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Many Older Doctors Plan to Phase out Their Practice
The results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years.The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.
The survey,which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins&Associates,a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm,suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the chan- ges that have taken place in medicine over the years.
"When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged .But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out."Mark Smith,executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates,said in a state-ment.
"Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-65 age group."This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U.S. If they stop working in the coming years,it will have a"significant impact"on the overall supply of physicians,Smith told Reuters Health.
The results of the survey ,which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）,show that 24 per-cent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically,14 percent said they were planning on retiring,7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a non-patient care setting,and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medi-cal field.
For those physicians not leaving clinical practice,many said they would make changes to re- duce the number of patients they treat. For instance,12 percent said they would begin working part-time,8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load,and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.
When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today,68 percent of the re-spondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 20 to 30 years ago.
Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children.Similarly,44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today.
" The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to ei-ther abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years,or significantly reduce the number of patients they see."Smith said."The U .S.already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians,should ol- der,‘workhorse’physicians choose to opt out of patient care access to medical services will be fur-ther restricted."
Many Older Doctors Plan to Phase out Their Practice
The results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years.The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.
The survey,which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins&Associates,a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm,suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the chan- ges that have taken place in medicine over the years.
"When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged .But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out."Mark Smith,executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates,said in a state-ment.
"Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-65 age group."This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U.S. If they stop working in the coming years,it will have a"significant impact"on the overall supply of physicians,Smith told Reuters Health.
The results of the survey ,which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）,show that 24 per-cent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically,14 percent said they were planning on retiring,7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a non-patient care setting,and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medi-cal field.
For those physicians not leaving clinical practice,many said they would make changes to re- duce the number of patients they treat. For instance,12 percent said they would begin working part-time,8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load,and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.
When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today,68 percent of the re-spondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 20 to 30 years ago.
Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children.Similarly,44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today.
" The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to ei-ther abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years,or significantly reduce the number of patients they see."Smith said."The U .S.already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians,should ol- der,‘workhorse’physicians choose to opt out of patient care access to medical services will be fur-ther restricted."
Which is NOT true of physicians in the 50-65 age group in the U .S.?
A: They are mostly baby boomers.
B: They have nothing to complain about.
C: Many of them plan to gradually stop their practice.
D: They account for over one-third of all physicians in the country.
A: They are mostly baby boomers.
B: They have nothing to complain about.
C: Many of them plan to gradually stop their practice.
D: They account for over one-third of all physicians in the country.
参考答案
参考解析
解析：短文一、二段讲到这一年龄段的美国医生看不上年轻医生的职业道德，对这些年来医学界发生的变化不是很满意。因此选项B是正确的。
该研究侧重的是五六十岁美国医生下一步的职业生涯打算。因此选项B是正确的。
文章倒数第三段讲到大多数受调查的年长医生认为，年轻的同行不像他们当年那样敬业和勤奋。因此选项B是正确的。
文章倒数第二段讲到很多年长的医生沐会让自己的子女从事这份工作，如果他们可以重新选择职业的话也不会选择医生这个行当。因此选项C是正确的。
文章最后一段最后一句讲到如果这些年长的任劳任怨的医生选择退出医学界的话，普通人会面临更大范围的医疗服务短缺。因此选项A是正确的。
该研究侧重的是五六十岁美国医生下一步的职业生涯打算。因此选项B是正确的。
文章倒数第三段讲到大多数受调查的年长医生认为，年轻的同行不像他们当年那样敬业和勤奋。因此选项B是正确的。
文章倒数第二段讲到很多年长的医生沐会让自己的子女从事这份工作，如果他们可以重新选择职业的话也不会选择医生这个行当。因此选项C是正确的。
文章最后一段最后一句讲到如果这些年长的任劳任怨的医生选择退出医学界的话，普通人会面临更大范围的医疗服务短缺。因此选项A是正确的。
