ACCA考试F8每日一练(2019-03-10)

发布时间：2019-03-10

Financial Management

1 (a) Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) calculation

Cost of equity of KFP Co = 4·0 + (1·2 x (10·5 – 4·0)) = 4·0 + 7·8 = 11·8% using the capital asset pricing model

To calculate the after-tax cost of debt, linear interpolation is needed

After-tax interest payment = 100 x 0·07 x (1 – 0·3) = $4·90

Year Cash flow $ 10% discount PV ($) 5% discount PV ($)

0 Market value (94·74) 1·000 (94·74) 1·000 (94·74)

1 to 7 Interest 4·9 4·868 23·85 5·786 28·35

7 Redemption 100 0·513 51·30 0·711 71·10

––––– –––––

(19·59) 4·71

––––– –––––

After-tax cost of debt = 5 + ((10 – 5) x 4·71)/(4·71 + 19·59) = 5 + 1·0 = 6·0%

Number of shares issued by KFP Co = $15m/0·5 = 30 million shares

Market value of equity = 30m x 4·2 = $126 million

Market value of bonds issued by KFP Co = 15m x 94·74/100 = $14·211 million

Total value of company = 126 + 14·211 = $140·211 million

WACC = ((11·8 x 126) + (6·0 x 14·211))/140·211 = 11·2%

(b) (i) Price/earnings ratio method

Earnings per share of NGN = 80c per share

Price/earnings ratio of KFP Co = 8

Share price of NGN = 80 x 8 = 640c or $6·40

Number of ordinary shares of NGN = 5/0·5 = 10 million shares

Value of NGN = 6·40 x 10m = $64 million

However, it can be argued that a reduction in the applied price/earnings ratio is needed as NGN is unlisted and thereforeits shares are more difficult to buy and sell than those of a listed company such as KFP Co. If we reduce the appliedprice/earnings ratio by 10% (other similar percentage reductions would be acceptable), it becomes 7·2 times and thevalue of NGN would be (80/100) x 7·2 x 10m = $57·6 million

下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

(c) Identify TWO QUALITATIVE benefits that might arise as a consequence of the investment in a new IT system

and explain how you would attempt to assess them. (4 marks)

正确答案：
(c) One of the main qualitative benefits that may arise from an investment in a new IT system by Moffat Ltd is the improved level
of service to its customers in the form. of reduced waiting times which may arise as a consequence of better scheduling of
appointments, inventory management etc. This could be assessed via the introduction of a questionnaire requiring customers
to rate the service that they have received from their recent visit to a location within Moffat Ltd according to specific criteria
such as adherence to appointment times, time taken to service the vehicle, cleanliness of the vehicle, attitude of staff etc.
Alternatively a follow-up telephone call from a centralised customer services department may be made by Moffat Ltd
personnel in order to gather such information.
Another qualitative benefit of the proposed investment may arise in the form. of competitive advantage. Improvements in
customer specific information and service levels may give Moffat Ltd a competitive advantage. Likewise, improved inventory
management may enable costs to be reduced thereby enabling a ‘win-win’ relationship to be enjoyed with its customers.

4 Assume today’s date is 15 May 2005.

In March 1999, Bob was made redundant from his job as a furniture salesman. He decided to travel round the world,

and did so, returning to the UK in May 2001. Bob then decided to set up his own business selling furniture. He

started trading on 1 October 2001. After some initial success, the business made losses as Bob tried to win more

customers. However, he was eventually successful, and the business subsequently made profits.

The results for Bob’s business were as follows:

Period Schedule D Case I

Trading Profits/(losses)

￡

1 October 2001 – 30 April 2002 13,500

1 May 2002 – 30 April 2003 (18,000)

1 May 2003 – 30 April 2004 28,000

Bob required funds to help start his business, so he raised money in three ways:

(1) Bob is a keen cricket fan, and in the 1990s, he collected many books on cricket players. To raise money, Bob

started selling books from his collection. These had risen considerably in value and sold for between ￡150 and

￡300 per book. None of the books forms part of a set. Bob created an internet website to advertise the books.

