ACCA考试P5科目模拟试题(2019-01-04)

正确答案：

正确答案：
(ii) The development of IFRSs for SMEs as a modification of existing IFRSs
Most SMEs have a narrower range of users than listed entities. The main groups of users are likely to be the owners,
suppliers and lenders. In deciding upon the modifications to make to IFRS, the needs of the users will need to be taken
into account as well as the costs and other burdens imposed upon SMEs by the IFRS. There will have to be a relaxation
of some of the measurement and recognition criteria in IFRS in order to achieve the reduction in the costs and the
burdens. Some disclosure requirements, such as segmental reports and earnings per share, are intended to meet the
needs of listed entities, or to assist users in making forecasts of the future. Users of financial statements of SMEs often
do not make such kinds of forecasts. Thus these disclosures may not be relevant to SMEs, and a review of all of the
disclosure requirements in IFRS will be required to assess their appropriateness for SMEs.
The difficulty is determining which information is relevant to SMEs without making the information disclosed
meaningless or too narrow/restricted. It may mean that measurement requirements of a complex nature may have to be
omitted.
There are, however, rational grounds for justifying different treatments because of the different nature of the entities and
the existence of established practices at the time of the issue of an IFRS.

正确答案：
(c) There are numerous criticisms that have been made regarding the BCG growth share matrix. Two such criticisms are as
follows:
– It is a model and the weakness of any model is inherent in its assumptions. For example many strategists are of the
opinion that the axes of the model are much too simplistic. The model implies that competitive strength is indicated by
relative market share. However other factors such as strength of brands, perceived product/service quality and costs
structures also contribute to competitive strength.
Likewise the model implies that the attractiveness of the marketplace is indicated by the growth rate of the market. This
is not necessarily the case as organisations that lack the necessary capital resources may find low-growth markets an
attractive proposition especially as they tend to have a lower risk profile than high-growth markets.
– There are problems with defining the market. The model requires management to define the marketplace within which
a business is trading in order that its rate of growth and relative market share can be calculated. This can prove
problematic in comparing competitors since if they supply different products and services then the absence of a
consistent basis for comparison impairs the usefulness of the model.
Other valid criticisms include the following:
The application of the BCG matrix may prove costly and time-consuming since it necessitates the collection of a large
amount of data. The use of the model may also lead to unfortunate consequences, such as:
– Moving into areas where there is little experience
– Over-milking of cash cows
– Abandonment of potentially healthy businesses labelled as problem children
– Neglect of interrelationships among businesses, and
– Too many problem children within the business portfolio largely as a consequence of incorrect focus of
management attention.