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单选题
Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.
A
agricultural country with a high birth rate
B
agricultural country with a low birth rate
C
industrialized country with a low birth rate
D
industrialized country with a high birth rate
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参考解析
解析：
更多 “单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.A agricultural country with a high birth rateB agricultural country with a low birth rateC industrialized country with a low birth rateD industrialized country with a high birth rate” 相关考题
考题
The author holds that______.A．mortality rates in developing countries have been brought down by a number of forcesB．medical innovations are the only way to reduce mortality rates in developing countriesC．the upgrading of hygiene and sanitation has played a crucial role in reducing mortality rates in developing countriesD．improved nutrition is the only one factor that reduces mortality rates in developing countries
考题
(ii) Construct the argument against Professor West’s opinion, and in favour of Professor Leroi’s opinion thata principles-based approach would be preferable in developing countries. Your answer should considerthe particular situations of developing countries. (10 marks)
考题
In the author's opinion, __.A. developing countries should be responsible for environmental problemsB. overpopulation in the world is created by the developed countriesC. rich countries exercise worse influence on environment than poor countriesD. all countries should bring the population growth under control
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共用题干
Brain Drain1.Brain drain is a phenomenon under which"people of a nation move to another nation due to financial benefits and also due to economical reasons,but there are many more reasons behind it". If we think deeply to the topic,we would find that this phenomenon has more disadvantages than advantages.2.This phenomenon has many advantages for receiving countries which will automatically benefit from the skills and talents of immigrated people who were educated and qualified in their home countnes.3.However,developing countries are deeply affected by this phenomenon since they are deprived from millions of their skilled workers, doctors,hardworking Engineers,and billions of man power. Those elites represent the backbone of their economies and once they travel abroad,their economies will not flourish and promote.In fact,there are many reasons behind brain drain.Firstly,the Government is the first responsible for brain drain. The salaries paid by local companies are much less than multinational foreign companies,which pushes millions of intelligent,hardworking Engineers to leave their native countries to look for a better life and opportunities.Secondly,the status and facilities provided by foreign companies are much higher in quality and quantity.Also,some people find it a matter of pride and dignity to work as an employee in foreign countries.4.But we have to mention that brain drain does not only affect developing countries but also has some advantages for them.People living abroad help foreigners to know about their cultures and traditions.Also,they give information about various natural beauties and tourist spots in their home countries,which encourages tourists to visit them. This in turn increases tourist income.Brain drain also helps in increasing their foreign exchanges.5.But at last you would find that brain drain has more disadvantages than advantages on developing or poor countries.So,to stop brain drain,local governments should make people aware of its harmful effects.Also Government should provide opportunities to their elites and should provide them with handsome salary so that they can serve their own mother nation.Paragraph 3______A:Harmful effects of brain drain on developing countries.B:Brain drain in developing countries.C:Strategies governments can use to curb brain drain.D:Good effects of brain drain on receiving countries.E:Brain drain and elites.F: Benefits brain drain brings to developing countries.
考题
共用题干
Brain Drain1.Brain drain is a phenomenon under which"people of a nation move to another nation due to financial benefits and also due to economical reasons,but there are many more reasons behind it". If we think deeply to the topic,we would find that this phenomenon has more disadvantages than advantages.2.This phenomenon has many advantages for receiving countries which will automatically benefit from the skills and talents of immigrated people who were educated and qualified in their home countnes.3.However,developing countries are deeply affected by this phenomenon since they are deprived from millions of their skilled workers, doctors,hardworking Engineers,and billions of man power. Those elites represent the backbone of their economies and once they travel abroad,their economies will not flourish and promote.In fact,there are many reasons behind brain drain.Firstly,the Government is the first responsible for brain drain. The salaries paid by local companies are much less than multinational foreign companies,which pushes millions of intelligent,hardworking Engineers to leave their native countries to look for a better life and opportunities.Secondly,the status and facilities provided by foreign companies are much higher in quality and quantity.Also,some people find it a matter of pride and dignity to work as an employee in foreign countries.4.But we have to mention that brain drain does not only affect developing countries but also has some advantages for them.People living abroad help foreigners to know about their cultures and traditions.Also,they give information about various natural beauties and tourist spots in their home countries,which encourages tourists to visit them. This in turn increases tourist income.Brain drain also helps in increasing their foreign exchanges.5.But at last you would find that brain drain has more disadvantages than advantages on developing or poor countries.So,to stop brain drain,local governments should make people aware of its harmful effects.Also Government should provide opportunities to their elites and should provide them with handsome salary so that they can serve their own mother nation.This phenomenon has many advantages for receiving countries which will benefit from the skills and talents of______.A:its harmful effectsB:immigrated peopleC:the local governmentD:their cultures and traditionsE:the hardworking engineers F: in quality and quantity
考题
It′s bad policy for developing countries to sacrifice environmental protection to__________economic?growth.A.discourage
B.weaken
C.promote
D.create
考题
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.
