不是在学习，只是死记硬背   

通常来说，复习是一个学习和吸收知识的过程，从来不是单纯的记忆。虽然ACCA考试中有些公式和概念是必须要背诵的，但重在理解记忆。甚至部分同学喜欢在复习的时候，再过一遍笔记本，比如说复写一遍曾经的笔记。对我个人来说这样效率比较低，大家可以先仔细过一遍笔记，然后根据考纲默写key points或者笔记中的重要内容，这样效果更好。
3、没有掌握各科目之间的关联      

了解考纲结构的同学都知道 ACCA考试各科目之间都是有关联的，如果有一块知识体系的缺失对ACCA考试来说都是影响很大的。并且，大家考完F阶段，书和笔记还是留着，经常翻阅，在P阶段可能派上大用场，省掉很多时间。这样的话，在开始学习或复习一个新科目的过程中，如果发现有以前学过的知识点，可以把以前的笔记拿出来，看看能不能把新的知识和以前的粘合起来，整合记忆相对来说更牢固。

4、 备考环境的问题   

对我来说ACCA复习环境很重要，合适舒适的复习氛围可以很大程度上提高效率。

5、考前预测让你误入歧途   

许多ACCA报名考生过于相信考前预测，感觉有了考前预测，复习范围就变小了，太过于乐观导致最后分数不高。考前预测，只是作为你在复习阶段一种参照而已，并不是完全的复习引导。大家还是要踏实啃书本知识，不要盲目跟风。

说了这么多，是不是感觉自己的学习方法有待改进呢，赶快行动起来，找到适合自己的方法，让自己的学习变得轻松、愉快、高效。

下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

2 David Gould set up his accounting firm, providing accounting services to small businesses, in 2001. Within three

years his fee income was in excess of ￡100K a year and he had nearly 100 clients most of whom had been gained

through word of mouth. David recognised that these small or micro businesses, typically employing ten or fewer

people, were receiving less than satisfactory service from their current accountants. These accounting firms typically

had between five and ten partners and operated regionally and not nationally. Evidence of poor service included

limited access to their particular accountant, poor response time to clients’ enquiries and failure to identify

opportunities to save clients money. In addition bad advice, lack of interest in business development opportunities for

the client and poor internal communication between the partners and their staff contributed to client dissatisfaction.

David has deliberately kept the costs of the business down by employing three part-time accountants and relying on

his wife to run the office.

David had recently met Ian King who ran a similar sized accounting firm. The personal chemistry between the two

and complementary skills led to a partnership being proposed. Gould and King Associates, subject to securing the

necessary funding, is to be launched in September 2006. David is to focus on the business development side of the

partnership and Ian on the core services provided. Indicative of their creative thinking is David’s conviction that

accounting services are promoted very inadequately with little attempt to communicate with clients using the Internet.

He is also convinced that there are real opportunities for the partnership to move into new areas such as providing

accountancy services for property developers, both at home and abroad. Ian feels that the partnership should set up

its own subsidiary in India, enjoying the benefits of much cheaper accountancy staff and avoiding the costs and

complications of outsourcing their core accounting services. Ian sees fee income growing to ￡2 million in five years’

time.

David has been asked by his bank to provide it with a business plan setting out how the partnership intends to grow

and develop.

Required:

(a) Write a short report for David giving the key features that you consider to be important and that you would

expect to see in the business plan for the Gould and King partnership that David has to present to his bank.

(12 marks)

