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共用题干
Citizen Scientists
Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events-flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring-all around the world.But ecologists can't be______(51)so they are turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.
Climate scientists are not present everywhere.______(52)there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they are asking for your help in_______(53)signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages______(54)people to observe a very specific research interest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc-and send their observations______(55)a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a______(56)amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.______(57)like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.______(58)that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and_______(59)it in.
A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year______(60) the National
Phenology（生物气候学）Network."Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.
One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists______(61)to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle______(62)on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project-which is______(63)to everyone-record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.
"People don't______(64)to be plant experts-they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Scheartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data,we'11 be able to make an'estimate of______(65)plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."
Citizen Scientists
Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events-flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring-all around the world.But ecologists can't be______(51)so they are turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.
Climate scientists are not present everywhere.______(52)there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they are asking for your help in_______(53)signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages______(54)people to observe a very specific research interest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc-and send their observations______(55)a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a______(56)amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.______(57)like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.______(58)that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and_______(59)it in.
A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year______(60) the National
Phenology（生物气候学）Network."Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.
One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists______(61)to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle______(62)on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project-which is______(63)to everyone-record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.
"People don't______(64)to be plant experts-they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Scheartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data,we'11 be able to make an'estimate of______(65)plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."
_________64
A:want
B:forget
C:mind
D:have
A:want
B:forget
C:mind
D:have
参考答案
参考解析
解析：空格后的句子表明，生态学家正向公民科学家寻求帮助，可推测出每个地方不可能都有生态学家。故此处应选择A项。 everywhere每个地方；anywhere任何地方（通常用于疑问句或否定句）;somewhere某些地方；nowhere任何地方都不。
此处表示：因为世界上有很多地方，但科学家的数量却不足，所以他们才寻求帮助。所以选择D项。if如果，倘若；although尽管；when当……的时候；because因为。
气候变化的迹象需要人们进行“观察”。give给，给予；show展示；develop发展，开发； observe观察，观测。
结合上下文可知，公民科学家运动鼓励一般人观察非常具体的研究对象。special特殊的；professional专业的；skillful熟练的；ordinary普通的，一般的。
send…to…是固定搭配，表示“把……送往……”，符合题意。
公民科学家帮助搜集数据，为数不多的气候学家就可以分析大量的数据。空格处应该是在强调数据量的庞大，因此选择D项。small小的，少的limited有限的simple简单的，朴素的large大的，大规模的。
空格所在的句子把公民记者与公民科学家进行比较，表明他们的作用相似。much like 表示“就像……一样”，其中much修饰like，符合题意。very like与……很像，但不能用在句首，因此排除A项like与as都有“像……一样”的意思，若连用则意思重复，因此排除C项； many是形容词，不能修饰介词like，因此排除D项。
第二段最后一句表明，要想成为公民科学家中的一员，需要做的全部事情就是每天或每周留出几分钟来搜集并发送数据。all全部，所有；any任何；some一些，某些；most大多数，大部分。
根据第二段第三句可知，公民科学家搜集完信息后要将信息发往一个巨大的数据库，供专业科学家进行分析，所以此处选用send(送往，发送）。print打印，冲洗；answer回答；keep 保持，保留。
此处表示被称为国家物候网络的组织，应该用called，表示事物与名称的关系。known 被知道，若要表示“被称为”应用known as ; featured有……的特征；belonged属于，是……的成员；called被称为，被叫作。
这句话的大意是：这个团体最初的努力要依靠科学家和非科学家这类人去搜集花开叶落的信息。alike相似的，一类的（人或物），通常作后置定语；like相似的，一般作前置定语；un-like不同的; likely可能的，有希望的。
本句大意是：花季追踪计划搜集美国各地的植物的生长周期的数据。而且四个选项中唯有data可以与collects（搜集）搭配。point观点，看法；wonder奇迹，惊奇；data数据；interest 兴趣。
本句大意是：参与这一项目的人―这一项目对所有人开放―他们仅仅需要看看周围有什么。common普通的，平常的；suitable合适的；open开放的；strange奇怪的。
don't have to是固定搭配，意思是“无需，不必”，符合题意。want想要；forget忘记；mind 介意。
这句话的大意是：通过搜集数据，我们就能估算出植物和生物群落对气候变化会做出怎样的反应。how表示对方式的提问，用在此处符合题意。wh。谁，用来提问或连接先行词为人的定语从句；before在……之前；since自从，常用来引导时间状语从句，从句常用过去时，主句常用现在完成时。
此处表示：因为世界上有很多地方，但科学家的数量却不足，所以他们才寻求帮助。所以选择D项。if如果，倘若；although尽管；when当……的时候；because因为。
