2019年MBA考试《英语》章节练习(2019-11-08)

发布时间：2019-11-08

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2019年MBA考试《英语》考试共48题，分为英译汉和写作和完形填空和阅读理解A和阅读理解B。小编为您整理第六章 短文翻译5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、

    An Asian engineer is assigned to a U.S. laboratory and almost suffers a nervous breakdown. A U.S. executive tells his staff he's going to treat them fairly—and creates dissension. A Japanese manager is promoted by his American president, but within six months asks for a transfer. Each of these real-life cases involved people who were regarded as superior employees, but were ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management. 

    "Multinational companies have studied everything else, now they're finally looking at culture", says Clifford Clarke, founder and president of the California-based IRI International Inc. "Never show the shoe to an Arab, never arrive in time for a party in Brazil, and in Japan, don't think ‘yes' means ‘yes'," advise U.S. consultants Lennie Copland and Lewis Brown Griggs, who have produced a series of films and a book to help managers improve their international business skills. But simply learning the social "do's" and "don'ts" is not the answer, according to the new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out, can be disastrous.

【英译汉】

答案解析:       一个亚洲工程师被派到美国的实验室后精神几乎崩溃。一个美国经理告诉他的员工自己将公平对待他们，而这却导致了冲突。一个日本经理获得了美国总裁的提升，但不到六个月就要求调任。这些实际生活中的例子涉及到了那些被认为是高级雇员的人，这些人没有准备好去处理跨文化管理中的复杂性及危险性。
       总部位于加利福尼亚的IRI国际公司创始人兼总裁Clifford Clarke指出，国际化公司已研究了其他方面，现在他们终于开始正视文化方面了。美国顾问Lennie Copland和Lewis Brown Griggs建议：决不要向阿拉伯人展示鞋，在巴西参加聚会决不要按时到，在日本不要认为yes就是同意。这些顾问拍摄了一系列短片，并写了一本书以帮助经理们提高他们的国际化经营管理技能。据新文化专家说，仅仅学习社交场合中“应该做什么”和“不应该做什么”不是解决之道。他们指出忽视不同的思维方式，惩罚后果会很严重。

2、

    120 presidents and prime ministers will gather in New York for a UN conference on climate change. It is the first time the subject has brought so many leaders together since the ill-fated Copenhagen summit of 2009. Now, as then, they will assert that reining in global warming is a political priority. Some may commit their governments to policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

    According to scientists, cutting carbon-dioxide emission is an essential part of reducing catastrophic risk from climate change. Yet governments are persistently reluctant to provide estimates of how much carbon a policy saves. That may because, in countries where climate change is controversial, it makes more sense to talk about the other benefits a scheme offers rather than its effect on carbon. Or it may be that, in countries which are enthusiastic about renewable energy, pointing out that it may not save that much carbon is seen as unhelpful. Or perhaps governments think climate change is so serious that all measures must be taken, regardless of cost.

【英译汉】

答案解析:

       据报道120多位国家总统和首相将会汇聚纽约，出席联合国气候变化大会。这是自2009年一无所获的哥本哈根气候大会之后，多国元首第一次为了此项议题聚会。就像当时一样，他们如今也一致认为控制全球变暖是政治的头等大事。一些国家元首可能会承诺实行以削减温室气体排放为目标的相关政策。

       科学家认为，减少二氧化碳排放量是降低气候变化导致的灾难风险必不可少的一步。但是，各国政府始终都不愿就其政策可减少的碳排放量问题给出预估。这也许是因为，在某些国家，气候变化问题仍然存在争议，这样，对政府而言，展示其政策的其他收效而非减排更有意义；有些国家热衷于再生能源，指出政府政策未能完成减排量也于事无补；有些国家认为气候变化问题非常严重，应该不惜代价，采取措施（应对）。

3、

    For the past five years, Tianjin University in northern China has provided free accommodation for parents in what it calls “tents of love.” Other schools let parents sleep on mats in school gymnasiums.