“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”
Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.
Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.
Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.
The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.
“More than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone” illustrates ______.A.the economic development of China is important
B.the role of some developing countries is significant for poverty reduction
C.14 countries are developing faster than China
D.it is crucial to make a clear goal first
考题
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.
“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”
Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.
Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.
Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.
The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.
All of the following are factors for poverty reduction except ______.A.greater economic dynamism
B.aid from developed countries
C.changes of developing countries
D.trade among developing countries
考题
共用题干
第三篇Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50% by 2020The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50%by the year 2020.But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier lifestyles and through public health action.The World Cancer Report,released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer,shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich ones.Overall,cancer was responsible for 12%of all deaths in 2000.But in many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer.The report shows that 1 0 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000,and that number is expected to rise to 15 million by 2020.Researchers say most of that increase will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits."Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time, matching its effect in industrialized（工业化的）countries , " said researcher Paul Kleihues,MD,director of IARC,in a news release."Once considered a'Western' disease,the Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the world's cancer burden,in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths,already occurs in developing countries."The risk of being diagnosed with cancer in developed countries is double that in less-developed ones.However,the risk of dying from cancer is much higher in developing countries , where 80% of cancer patients already have late-stage incurable tumors（肿瘤） at the time of diagnosis.Researchers say cancer rates have traditionally been higher in developed countries due to greater exposure to tobacco,occupational carcinogens（致癌物）,and an unhealthy Western diet and lifestyle.As less-developed countries become industrialized and more prosperous,they tend to adopt the high-fat diet and low physical activity levels typically seen in the West,which increase cancer rates. The report says that steps could be taken to reduce aboutA:50% of new cancers. B:33% of new cancers.C:12% of new cancers. D:80% of new cancers.
考题
共用题干
第三篇Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50% by 2020The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50%by the year 2020.But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier lifestyles and through public health action.The World Cancer Report,released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer,shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich ones.Overall,cancer was responsible for 12%of all deaths in 2000.But in many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer.The report shows that 1 0 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000,and that number is expected to rise to 15 million by 2020.Researchers say most of that increase will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits."Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time, matching its effect in industrialized（工业化的）countries , " said researcher Paul Kleihues,MD,director of IARC,in a news release."Once considered a'Western' disease,the Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the world's cancer burden,in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths,already occurs in developing countries."The risk of being diagnosed with cancer in developed countries is double that in less-developed ones.However,the risk of dying from cancer is much higher in developing countries , where 80% of cancer patients already have late-stage incurable tumors（肿瘤） at the time of diagnosis.Researchers say cancer rates have traditionally been higher in developed countries due to greater exposure to tobacco,occupational carcinogens（致癌物）,and an unhealthy Western diet and lifestyle.As less-developed countries become industrialized and more prosperous,they tend to adopt the high-fat diet and low physical activity levels typically seen in the West,which increase cancer rates. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A:There were 1 0 million cancer patients worldwide in 2000.B:Generally,cancer accounted for 12% of all deaths in 2000.C:Cancer is the cause of over 25%of all deaths in many countries.D:It is expected that global cancer rates will go up by 50%by 2020.
考题
共用题干
第三篇Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50% by 2020The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50%by the year 2020.But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier lifestyles and through public health action.The World Cancer Report,released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer,shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich ones.Overall,cancer was responsible for 12%of all deaths in 2000.But in many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer.The report shows that 1 0 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000,and that number is expected to rise to 15 million by 2020.Researchers say most of that increase will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits."Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time, matching its effect in industrialized（工业化的）countries , " said researcher Paul Kleihues,MD,director of IARC,in a news release."Once considered a'Western' disease,the Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the world's cancer burden,in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths,already occurs in developing countries."The risk of being diagnosed with cancer in developed countries is double that in less-developed ones.However,the risk of dying from cancer is much higher in developing countries , where 80% of cancer patients already have late-stage incurable tumors（肿瘤） at the time of diagnosis.Researchers say cancer rates have traditionally been higher in developed countries due to greater exposure to tobacco,occupational carcinogens（致癌物）,and an unhealthy Western diet and lifestyle.As less-developed countries become industrialized and more prosperous,they tend to adopt the high-fat diet and low physical activity levels typically seen in the West,which increase cancer rates. The risk of dying from cancer in developed countries isA:double that in developing countries.B:much higher than that in developing countries.C:the same as that in developing countries.D:much lower than that in developing countries.