更多 “共用题干 Many Older Doctors Plan to Phase out Their PracticeThe results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years.The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.The survey,which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins&Associates,a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm,suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the chan- ges that have taken place in medicine over the years."When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged .But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out."Mark Smith,executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates,said in a state-ment."Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-65 age group."This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U.S. If they stop working in the coming years,it will have a"significant impact"on the overall supply of physicians,Smith told Reuters Health.The results of the survey ,which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）,show that 24 per-cent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically,14 percent said they were planning on retiring,7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a non-patient care setting,and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medi-cal field.For those physicians not leaving clinical practice,many said they would make changes to re- duce the number of patients they treat. For instance,12 percent said they would begin working part-time,8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load,and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today,68 percent of the re-spondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 20 to 30 years ago.Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children.Similarly,44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today." The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to ei-ther abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years,or significantly reduce the number of patients they see."Smith said."The U .S.already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians,should ol- der,‘workhorse’physicians choose to opt out of patient care access to medical services will be fur-ther restricted." Which is NOT true of physicians in the 50-65 age group in the U .S.?A: They are mostly baby boomers.B: They have nothing to complain about.C: Many of them plan to gradually stop their practice.D: They account for over one-third of all physicians in the country.” 相关考题
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Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. The main purpose of the passage is to______.A:introduce that most adults in US adults have low risk of heart diseaseB:give treatment measures to reduce the risk of developing heart disease for US adultsC:describe the research made by the Centers for Disease Control and PreventionD:warn people that they should pay attention to the threat of heart disease immediately
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Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.______does NOT have the least effect on risk distributions.A: AgeB: GenderC: RaceD: Blood group
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Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. According to the Journal of the American College of Cardiology,_______of the U.S. adults had a risk of developing heart disease above 20 percent in the next 10 years.A: three percentB:ten percentC:twenty percentD: eighty-two percent
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Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. Strategies to shift the overall population risk downward include______.A:losing weightB:eat less and exercise moreC:adding more vitamins in your dietD:aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies
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Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. What's the percentage that 15%of the U.S.adults had a risk of developing heart disease in the next 1 0 years?A: About 3%.B:Less than 10%.C: Between10%～20%.D: Above 20%.
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Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. The findings in the report are based on______.A:the study of physicians,researchers and health policy analystsB:analysis of data from 13,769 subjectsC:the data from all US adultsD:Dr.Daniel S.Berman and Dr.Nathan D.Wong
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Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. What's the proportion of US adults who have a risk of 10%～20%to develop heart disease? A:More than 80 percent. B:3 percent.C:15 percent. D:20 percent.
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共用题干
Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. According to the passage,which of the following may contribute to the risk of getting heart disease?A:Age. B:Ethnicity.C:Race. D:Citizenship.
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Older Volcanic EruptionsVolcanoes were more destructive in ancient history,not because they were bigger,but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life with greater ease.Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions.Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals,but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock.To his surprise,the older the massive.volcanic eruptions were,the more damage they seemed to do.He calculated the"killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava（熔岩）that they produced.He found that size for size,older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The Permian（二叠纪）extinction,for example,which happened 250 million years ago,is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe.Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 1 0 gigatonnes（十亿吨）of carbon as carbon dioxide.The global warming that followed wiped out 80 percent of all marine genera（种类）at the time,and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover.Yet 60 million years ago,there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction.Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years."The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,"Wignall says.He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago,because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid（小行星）.He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.Vincent Courtillot,director of the Paris Geophysical InstitUte in France,says that Wignall's idea is provoca- tive.But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations.He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted.And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years.He also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced,and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions.Permian extinction occurred______.A:300 million years ago B:250 million years agoC:60 million years ago D:65 million years ago