气候变化的迹象需要人们进行“观察”。give给，给予；show展示；develop发展，开发； observe观察，观测。
结合上下文可知，公民科学家运动鼓励一般人观察非常具体的研究对象。special特殊的；professional专业的；skillful熟练的；ordinary普通的，一般的。
send…to…是固定搭配，表示“把……送往……”，符合题意。
公民科学家帮助搜集数据，为数不多的气候学家就可以分析大量的数据。空格处应该是在强调数据量的庞大，因此选择D项。small小的，少的limited有限的simple简单的，朴素的large大的，大规模的。
空格所在的句子把公民记者与公民科学家进行比较，表明他们的作用相似。much like 表示“就像……一样”，其中much修饰like，符合题意。very like与……很像，但不能用在句首，因此排除A项like与as都有“像……一样”的意思，若连用则意思重复，因此排除C项； many是形容词，不能修饰介词like，因此排除D项。
第二段最后一句表明，要想成为公民科学家中的一员，需要做的全部事情就是每天或每周留出几分钟来搜集并发送数据。all全部，所有；any任何；some一些，某些；most大多数，大部分。
根据第二段第三句可知，公民科学家搜集完信息后要将信息发往一个巨大的数据库，供专业科学家进行分析，所以此处选用send(送往，发送）。print打印，冲洗；answer回答；keep 保持，保留。
此处表示被称为国家物候网络的组织，应该用called，表示事物与名称的关系。known 被知道，若要表示“被称为”应用known as ; featured有……的特征；belonged属于，是……的成员；called被称为，被叫作。
这句话的大意是：这个团体最初的努力要依靠科学家和非科学家这类人去搜集花开叶落的信息。alike相似的，一类的（人或物），通常作后置定语；like相似的，一般作前置定语；un-like不同的; likely可能的，有希望的。
本句大意是：花季追踪计划搜集美国各地的植物的生长周期的数据。而且四个选项中唯有data可以与collects（搜集）搭配。point观点，看法；wonder奇迹，惊奇；data数据；interest 兴趣。
本句大意是：参与这一项目的人―这一项目对所有人开放―他们仅仅需要看看周围有什么。common普通的，平常的；suitable合适的；open开放的；strange奇怪的。
don't have to是固定搭配，意思是“无需，不必”，符合题意。want想要；forget忘记；mind 介意。
这句话的大意是：通过搜集数据，我们就能估算出植物和生物群落对气候变化会做出怎样的反应。how表示对方式的提问，用在此处符合题意。wh。谁，用来提问或连接先行词为人的定语从句；before在……之前；since自从，常用来引导时间状语从句，从句常用过去时，主句常用现在完成时。
更多 “共用题干 Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events-flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring-all around the world.But ecologists can't be______(51)so they are turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.______(52)there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they are asking for your help in_______(53)signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages______(54)people to observe a very specific research interest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc-and send their observations______(55)a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a______(56)amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.______(57)like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.______(58)that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and_______(59)it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year______(60) the NationalPhenology（生物气候学）Network."Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists______(61)to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle______(62)on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project-which is______(63)to everyone-record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't______(64)to be plant experts-they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Scheartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data,we'11 be able to make an'estimate of______(65)plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."_________64A:want B:forget C:mind D:have” 相关考题
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共用题干
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第一篇An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars?Was there ever life on Mars?Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to tliese questions.They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get informnation.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars iii December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first, everything was fine.However.when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.it was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally,they found the anlswer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England,and one teann was in the United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric systcnni（公制）.The oilier team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit (the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close amid too hot,and it stopped functioning.Why didn'tanybody see the mistake before it was too late?Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Or- biter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter to get information about_______.A:the size of MarsB:possible life on MarsC:the shape of MarsD:the atmosphere of Mars
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第三篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一 flowering,the appearance of leaves and the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc.and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live in.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send them in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network."Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing eveiy year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighbor- hood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect these data,we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climatechanges."What are citizen scientists asked to do?A:To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists.B:To send their research observations to a professional database.C:To increase their knowledge about climate change.D:To keep a record of their research observations.