考题
共用题干
第二篇Technological Utopia for Developing CountriesCyberspace（网络空间）,data superhighways, multi-media, the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives forever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia（乌托邦）,little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high technology,the West concerns itself with the"how to benefit".The question of"for whom"is put aside once again.Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy.Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries,and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade ex-change,interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods.The electronic economy made possible by information revolution.Technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets and with destructive impact on the have-nots.For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine.As "futures"（期货）are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.So what are the options for regaining control?One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves一so-called"development communications"modernization.Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries' economies.Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S.,Europe or Japan.The patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries.Furthermore,when new technology is introduced,there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit native development.This means that while local elites,foreign communities and subsidiaries of transitional corporations may benefit,but not developing countries.It can be inferred from the passage that______.A:international trade should be expandedB:the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough considerationC:the exports of the poor countries should be increasedD:communications technology in the developing countries should be modernized
考题
共用题干
第二篇Technological Utopia for Developing CountriesCyberspace（网络空间）,data superhighways, multi-media, the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives forever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia（乌托邦）,little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high technology,the West concerns itself with the"how to benefit".The question of"for whom"is put aside once again.Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy.Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries,and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade ex-change,interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods.The electronic economy made possible by information revolution.Technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets and with destructive impact on the have-nots.For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine.As "futures"（期货）are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.So what are the options for regaining control?One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves一so-called"development communications"modernization.Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries' economies.Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S.,Europe or Japan.The patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries.Furthermore,when new technology is introduced,there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit native development.This means that while local elites,foreign communities and subsidiaries of transitional corporations may benefit,but not developing countries.Why does the author say that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?A:Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market.B:Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.C:Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.D:Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries.
考题
Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of （）AenergyBsourceCpowerDmaterial
考题
Ground transport is typically more affordable than air， but more expensive than sea especially in developing countries where inland infrastructure is not efficient.
考题
Developed countries, like the US, have moved the some manufactures to the developing countries. Is it true or not? （）A、YesB、NotC、I don’t knowD、Not mentioned in this paragraph
考题
单选题What is mentioned as a reason why the world market is being globalised?A
The developing countries can get goods and services from western countries only.B
Some western multinationals are eager to reap profits from other countries.C
The developed countries depend more on resources of the developing countries.D
The world is becoming more connected through internet and telecommunications.
考题
单选题What can be said about tighter property rights?A
They make it hard for many developing countries to use such rights.B
They will reduce the price of technology transfer.C
They will help distribute social wealth more evenly.D
They will increase the power of more and more people.
考题
单选题What does the world bank study show?A
The use of tobacco results in a global net loss of US $200 billion per year in the developing world.B
Economic loss caused by tobacco in the developing countries equals that of the developed countries.C
Huge amount of economic loss has been incurred by closing down tobacco factories in the developing countries.D
The use of tobacco results in a global net loss of US $200 billion per year, but it does not affect the quality of life of smokers or their families.
考题
问答题Practice 2 Now many countries find themselves still struggling with problems that are as old as man himself. Basic social problems such as poor or nonexistent health care, and nutrient-deficient diets continue to annoy developing countries, contributing to low life expectancy rates and hampering economic development. While it may be true that some countries have found answers to these basic problems of humanity, this does not mean that their societies are problem-free. Indeed, in the solving of age-old problems more economically, advanced societies have found themselves facing new social problems, problems that are a direct outgrowth of their economic advancement. One such problem is that of aging.
考题
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.A
can be an advantageB
may limit incomeC
isn't necessaryD
is expensive
考题
单选题Which of the following statements is true of the tobacco industry?A
Tobacco is bad for people’s health but good for the national economy.B
Tobacco has had a favourable economic impact in many countries in recent years.C
Developed countries such as UK and the U.S. should transfer their technology in the tobacco industry to the developing countries.D
Tobacco industry is bad for the economy for rich and poor countries alike.
考题
单选题Developed countries, like the US, have moved the some manufactures to the developing countries. Is it true or not? （）A
YesB
NotC
I don’t knowD
Not mentioned in this paragraph
考题
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) When countries become industrialized, _______.A
families often become largerB
the birth rate generally goes downC
women usually decide not have a familyD
the population generally grows rapidly
考题
单选题The proportion of older people _____.A
is bigger in developed countries than in developing countriesB
is one-seventh of the population in developing countriesC
will increase much faster in China than in FranceD
will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020
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