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单选题
A dry-type exhaust muffler clogged with soot, will cause（）
A
low exhaust temperature
B
loss of engine power
C
burned intake valves
D
engine racing
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The exhaust pipe must be gas tight throughout its entire length otherwise ______．A.Bilge water may enter the exhaust pipeB.Entry of air may cause vapor lockC.Carbon monoxide may enter the interior of the vesselD.The joint gaskets may be blown
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New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot after the way sunlight re- flects off snow.According to a computer simulation,black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century. Soot in the higher latitudes（维度）of the Earth,where ice is more common , absorbs more of the sun's energy and warmth than an icy,white background. Dark-colored black carbon,or soot, absorbs sunlight,while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change.Also,if snow and ice covered areas begin melting,the warming effect increase,as the soot becomes more con-centrated on the snow surface.“This provides a positive feedback,as glaciers and ice sheets melt, they tend to get even dirtier.”said Dr. James Hansen,a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies,New York.Hansen found soot's effect on snow albedo（反照率）,which may be contributing to trends to-ward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere,such as thinning Arctic sea ice and melting glac-iers permafrost. Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land.“Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space,thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon,”Hansen said. Soot's increased absorp-tion of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world's climate.“ This forcing is unusual-ly effective,causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magni-tude.”Hansen noted.Hansen cautioned,although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial,it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century .Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes. These observations were coherent with the researchers' climate model situations,which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight. What is the main cause of climate warming during the past century?A: Soot.B: Snow.C: Greenhouse gases.D:.Wind.
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单选题If the piston groove drain holes for the oil control rings become clogged, which of the following is likely to occur?（）A
The oil control rings will seal improperly and wear rapidlyB
The piston will overheat due to insufficient lubricationC
Excessive oil will remain on the cylinder wallD
Light brown smoke will emanate from the engine exhaust
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单选题The exhaust pipe must be gas tight throughout its entire length otherwise（）.A
bilge water may enter the exhaust pipeB
entry of air may cause vapor lockC
carbon monoxide may enter the interior of the vesselD
the joint gaskets may be blown
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单选题Which of the conditions listed would cause simultaneous high cylinder firing pressure and low exhaust temperature?（）A
Improper fuel rack positioningB
Lengthy opening of the exhaust valveC
Excessively early injection timingD
Extended light load operation
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单选题If a diesel engine starts firing, but is unable to come up normal speed, either without load or even under a small load, the cause may be （）A
insufficient fuel supplyB
faulty governorC
high exhaust back pressureD
all of the above may cause this problem
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单选题The burning of fuel oil in a diesel engine having a high sodium content, will cause （）A
corrosion and grooving of exhaust valvesB
corrosion and gumming of the fuel injection pumpC
salt deposits in the exhaust manifoldD
slag deposits in the fuel injection equipment
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单选题Which of the listed problems can be a cause of low compression pressure in a diesel engine?（）A
clogged air filterB
compression strokeC
burned exhaust valvesD
all of the above
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单选题If the jacket water temperature of an operating diesel engine suddenly rises above normal, the cause can be attributed to （）.A
an overfilled expansion tankB
excess chromate treatment of the jacket waterC
a clogged raw water sea suctionD
cavitation erosion of the heat exchanger tubes
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单选题Clogged or partially obstructed exhaust ports on a diesel engine can cause（）A
over-speeding of the engineB
failure of the engine to shut downC
no effect of engine mounting boltsD
high exhaust temperatures
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单选题Excessive diesel engine back pressure may be an indication of （）A
carbon buildup in the exhaust manifoldB
overcooling of the exhaust manifoldC
eroded muffler baffle platesD
high injection pressure
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单选题If the compressor runs continually, the cause might be the（）A
high-pressure cutout switch is jammed openB
low-pressure switch is jammed shutC
thermal bulb is not operating properlyD
scale trap is clogged
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单选题Diesel engine exhaust noise can be reduced in an exhaust muffler by （）A
changing the direction of exhaust gas flowB
increasing the exhaust gas velocityC
changing the exhaust gas weightD
increasing the exhaust gas static pressure
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单选题Diesel engine exhaust temperatures may be used to indicate （）.A
leaking exhaust valvesB
an overloaded cylinderC
a clogged injector nozzleD
all of the above
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单选题A dry-type spark arrestor removes sparks from a diesel engine exhaust by（）A
increasing the linear velocity of the exhaust gasesB
changing directions of exhaust gas flowC
decreasing the temperature of the exhaust gasesD
accelerating the exhaust gas through a reduced size orifice
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单选题Fins are installed on the generating tube surfaces in waste heat boilers to （）.A
prevent soot fires in the exhaust systemB
prevent exhaust gas erosion of the tubesC
increase the velocity of exhaust gas flowD
increase the rate of heat transfer
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单选题A defective injector nozzle in a propulsion diesel engine can cause（）A
engine power lossesB
smoking due to unburned fuelC
high exhaust temperature readingsD
all of the above
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单选题What is the best way to reduce the amount of soot?A
Installing exhaust filters on all trucks and buses.B
Better managing forest fires.C
Getting Americans to give up SUVs.D
Melting snow and ice.
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单选题Overspeed of the diesel engine driving an electric generator could cause（）.A
low voltage tripB
reverse power tripC
damage to windingsD
excessive exhaust temperatures
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单选题Fuel has been injected but ignition fails The possible cause may be （）.A
leaky exhaust valveB
increased scavenging air temperatureC
engine cylinders not scavenged sufficientlyD
water in the fuel oil
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单选题A substance found in residual fuels which tends to cause exhaust valve corrosion and grooving, is（）A
carbonB
vanadiumC
calciumD
hydrogen
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单选题An indication of a diesel engine air intake being partially clogged, is （）.A
low firing pressure and low exhaust temperaturesB
low firing pressure and normal exhaust temperaturesC
high firing pressure and low exhaust temperaturesD
high firing pressure and high exhaust temperatures
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单选题Clogged diesel engine fuel oil filters can cause（）A
loss of powerB
misfiringC
low fuel oil pressureD
All of the above
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单选题Sudden unloading of a diesel engine can cause（）.A
decreased fuel efficiencyB
increased exhaust temperatureC
black smokeD
overspeed trip
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单选题If the relief valve on the discharge side of a hydraulic pump lifts, the cause could be （）.A
a low load on the unitB
a clogged pump suction strainerC
a blockage in the line between the pump and hydraulic motorD
the hydraulic motor turning too fast
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