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共用题干
An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars?Is there life in Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions.They built a space-craft to travel around Mars and get information.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first,everything was fine.However,when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.It was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned?Finally,they found the answer.Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter.One team was in England,and one team was in United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric system（公制）.The other team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit(the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close and too hot.And it stopped functioning.Why didn't anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem.One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost$94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter to get information about______.A:possible life on MarsB:the size of MarsC:the shape of MarsD:the atmosphere of Mars
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第三篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一 flowering,the appearance of leaves and the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc.and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live in.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send them in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network."Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing eveiy year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighbor- hood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect these data,we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climatechanges."Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them_________.A:to provide their personal life cyclesB:to observe the life cycle of plantsC:to collect data of the life cycle of living thingsD:to teach children knowledge about climate change
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第三篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一 flowering,the appearance of leaves and the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc.and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live in.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send them in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network."Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing eveiy year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighbor- hood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect these data,we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climatechanges."What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?A:To study when plants will have their first buds.B:To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood.C:To collect life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.D:To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.
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第三篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一 flowering,the appearance of leaves and the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc.and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live in.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send them in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network."Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing eveiy year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighbor- hood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect these data,we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climatechanges."What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?A:Only experts can participate in it.B:Everybody can participate in it.C:It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants.D:It has its own website.
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Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events-flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring-all around the world.But ecologists can't be______(51)so they are turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.______(52)there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they are asking for your help in_______(53)signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages______(54)people to observe a very specific research interest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc-and send their observations______(55)a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a______(56)amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.______(57)like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.______(58)that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and_______(59)it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year______(60) the NationalPhenology（生物气候学）Network."Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists______(61)to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle______(62)on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project-which is______(63)to everyone-record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't______(64)to be plant experts-they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Scheartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data,we'11 be able to make an'estimate of______(65)plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."_________63A:common B:suitable C:open D:strange
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Lakes,Too,Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt;In the last few decades,the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it hasbeen in hundreds of years,Around the world,people are starting to measure the effects of global warming一 and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world,and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the sur- faces of 167 lakes.During those 24 years,the lakes got warmer一by an average of about 0.045 degreeCelsius per year.In some places,lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate,a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years?That difference may seem imull一you might not even notice it in your bath.But in a lake,slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）,and algae can make the lake poisonous（有毒的）to fish.The study shows that in some regions,lakes are warming faster than the air around them.This is impor- tant because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming.By using lake temperatures as well,scientists can get a better picture of global warming.The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That’s going to be useful,since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.Scientists aren't the only ones concerned、 Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming ofthe planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it,especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.That’s why the United Nations started the F'ramework Convention on Climate Change,or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets,and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.A:Right B:WrongC:Not mentioned
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第二篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists （生态学家）can' t be everywhere so they' re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of c1imat。 ehang, across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe "very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc. and send their observations to a giant database （数据库）to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phonology Network."Phenology"is what scientists eni1 the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life eyele data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how p'ants and communities（生物群落）of plants and animals will re- spond as the climate changes."What are citizen scientists asked to do?A:To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists.B:To send their research observations to a professional database.C:To increase their knowledge about climate change.D:To keep a record of their research observations.
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Lakes,Too,Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt;In the last few decades,the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it hasbeen in hundreds of years,Around the world,people are starting to measure the effects of global warming一 and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world,and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the sur- faces of 167 lakes.During those 24 years,the lakes got warmer一by an average of about 0.045 degreeCelsius per year.In some places,lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate,a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years?That difference may seem imull一you might not even notice it in your bath.But in a lake,slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）,and algae can make the lake poisonous（有毒的）to fish.The study shows that in some regions,lakes are warming faster than the air around them.This is impor- tant because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming.By using lake temperatures as well,scientists can get a better picture of global warming.The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That’s going to be useful,since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.Scientists aren't the only ones concerned、 Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming ofthe planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it,especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.That’s why the United Nations started the F'ramework Convention on Climate Change,or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets,and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A:Right B:WrongC:Not mentioned
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第二篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists （生态学家）can' t be everywhere so they' re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of c1imat。 ehang, across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe "very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc. and send their observations to a giant database （数据库）to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phonology Network."Phenology"is what scientists eni1 the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life eyele data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how p'ants and communities（生物群落）of plants and animals will re- spond as the climate changes."Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them________________.A:to provide their personal life cyclesB:to observe the life cycle of plantsC:to collect data of the life cycle of living thingsD:to teach children knowledge about climate change
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第二篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists （生态学家）can' t be everywhere so they' re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of c1imat。 ehang, across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe "very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc. and send their observations to a giant database （数据库）to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phonology Network."Phenology"is what scientists eni1 the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life eyele data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how p'ants and communities（生物群落）of plants and animals will re- spond as the climate changes."What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?A:Only experts can participate in it.B:Everybody can participate in it.C:It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants.D:It has its own website.