    Images of school gyms packed with parents have been widely shared on Chinese social media prompting a debate on whether China’s only children are treated too kindly and generously. Some have voiced criticism of Tianjin University, saying that they think both the parents and the children should be more independent.

    China’s children are often doted on by parents and two sets of grandparents, prompting fears that China has produced a generation of “little emperors” unable or unwilling to take care of themselves.

    Some experts think that the problem is overstated. They claimed that for some families, it’s their way to celebrate the first-ever family member who’s able to go to college. There’s nothing wrong with sharing the happiness.

【英译汉】

答案解析:      过去五年来，天津大学一直为家长们提供免费住处，并将其称为“爱的帐篷”。其它学校也让家长借宿在学校体育馆的垫子上。
      学校体育馆里挤满家长的图片在中国的社交媒体上广泛流传，引起了人们对中国独生子女是否太过娇惯的争论。有人批评天津大学的做法，他们认为家长和孩子都应该更加独立。
      中国的千禧一代，常常是被爸妈哄着，爷爷奶奶姥姥姥爷宠着，使人担心中国培养了一代“小皇帝”，不愿意自理或缺乏自理能力。
      一些专家认为，问题严重性被夸大了。他们认为，对一些家庭来说，这是对家里出了第一位大学生的庆祝方式，分享这份喜悦没什么不对的。

4、

   Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely — though by no means uniformly — glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all. 

    Now Utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to. 

    But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years一 so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens，if not hundreds，of thousands of years. According to the UN, there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.

【英译汉】

答案解析:

       直到几十年前，我们对未来的展望——尽管并不完全一致——但大多极为乐观。（人们相信）科技将会解决人类一切问题，让所有人都过上充满机遇和满足感的生活。

       如今，随着我们对自身面临的一系列威胁（从小行星撞击到肆虐的流感，再到气候变化）有了更深刻的了解，乌托邦式的美好想象已变得不再流行。你甚至会禁不住认为人类几乎没什么未来可期待了。

       然而，这种悲观的想法是错误的。化石记录表明许多物种可以存在数百万年——人类为何不可能呢？从更宏观的视角来审视我们人类在宇宙中的位置会很清楚地发现，我们很可能会生存数万年(即使不是几十万年）的时间。根据联合国的看法，当前并不存在任何重大威胁可导致人类数量的整体下降。

5、    Climate change is a global issue of common concern to the international community. In recent years, worldwide heat waves, droughts, floods and other extreme climate events have occurred frequently, making the impact of climate change increasingly prominent. It has become a main world trend that all countries join hands to respond to climate change and promote green and low-carbon development.
    China is the world's largest developing country, with a large population, insufficient energy resources, complex climate and fragile eco-environment. It has not yet completed the historical task of industrialization and urbanization and its development is unbalanced. China's per-capita GDP in 2010 was only a little more than RMB 29,000. By the UN standard, China still has a poverty-stricken population of over 100 million, thus it faces an extremely arduous task in developing its economy, eliminating poverty and improving the people's livelihood. In the meantime, China is one of the countries most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. 【英译汉】

答案解析:       对于国际社会来讲，气候变化是个普遍关注的全球性问题。近年来，全球性热浪、干旱、洪水以及其他极端气候事件频频发生，使得气候变化的影响变得越来越突出。世界各国携手共同应对气候变化并促进绿色与低碳事业发展，已成为世界上的一个主流趋势。
       中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口众多，能源不足，气候复杂，生态环境脆弱。迄今尚未完成工业化与城市化的历史任务，并且发展也不均衡。中国在2010年的人均GDP仅仅是2万9千多人民币。根据联合国的贫困标准，中国仍有1亿多的贫困人口，因此，中国在发展经济、消除贫困以及改善民生方面面临的任务极为艰巨。同时，中国还是最容易遭受气候变化负作用影响的国家之一。

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下面小编为大家准备了 MBA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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