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Warren Buffett,who will host Berkshire Hathaway's annual shareholders'meeting on May 3rd,is an icon of American capitalism.At 83,he also epitomizes a striking demographic（1）:for highly skilled people to go on working well into（2）was once thought to be old age.Across the rich world,well-educated people（3）work longer than the less-skilled.Some 65%o of American menaged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the（4）compared with 32%of men with only a high-school certificate.In the European Union the pattern is similar This（5）is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated（6）and the unskilled poor that is slicing（7）all age groups.Rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while（8）those of the unskilled.Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom（9）the l1-qualified are extending their working lives,compared with those of less-educated people.The（10）for individuals and society,are profound The world is on the（11）rise in the number of old people,and they will live longer than ever efore.（12）the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double from 600m to 1.1 billion The（13）of the 20th century,when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement（14）more years at work,has persuaded many observers that this shift will（15）slower economic growth and"secular stagnation",while the（16）ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the（17）old misses a new trend,the（18）gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,（19）older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are（20）retirement while many less-skilled youn but overseas job markets and foreign government policies favor technology experts From a long-term perspective,it is a positive thing that more than 80 percent of those who pursue education overseas return to China after completing their studies and contribute to the country's economy But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the（17）old misses a new trend,the（18）gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,（19）older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are（20）retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.（1）选？A.sight
B.trend
C.sign
D.track
考题
Warren Buffett,who will host Berkshire Hathaway's annual shareholders'meeting on May 3rd,is an icon of American capitalism.At 83,he also epitomizes a striking demographic（1）:for highly skilled people to go on working well into（2）was once thought to be old age.Across the rich world,well-educated people（3）work longer than the less-skilled.Some 65%o of American menaged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the（4）compared with 32%of men with only a high-school certificate.In the European Union the pattern is similar This（5）is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated（6）and the unskilled poor that is slicing（7）all age groups.Rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while（8）those of the unskilled.Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom（9）the l1-qualified are extending their working lives,compared with those of less-educated people.The（10）for individuals and society,are profound The world is on the（11）rise in the number of old people,and they will live longer than ever efore.（12）the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double from 600m to 1.1 billion The（13）of the 20th century,when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement（14）more years at work,has persuaded many observers that this shift will（15）slower economic growth and"secular stagnation",while the（16）ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the（17）old misses a new trend,the（18）gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,（19）older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are（20）retirement while many less-skilled youn but overseas job markets and foreign government policies favor technology experts From a long-term perspective,it is a positive thing that more than 80 percent of those who pursue education overseas return to China after completing their studies and contribute to the country's economy But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the（17）old misses a new trend,the（18）gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,（19）older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are（20）retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.（3）选？A.decreasingly
B.incidentally
C.desperately
D.increasingly
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Cancer Drug Trials Often Halted EarlyAn increasing number of clinical trials for new cancer treatments are being halted before the risks and benefits have been fully evaluated,say Italian researchers,who warn that this growing trend could put patients at risk of harm from new therapies rushed into use.The researchers looked at 25 randomized,controlled clinical trials that were stopped ear-ly because the treatments had started to show benefit to patients.“When we analyzed 25 trials over a 10-year period between 1997 and 2007,we found a consistent increase in prematurely stopped trials一more than 50 percent were stopped within the last three years,”study co-author Giovanni Apolone said at a news conference Tuesday.Of 14 trials halted early and published between 2005 and 2007,the researchers found that 11(79 percent)of them were used to support drug approval applications submitted to the European Medicines Agency and the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.