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第二篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists （生态学家）can' t be everywhere so they' re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of c1imat。 ehang, across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe "very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc. and send their observations to a giant database （数据库）to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phonology Network."Phenology"is what scientists eni1 the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life eyele data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how p'ants and communities（生物群落）of plants and animals will re- spond as the climate changes."In"All that's needed to become one…（Paragraph 2)",what does the word"one"stands for?A:A citizen journalist.B:A citizen scientist.C:A 5cientist.D:A citizen.
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Energy CycleDo you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful?This might be called laziness,but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're“hot”.That's true .The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak .For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening.No one has discovered why this is so,but it leads to such familiar monologues as:“Get up,John!You'll be late for work again!”The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean,and which cycle each member of the family has.You can't change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your life fit to it better. Habit can help,Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway .Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day,rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle,but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy .Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch.Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before .Whenever possible,do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A: Unawareness of energy cycles.B:Familiar monologues.C: A change in a family member's energy cycle.D: Attempts to work more efficiently during the cycle of other family members.
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Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events-flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring-all around the world.But ecologists can't be______(51)so they are turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.______(52)there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they are asking for your help in_______(53)signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages______(54)people to observe a very specific research interest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc-and send their observations______(55)a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a______(56)amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.______(57)like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.______(58)that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and_______(59)it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year______(60) the NationalPhenology（生物气候学）Network."Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists______(61)to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle______(62)on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project-which is______(63)to everyone-record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't______(64)to be plant experts-they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Scheartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data,we'11 be able to make an'estimate of______(65)plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."_________51A:everywhere B:anywhere C:somewhere D:nowhere
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Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events-flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring-all around the world.But ecologists can't be______(51)so they are turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.______(52)there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they are asking for your help in_______(53)signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages______(54)people to observe a very specific research interest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc-and send their observations______(55)a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a______(56)amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.______(57)like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.______(58)that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and_______(59)it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year______(60) the NationalPhenology（生物气候学）Network."Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists______(61)to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle______(62)on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project-which is______(63)to everyone-record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't______(64)to be plant experts-they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Scheartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data,we'11 be able to make an'estimate of______(65)plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."_________65A:who B:how C:before D:since
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第二篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists （生态学家）can' t be everywhere so they' re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of c1imat。 ehang, across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe "very specificresearch interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc. and send their observations to a giant database （数据库）to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phonology Network."Phenology"is what scientists eni1 the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life eyele data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every- one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how p'ants and communities（生物群落）of plants and animals will re- spond as the climate changes."What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?A:To study when plants will have their first buds.B:To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood.C:To collect life cycle data on"variety of common plants from across the United States.D:To investigate how plants and animalsw lll respond as the climate changes.
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单选题—The food looked bad, but it ______ OK.—So we can’t judge a man by his appearance.A
is tastedB
tastedC
was tastedD
taste
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单选题Does everyone in your office always agree all the time？ When someone makes a suggestion， does everyone just smile and nod in agreement？ When you bring forward an idea， do people just accept t？ Well， if you answered yes" to any of these questions， you are in an extremely unusual workplace. People are people. And people butt heads.They disagree， they argue， and they fight. You can’t get around it. But you can learn to deal with it To hold your own， you need to learn how to argue effectively. If you’ve got an opinion， you need to defend it. And if you have a problem with something a colleague has done， you need to let tem know. This can make for some difficult discussions and meetings， but this is just a part of life and business skills.
So how can you argue effectively？ Well， you need several.
（）From the first paragraph we can know that in the office.A
peoplesometimesargueB
peoplealwaysagreeC
peoplealwaysgetaroundit
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填空题At the global level, countries around the world have expressed a firm commitment to strengthening international responses to the risks of climate change.____
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单选题Parris is the first person who made study for _____A
frog’s populationB
frog’s love livesC
frog’s mating calls and living environmentD
the effects of human noises on frog
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单选题The passage is primarily concerned with which of the following?A
Describing the life cycle of the Plasmodium protozoan as it relates to the disease malariaB
Comparing and contrasting the life cycles of the six variants of the Plasmodium protozoan known to cause malariaC
Addressing the public health implications of the life cycle of the Plasmodium parasiteD
Providing information on how a person can avoid infection with malariaE
Describing the life cycle of the Anopheles mosquito as it relates to the transmission of the Plasmodium protozoan to humans
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