考前必看：2021年考研英语法学类阅读理解模拟题及答案（十六）

发布时间：2020-10-14

最近，有小伙伴在询问最后阶段，考研英语该如何备考才最有效。最后阶段，我们应该将备考的重点放在复习和了解考试上，多去练习历年真题和模拟试题。下面，51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，一起来看看吧。

A white kid sells a bag of cocaine at his suburban high school. A Latino kid does the same in his inner-city neighborhood. Both get caught. Both are first-time offenders. The white kid walks into juvenile court with his parents， his priest， a good lawyer-and medical coverage. The Latino kid walks into court with his mom， no legal resources and no insurance. The judge lets the white kid go with his family; he\\'s placed in a private treatment program. The minority kid has no such option. He\\'s detained.

There， in a nutshell， is what happens more and more often in the juvenile-court system. Minority youths arrested on violent felony charges in California are more than twice as likely as their white counterparts to be transferred out of the juvenile-justice system and tried as adults， according to a study released last week by the Justice Policy Institute， a research center in San Francisco. Once they are in adult courts， young black offenders are 18 times more likely to be jailed-and Hispanics seven times more likely-than are young white offenders. “Discrimination against kids of color accumulates at every stage of the justice system and skyrockets when juveniles are， tried as adults，” says Dan Macallair， a co-author of the new study. “California has a double standard： throw kids of color behind bars， but .rehabilitate white kids who commit comparable crimes.”

Even as juvenile crime has declined from its peak in the early 1990s， headline grabbing violence by minors has intensified a get-tough attitude. Over the past six years， 43 states have passed laws that make it easier to try juveniles as adults. In Texas and Connecticut in 1996， the latest year for which figures are available， all the juveniles in jails were minorities. Vincent Schiraldi， the Justice Policy Institute\\'s director， concedes that “some kids need to be tried as adults. But most can be rehabilitated.”

Instead， adult prisons tend to brutalize juveniles. They are eight times more likely to commit suicide and five times more likely to be sexually abused than offenders held in juvenile detention. “Once they get out， they tend to commit more crimes and more violent crimes，” says Jenni Gainsborough， a spokeswoman for the Sentencing Project， a reform group in Washington. The system， in essence， is training career criminals. And it\\'s doing its worst work among minorities.

注(1)本文选自By Anamaria Wilson Time; 02/14/2000， Vol. 155 Issue 6， p68， 1/3p

注(2)本文习题命题模仿对象1997年真题text 5(其中因1997年真题text 5只有4个题目，所以本文第4题模仿参照对象为1999年 Text 4的第4题。)

1. From the first paragraph we learn that _________.

[A]the white kid is more lucky than the minority kid

[B]the white kid has got a lot of help than the minority kid

[C]the white kid and minority kid has been treated differently

[D]the minority kid should be set free at once.

2. According to the passage， which of the following is TRUE?

[A]Kids shouldn‘t be tried as adults.

[B] Discrimination exists in the justice system.

[C]Minority kids are likely to commit crimes.

[D] States shouldn‘t pass the laws.

3. The word “skyrocket” (Line 13， Paragraph 2) means ________.

[A]rising sharply

[B]widening suddenly

[C]spreading widely

[D]expanding quickly

4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.

[A] something seems to be wrong with the justice system

[B]adult prisons have bad influence on the juveniles

[C] juveniles in adult prison are ill-treated

[D]the career criminals are trained by the system

5. The passage shows that the author is _________ the present situation.

[A] amazed at

[B]puzzled by

[C]disappointed at

[D] critical of

答案：CBAAD

题目分析

1. 答案为C，属推理判断题。作者在第一段中进行对比，目的在于引出同一性质案例因为对象不同，从而处理结果也不同这一论点。

2. 答案为B，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是：“Discrimination against kids of color accumulates at every stage of the justice system and skyrockets when juveniles are， tried as adults”。其它选项意思与原文不符。

3. 答案为A ，属猜词题。从单词所在的句子语境中，我们可以判断skyrocket与accumulate的意思相近，并且程度更强。了解到这一点就不难作出选择。

4.答案为A，属推理判断题。原文相关信息是“The system， in essence， is training career criminals. And it\\'s doing its worst work among minorities”。

5.答案为D，属情感态度题。作者通篇都在阐述司法机关对有色人种青少年的不公正待遇。

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：2021年考研正式报名已经开始，在预报名阶段未来得及报名的小伙伴要注意了。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。

下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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理中丸可以用于治疗

A.睥胃虚寒证
B.阳虚失血证
C.小儿慢惊风
D.胸痹

答案：A,B,C,D

解析：

理中干姜参术甘，温中健脾治虚寒，中阳不足痛呕利，丸汤两用腹中暖——人参、干姜、白术、炙甘草——温中祛寒，补气健脾——主治：脾胃虚寒证；阳虚失血证；脾胃虚寒所致的胸痹；或病后多涎唾；或小儿慢惊等。

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下列哪个不属于抗血小板聚积和黏附的药物?
A.双嘧达莫（dipyridamole) B.阿司匹林（aspirin) C..噻氯匹定（ticlopidine)
D.双香豆素 E.芬氟咪唑

答案：D

解析：

双嘧达莫(潘生丁）可使血小板内环磷酸腺苷增高，抑制Ca 2+活性。阿司匹林的机理为抑制TXA2的生成,较少影响PGI2的产生。噻氯匹定抑制血小板内Ca2+活性，并抑制血小板之间纤维蛋白原 桥形成。芬氟咪唑抑制TXA2合成酶。所给A、B、C、E项药物均可通过上述机制抗血小板黏附。双香豆 素化学结构与VitK类似，与肝脏中有关的酶蛋白竞争性结合，使该酶催化等因子形成 的作用受到抑制,而起抗凝作用，对血小板的聚积和黏附无影响。答案为D。

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2006年9月，董某到某银行取款时，意外发现自己的银行卡里多了50万元存款。经查，是银行误将一个与董某同名同姓人的存款存入董某的卡里。此种情形可构成( )。

A.意外事件
B.不当得利
C.赠与行为
D.侵权行为

答案：B

解析：

不当得利是指没有合法根据获得利益而使他人财产受损的事实。其构成要件包括：一方获得利益，他方受有损失，一方获益和他方受损之间有因果关系，获益没有合法依据。题中董某所得利益虽然是基于银行的错误导致，其自身没有恶意，但是依然符合不当得利的构成要件，应当将该不当得利加以返还。故而选择A项。 该题说明，己方过失的存在与否并不决定是否构成不当得利，很多不当得利其实都是在不当得利人不知情时发生的。

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不宜与莱菔子同用的药物是

A.北沙参
B.玄参
C.太子参
D.人参

答案：D

解析：

人参与莱菔子属于相恶的配伍，莱菔子能消弱人参的补气作用。

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