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化学治疗（Chemotherapy）
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LeukemiaLeukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get,but it is still very rare.Leukemia involves the blood and blood-forming organs,such as the bone marrow.________(46)A kid with leukemia produces lots of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow. Usually,white blood cells fight infection,but the white blood cells in a person with leukemia don't work the way they're supposed to.________(47)The abnormal white blood cells multiply out of control,filling the bone marrow and making it hard for enough normal,infection-fighting white blood cells to form.Other blood cells一such asred blood cells(that carry oxygen in the blood to the body's tissues)and platelets(that allow blood to clot）一are also crowded out by the white blood cells of leukemia. These cancer cells may also move to other parts of the body,including the bloodstream,where they continue to multiply and build up.Although leukemia can make kids sick,most of the time it is treatable,and kids get better. Almost all leukemia patients are treated with chemotherapy,which means using anti-cancer drug.________(48)Chemotherapy quickly goes to work,traveling through the blood to the bone marrow. There,the drugs can attack the cancer cells.After several weeks of chemotherapy,many kids begin to feel better.Some children with leukemia will also have to have radiation therapy,too.________(49)If the cancer isn't getting better from using the usual amounts of chemotherapy and radiation,then a kid with leukemia will probably need more treatment一with higher doses of chemotherapy and radiation to finally kill the cancer cells.But this heavy-duty treatment will also harm the normal cells in the kid's bone marrow too,and the bone marrow will no longer be able to produce normal blood cells.So,doctors will then give a kid一or anyone else with bone marrow that is no longer working一normal bone marrow tissue from someone else who is healthy.________(50)___________（50）A:The chemotherapy drugs are given through a catheter,a narrow tube that is inserted into a blood vessel, sometimes in the kid's upper chest.B:Early symptoms of leukemia are often overlooked,since they may resemble symptoms of the flu or other common diseases.C:This is a special procedure called a bone marrow transplant,and it helps the patient make new blood cells so they can recover from the leukemia.D:Bone marrow is the innermost part of some bones where blood cells are first made.E:They don't protect the person from infections very well.F: Radiation therapy uses invisible high-energy waves(similar to X-rays)to kill cancerous cells.
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对于呈指数性快速生长的肿瘤，对数杀伤模型理论对合理应用化学治疗的启发有（）。A、应给予足够剂量B、化学治疗周期数应与肿瘤负荷相关C、应采用多药联合化学治疗D、应采用多周期化学治疗E、应完成足够的化学治疗周期数
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新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy）的含义符合以下哪一项（）A、全新药物进行的化疗B、化疗药物的使用途径与目前化疗途径完全不同C、术中化疗D、术前化疗E、术前＋术中＋术后联合化疗
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单选题新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy）的含义符合以下哪一项（）A
全新药物进行的化疗B
化疗药物的使用途径与目前化疗途径完全不同C
术中化疗D
术前化疗E
术前＋术中＋术后联合化疗
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多选题患者男，20岁，福建人，因“头痛7个月，右眼复视1个月”来诊。无发热、盗汗及体重减轻。查体：鼻咽右顶后壁结节样肿物，表面坏死，覆盖分泌物，右颈Ⅱ区可触及1枚淋巴结，2cm×2cm，质中，活动，无压痛；脑神经检查：右侧展神经麻痹。可以选择的治疗方法有（）。A单纯放射治疗B同步放射化学治疗+辅助化学治疗C诱导化学治疗+同步放射化学治疗+辅助化学治疗D诱导化学治疗+同步放射化学治疗E同步放射化学治疗F诱导化学治疗+根治性放射治疗
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名词解释题化学疗法（chemotherapy）
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