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Large quantities of water (need) ____ for cooling purposes.
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解析：
本题考查主谓一致。句意：冷却需要大量的水。由“kind/ form/ sort/ type/ portion/ quantity+of”修饰主语时，其谓语形式取决于这些词本身的单复数而不是后面跟的名词。quantities是复数形式，所以系动词用are。
本题考查主谓一致。句意：冷却需要大量的水。由“kind/ form/ sort/ type/ portion/ quantity+of”修饰主语时，其谓语形式取决于这些词本身的单复数而不是后面跟的名词。quantities是复数形式，所以系动词用are。
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