每日必练：2021年考研政治模拟题（二十三）
发布时间：2020-10-09
2021年考研初试备考还有最后的近三个月时间，相信大家也都在紧张的复习当中。在复习时，多做练习题可以让我们更加了解考试内容。下面，51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，正在备考的小伙伴赶紧练起来吧。
分析题：
5.请阅读材料，回答问题:
“二战”后中东局势一直动荡不安，各种地区冲突和局部战争此起彼伏，连绵不断。其中仅阿拉伯国家与以色列之间就进行了5次大规模的战争。而1980年9月发生的两伊战争，则整整打了8年。特别是20世纪90年代初的海湾危机和海湾战争更是牵动了整个世界。时至2003年3月，美、英又对伊拉克发动了一场“先发制人”的战争，迅速占领了伊拉克。2006年7月，黎以之间再次爆发大规模的冲突。至于小规模的武装冲突从未间断过，军事政变、内战和恐怖暗杀等暴力事件也时有发生。可以说，在战后的世界上，没有哪一个地区像中东那样经历如此长期和频繁的战争与冲突。
根据材料请回答：
(1)中东局势动荡不安的原因是什么?解决中东问题的难题又是什么?(6分)
(2)当今世界的发展趋势和时代主流及其原因。(4分)
参考答案及解析
5.【考点说明】
国际局势中的地区热点问题。
【参考答案】
(1)中东地区地处欧、亚、非三大洲联结处的战略地位，丰富的石油资源，错综复杂的民族矛盾，宗教纠纷及外部势力的干涉，使其局势长期动荡不稳，究其原因，既有重要的外部背景，也有复杂的内部原因。第一，大国势力及地区强国势力之间的相互争斗是导致中东安全形势及一些中东国家政局长期动荡的外部原因。第二，中东地区国家间及国家内部民族、宗教和教派矛盾错综复杂，是造成中东地区动乱的内部原因。(2分)
中东地区的动荡和冲突不会在近期终结，国际社会争取和平的努力也不会终止，但要真正实现和平，还要跨越众多难题：领土和边界纠纷，耶路撒冷未来地位，巴勒斯坦难民，犹太人定居点，水资源分配等。(2分)(2)就国际社会的总体形势而言，要和平、求合作、促发展已成为时代的主流，避免新的世界大战，维持较长时期的世界和平与稳定是完全可能的。这是因为：首先，作为世界大战特别是核大战主要根源的美苏两个超级大国之间的争夺已发生了实质转变。(2分)其次，发达资本主义国家之间虽存在严重的矛盾与竞争，但经济的全球化使各国特别是发达国家在经济上的联系和依赖日益加深，它们之间存在着协调与合作。(2分)第三，冷战后大国关系加紧调整，形成一种“一超多强”的局面，各大国之间相互联系、相互借重、相互制约，保持相对稳定的局面。(2分)
以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：以上内容仅为参考，在做试题练习时，小伙伴们还是要以考研大纲为准，有针对性的去做题哦。最后，51题库考试学习网预祝参加2021年考研初试的小伙伴都能取得优异的成绩。
下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。
治疗哮喘实证的主穴是（ ）
A.列缺、尺泽、膻中、肺俞、定喘
B.列缺、尺泽、膻中、肺俞、定喘、风门
C.列缺、尺泽、膻中、肺俞、定喘、丰隆
D.列缺、尺泽、膻中、肺俞、定喘、大椎、曲池
答案：A
解析：
针灸治疗哮喘的主穴是：列缺、尺泽、膻中、肺俞、定喘。
Text 4 The EU's faltering progress towards a common system of taxing the huge revenues of the new digital giants lurched forward this morning as Margrethe Vestager,the EU commissioner in charge of competition,declared that Amazon had received unfair state aid from Luxembourg through its tax arrangements,and demanded that it pay￡250m in back taxes.At the same time,Ms Vestager announced that the European commission would haul Ireland up before the European court of justice for its failure to demand￡13bn of unpaid tax from Apple,identi{ied in an earlier investigation.The lwo events illusrrate the gulf between the commission,together with some of the EU's iargest economies,and smaller members such as Ireland and Luxembourg.Both Ireland and Luxembourg defend their tax arrangements.Ireland in particular welcomes the thousands of goocl jobs that the tech giants bring and has no desire to find ways of extracting more tax from thcm in case it drives them away.The Irish government also insists that taxation is a sovereign matter,not an arena for EU interference.（ ）thers are under pressure from voters who are outraged that any company can make so much profit in their country and pay so little tax on it.Revenue from Facebook's UK operations,it has emerged,nearly quadrupled last year t0 842m,through growth in digital ad sales;its corporation tax bill crept up from 4.2m t0 5.Im.The US inland revenue service is also keen to find transparent ways of taxing the new digital economy,and is watching jealously as the European commission draws up its plans,suspicious of any move that might be used by the tech giants to offset their US tax bills.Already,companies such as Google and Amazon hold billions of dollars in offshore funds,where ihey are out of reach of the taxman.The US defensiveness about its own tax revenues points to the need for a global rather than a merely European solution to the question of how,what and whcre to tax the digital economy,but progress through the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development（OECD）is glacial,and would in any event only be advisory.The commission is still hoping to get agreement on a common corporate tax base that would help to identify the parameters of any new tax system,but progress has stalled because of complexities around double taxation.Meanwhile the American Chamber of Commerce in Europe（ACCE）is warning that any attempt to tax the tech giants more would threaten investment and expansion.But across most of the EU discontent is growing,not just over the failure to pay tax-which has already prompted some tech companies to become more transparent,and even pay more-but over many of their practices.The chief executive of the ride-hailing app Uber has been in London this week trying to patch up relations with Transport for London（TfL）.Margrethe Vestager is right:enforcing regulations works.
Ireland disagrees with European commission's digital tax reform in that_____
A.it would reduce its employment opportunities
B.it fails to respect the will of Irish voters
C.it may widen the gap between rich and poor countries
D.it threatens the sovereignty of weaker countries
答案：A
解析：
[信息锁定]第二段③句指出，爱尔兰尤其欢迎科技公司为其国内创造的无数工作岗位，无意（配合欧盟税改）考虑多征税，以免公司撤离本土。由此可知，税改会降低就业率，A.正确。[解题技巧]B.是由第三段“爱尔兰、卢森堡以外欧盟成员国对于税改的态度”扭曲而成。C.从第二段①句中largest economies．and smaller members.…及其态度分歧主观臆断出税改将加大两类国家贫富差异。D.源于第二段末句taxatlon is a sovereign matter．此处强调税改的属性：属于家务事，故欧盟不应插足，而非选项传达的”威胁国家主权，所以反对”这一逻辑，其次还将范围缩小至“弱国”。
下列哪项属于肠外营养本身引起的并发症？
A.低钾血症 B.锌缺乏 C.胆囊结石形成 D.血糖过高或过低
答案：C
解析：
肠外营养的代谢性并发症包括三方面：补充不足、糖代谢异常和肠外营养本身的并发症。
①补充不足所致并发症——电解质紊乱、微量元素缺乏、必需脂肪酸缺乏。
②糖代谢紊乱所致的并发症——低血糖及高血糖、肝功能损害。
③肠外营养本身的并发症——胆囊内胆泥及结石形成、胆汁淤积及肝酶谱升高、肠屏障功能减退。
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