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When saying “It?s noisy outside” to get someone to close the window, the speaker intends to perform a(n) ＿.
A. direct speech act
B. locutionary act
C. indirect speech act
D. perlocutionary act
B. locutionary act
C. indirect speech act
D. perlocutionary act
参考答案
参考解析
解析：考查言语行为理论。根据奥斯汀言语行为理论，说话者说话时可能同时实施三种行为：言内行为（locutionary act）是说出词、短语和分句的行为，它是通过句法、词汇和音位来表达字面意义的行为。言外行为（illocutionary act)是表达说话者的意图的行为，它是在说某些话时所实施的行为。言后行为（perlocutionary act)是通过某些话所实施的行为，或讲某些话所导致的行为，它是话语所产生的后果或所引起的变化，它是通过讲某些话所完成的行为。塞尔在奥斯汀言语行为理论的基础上，提出了间接言语行为理论。间接言语行为(indirect speech act）指的是通过一种言外行为间接地完成另外一种言外行为的情况。也就是说，交际者在实施间接言语行为时往往不直接说出自己要说的话，而是凭借另外一种（常常是直接的）言语行为来间接地表达其用意。根据以上言语行为理论，说话者说“It’s noisy outside”的意图是嫌外面吵，想让听话者听到他的话语之后关上门，那么说话者完成的是言外行为，也是一种间接言语行为。故答案选C。
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