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The fourth component of the Swedish social system is that its policies ensure full employment and increase the mobility of labour—that is, the ability to change jobs without (1) losingincome. Swedes have a strong work ethic. This, combined with state-funded programmes that (2) minimise unemployment, results in a policy of subsidised employment, which Sweden prefers to high unemployment rates and large welfare (3) expenditures. So, there are a large number of (4) vocational training programmes that employers pay for (5) available to workers in jobs that have become unnecessary. There are also subsidies for workers who must change jobs because of changes in the labour market.
Sweden introduced the fifth and final component of its social system at the end of the 20th century. This component corrects some of the problems created by the four (6) previously mentioned components. It includes new rules that are designed to improve job stability, such as training programmes to help employees learn new skills as their jobs change and become more (7) complex. Also, the government has reduced social (8)insurance and welfare payments.
So, in conclusion, the Swedes are happy with their system. Sweden has achieved more in terms of social equality, economic (9) security and freedom than many other economies. As a result, most Swedes aren’t interested in any more reform of the economic system. However, because it is (10) heavily involved in international markets, Sweden must continue to manage its social policies so that it remains competitive in the international marketplace.
【录音原文】
The fourth component of the Swedish social system is that its policies ensure full employment and increase the mobility of labour—that is, the ability to change jobs without (1) losingincome. Swedes have a strong work ethic. This, combined with state-funded programmes that (2) minimise unemployment, results in a policy of subsidised employment, which Sweden prefers to high unemployment rates and large welfare (3) expenditures. So, there are a large number of (4) vocational training programmes that employers pay for (5) available to workers in jobs that have become unnecessary. There are also subsidies for workers who must change jobs because of changes in the labour market.
Sweden introduced the fifth and final component of its social system at the end of the 20th century. This component corrects some of the problems created by the four (6) previously mentioned components. It includes new rules that are designed to improve job stability, such as training programmes to help employees learn new skills as their jobs change and become more (7) complex. Also, the government has reduced social (8)insurance and welfare payments.
So, in conclusion, the Swedes are happy with their system. Sweden has achieved more in terms of social equality, economic (9) security and freedom than many other economies. As a result, most Swedes aren’t interested in any more reform of the economic system. However, because it is (10) heavily involved in international markets, Sweden must continue to manage its social policies so that it remains competitive in the international marketplace.
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