2020年ACCA考试F3-财务会计(基础)强化训练题(2)

发布时间：2020-10-25

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2.1 At 1 July 20X3 a limited liability company had an allowance for receivables of $83 ,000.During the year ended 30 June 20X4 debts totaling $1 46,000 were written off. At 30 June 20X4 a receivables allowance of $218,000 was required.

What figure should appear in the company\'s statement of profit or loss for the year ended 30 June 20X4 for receivables expense?

A $155, 000

B $364, 000

C $281, 000

D $11, 000

答案：C

2.2 At 31 December 20X4 a company\'s trade receivables totaled $864, 000 and the allowance for receivables was $48,000.

It was decided that debts totaling $13,000 were to be written off. The allowance for receivables was to be adjusted to the equivalent of five per cent of the receivables.

What figures should appear in the statement of financial position for trade receivables (after deducting the allowance) and in the statement of profit or loss for receivables expense?

Statement of profit or loss Statement of financial position

A 8,200   807,800

B 7,550   808,450

C 18,450 808,450

D 55,550 808,450

答案：B

2.3 Which of the following would a decrease in the allowance for receivables result in?

A An increase in liabilities

B A decrease in working capital

C A decrease in net profit

D An increase in net profit

答案：D

2.4 An increase in an allowance for receivables of $8,000 has been treated as a reduction in the allowance in the financial statements. Which of the following explains the resulting effects?

A Net profit is overstated by $16,000, receivables overstated by $8,000

B Net profit understated by $16,000, receivables understated by $16,000

C Net profit overstated by $16, 000, receivables overstated by $16,000

D Gross profit overstated by $16,000, receivables overstated by $16,000

答案：C

2.5 At 1 January 20X1, there was an allowance for receivables of $3,000. During the year, $1, 000 of debts were written off as irrecoverable, and $800 of debts previously written off were recovered. At 31 December 20X1, it was decided to adjust the allowance for receivables to 5% of receivables, which are $20,000.

What is the total receivables expense for the year?

A $200 debit

B $1,800 debit

C $2,200 debit

D $1,800 credit

答案：D

2.6 At the beginning of the year, the allowance for receivables was $850. At the year-end, the allowance required was $1,000. During the year $500 of debts were written off, which includes $100 previously included in the allowance for receivables.

What is the charge to statement of profit or loss for receivables expense for the year?

A $1,500

B $1,000

C $650

D $550

答案：C

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(b) Explain THREE problems in undertaking a performance comparison of GBC and TTC and also explain THREE

items of additional information that would be of assistance in assessing the operating and financial

performance of GBC and TTC. (6 marks)

正确答案：
(b) The relative performance of GBC and TTC is difficult to assess due to the following:
(i) They would appear to have differing objectives. GBC provides free transport for senior citizens and charges lower fares
than TTC. GBC also uses environmentally friendly fuel. Each of these factors inhibits a direct comparison of the two
organisations.
(ii) The organisations are funded differently. It is evident that TTC uses loan finance to fund operations which gives rise to
interest charges which are not incurred by GBC. On the other hand GBC is funded by the government.
(iii) TTC has higher fixed asset values which precipitate much higher depreciation charges.
(iv) There is also a lack of non-financial performance indicators such as the number of on-time arrivals, number of accidents,
complaints re passenger dissatisfaction, staff turnover, adherence to relevant legislation, convenience of pick-up/drop-off
points etc.
The following items of additional information would assist in assessing the financial and operating performance of the two
companies:
(1) The number of staff employed by each organisation would assist in the assessment of the financial and operating
performance. Ratios such as revenue generated per employee and operating costs per employee might provide useful
comparators of financial and operating efficiency.
(2) Safety and accident records of each organisation would give an indication of the reliability and safety afforded to
passengers by each organisation. Passenger safety is of paramount importance to all passenger transport businesses.
(3) Records of late/cancelled buses together with the number of complaints received from the passengers would provide an
indication of the efficiency of the service provided by each organisation.
(4) The accessibility of the services, location of pick-up/drop-off points would provide an indication of the flexibility of service
delivery provided by each organisation.
(5) The comfort, cleanliness and age of the respective bus fleets would provide a further indication of the level of service
quality provided by each organisation.
(6) The fuel emission levels of the buses operated by each organisation would provide an indication of the extent of their
‘social responsibility’.
Notes: (i) Only three items of additional information were required.
(ii) Alternative relevant discussion and examples would be acceptable.