正确答案：
(a) To: David Gould
From:
Writing a business plan is a critical stage in moving an idea for a business into a reality. The reality includes presenting a
convincing case to potential financers of the business, be they banks or venture capitalists. The key ingredients include clearly
saying what you plan to do and why people should want to buy your particular service. Experts warn of starting with a detailed
cash flow and then working backwards to make the numbers fit. You should regard the business plan as a management tool
and not simply a sales document. Again, the advice is to make credible and achievable projections; it is better to exceed low
targets than fail to achieve over-ambitious ones. Many business plans are based on deeply flawed research. Key to your
business success will be the size of your target market. There is much evidence to suggest that it is the make-up of the team
presenting the plan and their commitment rather than the business idea itself that will determine whether the necessary
financial support is made.
Clearly, you need to say how much money you require and why. Again the advice is not to be afraid to ask for large amounts
if your business requires it. Linked to how much you want is a clear statement of the return the investor or lender will get –
how much of the equity are you willing to give or what security can you offer the lender? Figure are important and you need
projected cash flows, profit and loss accounts and balance sheets for at least three years ahead. Potential investors and/or
lenders are likely to be impressed by a plan which clearly indicates where the major risks are to be found and the strategies
available to handle such risks.
There needs to be a clear statement of the major steps and milestones on the way to achieving your goals. Where are you
now, where do you intend to be and how are you going to get there. One expert argues there are three elements of the plan
itself – an executive summary pulling together the key points in your proposal, secondly the plan itself and finally an ‘elevator
pitch’, a one paragraph description that explains the business in the time it takes to go up in a lift.
In summary, your business plan should contain an executive summary as explained above, the objectives of the business,
including key financial targets and the philosophy of the business, the target market and relevant forecasts, the range of
products/services, the marketing strategy linked to the target markets, resource availability, people and organisation involved,
performance measurement to measure progress towards stated objectives and a summary of financial information.
One final point is to remember that no business plan ever was carried out exactly! In many ways it is the quality of the thinking
the plan includes and the actual process through which it is developed that will determine success.
Yours,

5 You are an audit manager in Dedza, a firm of Chartered Certified Accountants. Recently, you have been assigned

specific responsibility for undertaking annual reviews of existing clients. The following situations have arisen in

connection with three client companies:

(a) Dedza was appointed auditor and tax advisor to Kora Co, a limited liability company, last year and has recently

issued an unmodified opinion on the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2005. To your surprise,

the tax authority has just launched an investigation into the affairs of Kora on suspicion of underdeclaring income.

(7 marks)

Required:

Identify and comment on the ethical and other professional issues raised by each of these matters and state what

action, if any, Dedza should now take.

NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three situations.

正确答案：
5 DEDZA CO
(a) Tax investigation
■ Kora is a relatively new client. Before accepting the assignment(s) Dedza should have carried out customer due
diligence (CDD). Dedza should therefore have a sufficient knowledge and understanding of Kora to be aware of any
suspicions that the tax authority might have.
■ As the investigation has come as a surprise it is possible that, for example:
– the tax authority’s suspicions are unfounded;
– Dedza has failed to recognise suspicious circumstances.
Tutorial note: In either case, Dedza should seek clarification on the period of suspicion and review relevant procedures.
■ Dedza should review any communication from the predecessor auditor obtained in response to its ‘professional inquiry’
(for any professional reasons why the appointment should not have been accepted).
■ A quality control for new audits is that the audit opinion should be subject to a second partner review before it is issued.
It should be considered now whether or not such a review took place. If it did, then it should be sufficiently well
documented to evidence that the review was thorough and not a mere formality.
■ Criminal property includes the proceeds of tax evasion. If Kora is found to be guilty of under-declaring income that is a
money laundering offence.
■ Dedza’s reputational risk will be increased if implicated because it knew (or ought to have known) about Kora’s activities.
(Dedza may also be liable if found to have been negligent in failing to detect any material misstatement arising in the
2004/05 financial statements as a result.)
■ Kora’s audit working paper files and tax returns should be reviewed for any suspicion of fraud being committed by Kora
or error overlooked by Dedza. Tax advisory work should have been undertaken and/or reviewed by a manager/partner
not involved in the audit work.
■ As tax advisor, Dedza could soon be making disclosures of misstatements to the tax authority on behalf of Kora. Dedza
should encourage Kora to make necessary disclosure voluntarily.
■ Dedza will not be in breach of its duty of confidentiality to Kora if Kora gives Dedza permission to disclose information
to the tax authority (or Dedza is legally required to do so).
■ If Dedza finds reasonable grounds to know or suspect that potential disclosures to the tax authority relate to criminal
conduct, then a suspicious transaction report (STR) should be made to the financial intelligence unit (FIU) also.
Tutorial note: Though not the main issue credit will be awarded for other ethical issues such as the potential selfinterest/
self-review threat arising from the provision of other services.