“This suggests a strong commercial component in stopping trials prematurely.In fact, this strategy could guarantee quicker access to the market for companies.On the other hand, a quicker clinical drug development may lead to an ‘immature’benefit/risk balance of new drugs,”Apolone said.He and his colleagues“are aware that trials stopped early because they are showing ben-efit may result in identification of promising new treatments for patients.However,findings obtained following this strategy should be considered to be preliminary results that require subsequent confirmation.”It can take several years for the long-term benefits or harmful side effects of a new treat-ment to become apparent, Apolone noted, but the average duration（持续时间）of the 25 studies he and his colleagues analyzed was 30 months,with a range from 12 to 64 months.They also found that at the time five of the studies were stopped,they'd enrolled less than 40 percent of the total number of patients planned for final analysis.“Clinical trials need to stop early for superior benefit whenever there's proof beyond rea- sonable doubt that the new treatment really is superior.That would be an ethical obligation,” Stuart Pocock,a professor of medical statistics at the London School of Hygiene and Tropi-cal Medicine in the United Kingdom,said at the news conference.“However,too many trials are stopped early claiming efficacy（功效）without strong evidence being available.”The number of prematurely stopped clinical trials has increased recently.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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Many Older Doctors Plan to Phase out Their PracticeThe results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years.The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.The survey,which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins&Associates,a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm,suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the chan- ges that have taken place in medicine over the years."When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged .But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out."Mark Smith,executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates,said in a state-ment."Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-65 age group."This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U.S. If they stop working in the coming years,it will have a"significant impact"on the overall supply of physicians,Smith told Reuters Health.The results of the survey ,which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）,show that 24 per-cent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically,14 percent said they were planning on retiring,7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a non-patient care setting,and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medi-cal field.For those physicians not leaving clinical practice,many said they would make changes to re- duce the number of patients they treat. For instance,12 percent said they would begin working part-time,8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load,and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today,68 percent of the re-spondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 20 to 30 years ago.Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children.Similarly,44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today." The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to ei-ther abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years,or significantly reduce the number of patients they see."Smith said."The U .S.already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians,should ol- der,‘workhorse’physicians choose to opt out of patient care access to medical services will be fur-ther restricted." The survey was focused on______.A: the living conditions of older physicians in the U.S.B: the career plans of older physicians in the U.S.C: the retirement plans of older physicians in the U.S.D: the achievements of older physicians in the U.S.
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Retirement Brings Most a Big Health BoostThe self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger,a new European study suggests.This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minority一only 2 percent一who had experi- enced"ideal"conditions in their working life,anyway."The results really say three things:that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers,that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and,finally,that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working conditions are poor,"said Hugo Westerlund,lead author of a study pub- lished online Nov. 9 in The Lancet（柳叶刀）." This indicates that there is need to provide opportunities for older workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being."But of course,added Westerlund,who is head of epidemiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in Sweden,"not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health.Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work.But sooner or later,everyone has to slow down because of old age catch-ing up."Last week,the same group of researchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. "Sleep improves at retirement,which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health,"Westerlund said.This study looked at what the same 15,000 French workers,and most of them had to say about their own health up to seven years pre-retirement and up to seven years post-retirement.As participants got closer to retirement age,their perception of their own health declined,but went upagain during the first year of retirement.Those who reported being in poorer health declined from 19.2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14.3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers,that means post-retire- ment levels of poor health fell to levels last seen eight years previously.The changes were seen in both men and women,across different occupations,and lasted through the first seven years of not punching the clock.Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working conditions reported greater improve- ments as soon as they retired,the team found.Older workers usually get on very well with younger workers.