(b) Explain the meaning of Stephanie’s comment: ‘I would like to get risk awareness embedded in the culture

at the Southland factory.’ (5 marks)

正确答案：
Embedded risk
Risk awareness is the knowledge of the nature, hazards and probabilities of risk in given situations. Whilst management will
typically be more aware than others in the organisation of many risks, it is important to embed awareness at all levels so as
to reduce the costs of risk to an organisation and its members (which might be measured in financial or non-financial terms).
In practical terms, embedding means introducing a taken-for-grantedness of risk awareness into the culture of an organisation
and its internal systems. Culture, defined in Handy’s terms as ‘the way we do things round here’ underpins all risk
management activity as it defines attitudes, actions and beliefs.
The embedding of risk awareness into culture and systems involves introducing risk controls into the process of work and the
environment in which it takes place. Risk awareness and risk mitigation become as much a part of a process as the process
itself so that people assume such measures to be non-negotiable components of their work experience. In such organisational
cultures, risk management is unquestioned, taken for granted, built into the corporate mission and culture and may be used
as part of the reward system.
Tutorial note: other meaningful definitions of culture in an organisational context are equally acceptable.

Discuss the principles and practices which should be used in the financial year to 30 November 2008 to account

for:(c) the purchase of handsets and the recognition of revenue from customers and dealers. (8 marks)

Appropriateness and quality of discussion. (2 marks)

正确答案：

Handsets and revenue recognition
The inventory of handsets should be measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value (IAS2, ‘Inventories’, para 9). Johan
should recognise a provision at the point of purchase for the handsets to be sold at a loss. The inventory should be written down
to its net realisable value (NRV) of $149 per handset as they are sold both to prepaid customers and dealers. The NRV is $51
less than cost. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the normal course of business less the estimated selling costs.
IAS18, ‘Revenue’, requires the recognition of revenue by reference to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting
date. Revenue associated with the provision of services should be recognised as service as rendered. Johan should record the
receipt of $21 per call card as deferred revenue at the point of sale. Revenue of $18 should be recognised over the six month
period from the date of sale. The unused call credit of $3 would be recognised when the card expires as that is the point at which
the obligation of Johan ceases. Revenue is earned from the provision of services and not from the physical sale of the card.
IAS18 does not deal in detail with agency arrangements but says the gross inflows of economic benefits include amounts collected
on behalf of the principal and which do not result in increases in equity for the entity. The amounts collected on behalf of the
principal are not revenue. Revenue is the amount of the ‘commission’. Additionally where there are two or more transactions, they
should be taken together if the commercial effect cannot be understood without reference to the series of transactions as a whole.
As a result of the above, Johan should not recognise revenue when the handset is sold to the dealer, as the dealer is acting as an
agent for the sale of the handset and the service contract. Johan has retained the risk of the loss in value of the handset as they
can be returned by the dealer and the price set for the handset is under the control of Johan. The handset sale and the provision
of the service would have to be assessed as to their separability. However, the handset cannot be sold separately and is
commercially linked to the provision of the service. Johan would, therefore, recognise the net payment of $130 as a customer
acquisition cost which may qualify as an intangible asset under IAS38, and the revenue from the service contract will be recognised
as the service is rendered. The intangible asset would be amortised over the 12 month contract. The cost of the handset from the
manufacturer will be charged as cost of goods sold ($200).

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