4 (a) The purpose of ISA 250 Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements is to

establish standards and provide guidance on the auditor’s responsibility to consider laws and regulations in an

audit of financial statements.

Explain the auditor’s responsibilities for reporting non-compliance that comes to the auditor’s attention

during the conduct of an audit. (5 marks)

正确答案：
4 CLEEVES CO
(a) Reporting non-compliance
Non-compliance refers to acts of omission or commission by the entity being audited, either intentional or unintentional, that
are contrary to the prevailing laws or regulations.
To management
Regarding non-compliance that comes to the auditor’s attention the auditor should, as soon as practicable, either:
■ communicate with those charged with governance; or
■ obtain audit evidence that they are appropriately informed.
However, the auditor need not do so for matters that are clearly inconsequential or trivial and may reach agreement1 in
advance on the nature of such matters to be communicated.
If in the auditor’s judgment the non-compliance is believed to be intentional and material, the auditor should communicate
the finding without delay.
If the auditor suspects that members of senior management are involved in non-compliance, the auditor should report the
matter to the next higher level of authority at the entity, if it exists (e.g. an audit committee or a supervisory board). Where
no higher authority exists, or if the auditor believes that the report may not be acted upon or is unsure as to the person to
whom to report, the auditor would consider seeking legal advice.
To the users of the auditor’s report on the financial statements
If the auditor concludes that the non-compliance has a material effect on the financial statements, and has not been properly
reflected in the financial statements, the auditor expresses a qualified (i.e. ‘except for disagreement’) or an adverse opinion.
If the auditor is precluded by the entity from obtaining sufficient appropriate audit evidence to evaluate whether or not noncompliance
that may be material to the financial statements has (or is likely to have) occurred, the auditor should express a
qualified opinion or a disclaimer of opinion on the financial statements on the basis of a limitation on the scope of the audit.
Tutorial note: For example, if management denies the auditor access to information from which he would be able to assess
whether or not illegal dumping had taken place (and, if so, the extent of it).
If the auditor is unable to determine whether non-compliance has occurred because of limitations imposed by circumstances
rather than by the entity, the auditor should consider the effect on the auditor’s report.
Tutorial note: For example, if new legal requirements have been announced as effective but the detailed regulations are not
yet published.
To regulatory and enforcement authorities
The auditor’s duty of confidentiality ordinarily precludes reporting non-compliance to a third party. However, in certain
circumstances, that duty of confidentiality is overridden by statute, law or by courts of law (e.g. in some countries the auditor
is required to report non-compliance by financial institutions to the supervisory authorities). The auditor may need to seek
legal advice in such circumstances, giving due consideration to the auditor’s responsibility to the public interest.

(ii) the directors agree to disclose the note. (4 marks)

正确答案：
(ii) If the directors agree to disclose the note, it should be reviewed by the auditors to ensure that it is sufficiently detailed.
In evaluating the adequacy of the disclosure in the note, the auditor should consider whether the disclosure explicitly
draws the reader’s attention to the possibility that the entity may not be able to continue as a going concern in the
foreseeable future. The note should include a description of conditions giving rise to significant doubt, and the directors’
plans to deal with the conditions. If the note provided contains adequate information then there is no breach of financial
reporting standards, and so no disagreement with the directors.
If the disclosure is considered adequate, then the opinion should not be qualified. The auditors should consider a
modification by adding an emphasis of matter paragraph to highlight the existence of the material uncertainties, and to
draw attention to the note to the financial statements. The emphasis of matter paragraph should firstly contain a brief
description of the uncertainties, and also refer explicitly to the note to the financial statements where the situation has
been fully described. The emphasis of matter paragraph should re-iterate that the audit opinion is not qualified.
However, it could be the case that a note has been given in the financial statements, but that the details are inadequate
and do not fully explain the significant uncertainties affecting the going concern status of the company. In this situation
the auditors should express a qualified opinion, disagreeing with the preparation of the financial statements, as the
disclosure requirements of IAS 1 have not been followed.

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