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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Cancer Drug Trials Often Halted EarlyAn increasing number of clinical trials for new cancer treatments are being halted before the risks and benefits have been fully evaluated,say Italian researchers,who warn that this growing trend could put patients at risk of harm from new therapies rushed into use.The researchers looked at 25 randomized,controlled clinical trials that were stopped ear-ly because the treatments had started to show benefit to patients.“When we analyzed 25 trials over a 10-year period between 1997 and 2007,we found a consistent increase in prematurely stopped trials一more than 50 percent were stopped within the last three years,”study co-author Giovanni Apolone said at a news conference Tuesday.Of 14 trials halted early and published between 2005 and 2007,the researchers found that 11(79 percent)of them were used to support drug approval applications submitted to the European Medicines Agency and the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.“This suggests a strong commercial component in stopping trials prematurely.In fact, this strategy could guarantee quicker access to the market for companies.On the other hand, a quicker clinical drug development may lead to an ‘immature’benefit/risk balance of new drugs,”Apolone said.He and his colleagues“are aware that trials stopped early because they are showing ben-efit may result in identification of promising new treatments for patients.However,findings obtained following this strategy should be considered to be preliminary results that require subsequent confirmation.”It can take several years for the long-term benefits or harmful side effects of a new treat-ment to become apparent, Apolone noted, but the average duration（持续时间）of the 25 studies he and his colleagues analyzed was 30 months,with a range from 12 to 64 months.They also found that at the time five of the studies were stopped,they'd enrolled less than 40 percent of the total number of patients planned for final analysis.“Clinical trials need to stop early for superior benefit whenever there's proof beyond rea- sonable doubt that the new treatment really is superior.That would be an ethical obligation,” Stuart Pocock,a professor of medical statistics at the London School of Hygiene and Tropi-cal Medicine in the United Kingdom,said at the news conference.“However,too many trials are stopped early claiming efficacy（功效）without strong evidence being available.”The 25 trials involved roughly the same number of participants.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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Retirement Brings Most a Big Health BoostThe self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger,a new European study suggests.This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minority一only 2 percent一who had experi- enced"ideal"conditions in their working life,anyway."The results really say three things:that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers,that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and,finally,that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working conditions are poor,"said Hugo Westerlund,lead author of a study pub- lished online Nov. 9 in The Lancet（柳叶刀）." This indicates that there is need to provide opportunities for older workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being."But of course,added Westerlund,who is head of epidemiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in Sweden,"not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health.Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work.But sooner or later,everyone has to slow down because of old age catch-ing up."Last week,the same group of researchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. "Sleep improves at retirement,which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health,"Westerlund said.This study looked at what the same 15,000 French workers,and most of them had to say about their own health up to seven years pre-retirement and up to seven years post-retirement.As participants got closer to retirement age,their perception of their own health declined,but went upagain during the first year of retirement.Those who reported being in poorer health declined from 19.2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14.3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers,that means post-retire- ment levels of poor health fell to levels last seen eight years previously.The changes were seen in both men and women,across different occupations,and lasted through the first seven years of not punching the clock.Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working conditions reported greater improve- ments as soon as they retired,the team found.The findings of the study apply to conditions all over the world.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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Many Older Doctors Plan to Phase out Their PracticeThe results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years.The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.The survey,which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins&Associates,a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm,suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the chan- ges that have taken place in medicine over the years."When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged .But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out."Mark Smith,executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates,said in a state-ment."Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-65 age group."This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U.S. If they stop working in the coming years,it will have a"significant impact"on the overall supply of physicians,Smith told Reuters Health.The results of the survey ,which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）,show that 24 per-cent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically,14 percent said they were planning on retiring,7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a non-patient care setting,and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medi-cal field.For those physicians not leaving clinical practice,many said they would make changes to re- duce the number of patients they treat. For instance,12 percent said they would begin working part-time,8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load,and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today,68 percent of the re-spondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 20 to 30 years ago.Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children.Similarly,44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today." The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to ei-ther abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years,or significantly reduce the number of patients they see."Smith said."The U .S.already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians,should ol- der,‘workhorse’physicians choose to opt out of patient care access to medical services will be fur-ther restricted." if many older physicians stop working in the coming years,Americans will have______.A: even less access to medical servicesB: even better patient careC: a shortage of younger physiciansD: more job opportunities
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Many Older Doctors Plan to Phase out Their PracticeThe results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years.The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not have the work ethic they do.The survey,which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins&Associates,a Texas-based physician search and consulting firm,suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the chan- ges that have taken place in medicine over the years."When Baby Boom doctors entered medicine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged .But the rules changed on them in mid-stream and now many are looking for a ticket out."Mark Smith,executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates,said in a state-ment."Our study is the only one I am aware of that examines the career plans of physicians in the 50-65 age group."This age group represents more than one-third of all physicians in the U.S. If they stop working in the coming years,it will have a"significant impact"on the overall supply of physicians,Smith told Reuters Health.The results of the survey ,which included 1,170 respondents（调查对象）,show that 24 per-cent of older physicians are planning to leave clinical practice all together in the next 1 to 3 years. Specifically,14 percent said they were planning on retiring,7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a non-patient care setting,and 3 percent said they were seeking a job in a non-medi-cal field.For those physicians not leaving clinical practice,many said they would make changes to re- duce the number of patients they treat. For instance,12 percent said they would begin working part-time,8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients or markedly reduce their patient load,and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.When asked about the work ethic of physicians entering practice today,68 percent of the re-spondents said that these younger doctors are not as dedicated or as hard working as physicians who entered practice 20 to 30 years ago.Fifty-seven percent of older physicians said they would not recommend medicine as a career to their own children.Similarly,44 percent said they would not select medicine as a career if they were starting out today." The most ominous（不祥的）finding is that about one half of physicians surveyed plant to ei-ther abandon patient care in the next 1 to 3 years,or significantly reduce the number of patients they see."Smith said."The U .S.already is facing a widespread shortage of physicians,should ol- der,‘workhorse’physicians choose to opt out of patient care access to medical services will be fur-ther restricted." In the eyes of many older physicians,medicine______.A: comes first in their choice of a career for their childrenB: remains their lifelong pursuitC: is not as good a career as it used to beD: is more demanding than it used to be
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第二篇A Four-day WeekFancy a three-day weekend一not just once in a while but week in week out? You may think your bosses would never agree to it,but the evidence suggests that employers,employees and the environment all benefit.The four-day week comes in two flavors.One option is to switch from five 8-hour days to four 10-hour days,meaning overall hours and salaries stay the same.Two years age,the state of Utah moved all of its employees,apart from the emergency services,to working 4/10,as it has become known.The hope was that by shutting down buildings for an extra day each week,energy bills would be cut by up to a fifth.The full results of this experiment won't be published until October,but an ongoing survey of 100 buildings suggests energy consumption has fallen by around 13 percent. The survey also found that 70 percent of employees prefer the 4/10 arrangement,and that people look fewer days off sick.The second form of the four-day week is to work the same number of hours per day for four days only,with a 20 percent pay cut. With the recession hutting revenues , accountancy（会计工作） company KPMG announced in February that it was offering its 11,000 U.K. employees the option of a four-day week to avoid job losses.So far 85 percent of employees have applied to join the scheme, and 800 now do a four-day week.Not everyone will like the idea of working longer days or taking a pay cut in exchange for a 3-day weekend,but it appears most do.According to Rex Facer at Brigham Young University in Provo,Utah,it was the crash of 1929 that led to the five-day week.During the next big financial crisis in the 1970s,there was much talk of moving to a four-day week,but for a variety of reasons that didn't pan out."Things are different now,"says Facer."I wouldn't be surprised if we could get 50 percent or more of the workforce working four-day weeks in the next few years."By carrying out the four-day week experiment,the state of Utah aims to_______.A:reduce energy expensesB:boost the companies' productivityC:provide longer weekendD:increase energy efficiency
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Formulation and exercise of emergency response plan is carried out in（ ） phase.