Bob has not declared this income, as he believes that the proceeds from selling the books are non-taxable.

(2) He disposed of two paintings and an antique silver coffee set at auction on 1 December 2004, realising

chargeable gains totalling ￡23,720.

(3) Bob took a part time job in a furniture store on 1 January 2003. His annual salary has remained at ￡12,600

per year since he started this employment.

Bob has 5,000 shares in Willis Ltd, an unquoted trading company based in the UK. He subscribed for these shares

in August 2000, paying ￡3 per share. On 1 December 2004, Bob received a letter informing him that the company

had gone into receivership. As a result, his shares were almost worthless. The receivers dealing with the company

estimated that on the liquidation of the company, he would receive no more than 10p per share for his shareholding.

He has not yet received any money.

Required:

(a) Write a letter to Bob advising him on whether or not he is correct in believing that his book sales are nontaxable.

Your advice should include reference to the badges of trade and their application to this case.

(9 marks)

正确答案：
(a) Evidence of trading
[Client address]
[Own address]
[Date]
Dear Bob,
I note that you have been selling some books in order to raise some extra income. While you believe that the sums are not
taxable, I believe that there may be a risk of the book sales being treated as a trade, and therefore taxable under Schedule D
Case I. We need to refer to guidance in the form. of a set of principles known as the ‘badges of trade’. These help determine
whether or not a trade exists, and need to be looked at in their entirety. The badges are as follows.
1. The subject matter
Some assets can be enjoyed by themselves as an investment, while others (such as large amounts of aircraft linen) are
clearly not. It is likely that such assets are acquired as trading stock, and are therefore a sign of trading. Sporting books
can be an investment, and so this test is not conclusive.
2. Frequency of transactions
Where transactions are frequent (not one-offs), this suggests trading. You have sold several books, which might suggest
trading, although you have only done this for a short period - between one and two years.
3. Length of ownership
Where items are bought and sold soon afterwards, this indicates trading. You bought your books in the 1990s, and the
length of time between acquisition and sale would not suggest trading.
4. Supplementary work and marketing
You are actively marketing the books on your internet website, which is an indication of trading.
5. Profit motive
A motive to make profit suggests trading activity. You sold the books to raise funds for your property business, and not
to make a profit as such, which suggests that your motive was to raise cash, and not make profits.
6. The way in which the asset sold was acquired.
Selling assets which were acquired unintentionally (such as a gift) is not usually seen as trading. You acquired the books
for your collection over a period of time, and while these were intentional acquisitions, the reasons for doing so were for
your personal pleasure.
By applying all of these tests, it should be possible to argue that you were not trading, merely selling some assets in
order to generate short-term cash for your business.
The asset disposals will be taxed under the capital gain tax rules, but as the books are chattels and do not form. part of
a set, they will be exempt from capital gains tax.
Yours sincerely
A N. Accountant

(e) Briefly provide five reasons to the management of Bailey’s why financial rewards could be considered to improve motivation. (5 marks)

正确答案：
(e) There are issues at Bailey’s as a consequence of poor pay. Although non-financial motivation has an important role to play in encouraging commitment, the fact remains that financial rewards act as a strong motivating factor, especially in what has been a low pay business. Financial rewards are all encompassing and apply to all employees at all levels, are universally applicable, able to satisfy all types of need and simple to apply and understand. At Bailey’s, financial rewards have a greater effect because they can provide recognition and prestige if pay is improved, are seen as the most important hygiene factor(especially in a business with a history of low pay and low morale) and are a measure of achievement against goals, especially if some form. of bonus or performance related pay is introduced by the new management at Bailey’s. In addition, financial rewards are a basis for satisfaction and are often used as a form. of professional or social comparison outside the organisation.

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