A .planning and design
B. deployment and implementation
C. operation management
D. continuous improvement
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In modern clinical practice, doctors personally assess patients in order to ______, treat, and prevent disease using clinical judgment.A.remedy
B.diagnose
C.infect
D.judge
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Survey Found Many Women Misinformed About Cancer Sixty-three percent of American women think that if there's no family history of cancer,they're not likely to develop the disease,a new survey found. In fact,most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer,according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ( ACOG)（美国妇产科医师学会）,which sponsored the survey. "Too many women are dying from cancer,"Dr.Douglas W.Laube,ACOG's immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference."An estimated 200,070 women will die in the U.S.this year,and over 600 , 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer.The results of this survey found a worrisome（令人担忧的） gap in women's knowledge about cancer." Based on the findings,ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests. Although the survey found many misconceptions（错误观念）about cancer , 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease. However,only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk.And 10 percent said they hadn't done anything in the past years to lower their risk.17 percent said they wouldn't change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer.Twenty percent said they didn't want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings,ACOG will launch on Oct.29 a new website-Protect & Detect:What Women Should Know about Cancer.The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.Some American women are just unwilling to change their lifestyles.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Survey Found Many Women Misinformed About Cancer Sixty-three percent of American women think that if there's no family history of cancer,they're not likely to develop the disease,a new survey found. In fact,most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer,according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ( ACOG)（美国妇产科医师学会）,which sponsored the survey. "Too many women are dying from cancer,"Dr.Douglas W.Laube,ACOG's immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference."An estimated 200,070 women will die in the U.S.this year,and over 600 , 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer.The results of this survey found a worrisome（令人担忧的） gap in women's knowledge about cancer." Based on the findings,ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests. Although the survey found many misconceptions（错误观念）about cancer , 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease. However,only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk.And 10 percent said they hadn't done anything in the past years to lower their risk.17 percent said they wouldn't change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer.Twenty percent said they didn't want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings,ACOG will launch on Oct.29 a new website-Protect & Detect:What Women Should Know about Cancer.The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.Many American women have a poor knowledge of cancer.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Food and CancerMedical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduce a person's chance of developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study.They are from American National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About thirty thousand people between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study.They were from the northern central Chinese area of Linxian.Most of them took vitamins and minerals everyday for five years.Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of stomach and esophagus.Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate.Researchers divided those people into eight groups.Seven of the groups received different mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily.The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 times greater than what American health officials say is needed.The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect.Those who seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called β-carotene,vitamin E and the mineral selenium（硒）.The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent damage to cells caused by cancer-causing substances.Researchers reported a 1 3 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took β-carotene,vitamin E and selenium.They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by strokes from bursting blood vessels.Scientists warn that it is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other countries.They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals.Chinese officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years.For now officials reportedly are considering using the results of the study.They want to find a way to improve the health of people in Linxian and other small towns in China.The results of the new study are unexpected.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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For specific reason, the Owner may transfer the classification member of the vessel to another classification member which is covered by the IACS ‘Transfer of Class Agreement’. Which of the requirements listed below is disobey the IACS “Transfer of Class Agreement?（）A、For all ships between 5 to 10 years of age a representative number of ballast spaces are to be examined.B、For all ships between 10 to 20 years of age a representative number of cargo spaces are to be examined.C、For all ships 15 years of age and over all overdue surveys and conditions of class completed by the gaining class society before the transfer of class can take place.D、For all ships which are 20 years of age and above or ships subject to ESP which are 15 years of age and above, a full Special Survey or Intermediate Survey, including docking, will be carried out.
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Conducting a project kick-off in the plan phase provides which of the following customer benefits？ Select exactly 1 answer（s） from the following：（）。A、ensure that it receives detailed network diagramsB、reduce the risk of downtime due to facilities-related problemsC、ensure end-user support immediately after the launch of a new systemD、confirm project roles and responsibilities， as well as milestone dates
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单选题For specific reason, the Owner may transfer the classification member of the vessel to another classification member which is covered by the IACS ‘Transfer of Class Agreement’. Which of the requirements listed below is disobey the IACS “Transfer of Class Agreement?（）A
For all ships between 5 to 10 years of age a representative number of ballast spaces are to be examined.B
For all ships between 10 to 20 years of age a representative number of cargo spaces are to be examined.C
For all ships 15 years of age and over all overdue surveys and conditions of class completed by the gaining class society before the transfer of class can take place.D
For all ships which are 20 years of age and above or ships subject to ESP which are 15 years of age and above, a full Special Survey or Intermediate Survey, including docking, will be carried out.
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