2020年ACCA考试《财务会计》备考考点(5)

发布时间：2020-10-18

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THE CONTROL ENVIRONMENT OF A COMPANY 

Seven Human resources policies and practices

As explained in ISA 315, ‘human resource policies and practices demonstrate important matters in relation to the control consciousness of an entity’. This implies that if human resources policies and practices are considered sound both in design and in implementation over a range of matters, then the risk of material misstatement will be reduced.

Examples of these matters include:

Recruitment policies and procedures. These should ensure that the company employs only competent individuals with integrity. Interview procedures should ensure that only candidates meeting the company’s criteria for recruitment are engaged.

There should be adequate induction procedures for new employees, such that they can carry out their assigned responsibilities effectively and efficiently soon after being engaged by the company.

Employees should be provided with ongoing training, support and mentoring as appropriate, such that they can continue to carry out their assigned responsibilities effectively and efficiently.

There should be regular formal appraisal, at least annually of an employee’s performance. Performance should be measured against standardized criteria authorized by senior management of the company, and there should be ongoing monitoring and feedback to employees about their performance and development needs. ?

The company should employ comprehensive and transparent employment grievance procedures, such that employees can be confident that grievances will be dealt with openly and impartially.

There should be open, transparent and equitable employee disciplinary procedures, such that employees can be confident the company will not treat them unfairly in the event that an action triggers its disciplinary process.

Employment termination procedures should incorporate provision for an exit interview so that the reason for the termination can be confirmed or clarified, all emoluments due to the employee can be settled and arrangements can be made for the return of all company assets prior to the termination date.

While each of the above measures will have a positive affect the internal control of a company, to some extent they all have the effect of reducing the risk of material misstatement in the financial statements. For example, the existence of fair and robust grievance and disciplinary procedures reduce the possibility of a successful claim against the company for constructive or unfair dismissal, and the absence of a material provision in this respect. Significantly, the existence of human resources policies and practices that are the same or similar to those above should leave a favorable impression with the auditor, as to the directors’ attitude toward their company’s workforce. It is likely that such an attitude would foster good working relationships with employees, leading to an increased likelihood that individuals would reciprocate by carrying out their tasks diligently with integrity in the best interests of the company – resulting in a reduced risk of material misstatement.

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下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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(ii) Comment on the figures in the statement prepared in (a)(i) above. (4 marks)

正确答案：
(ii) The statement of product profitability shows that CTC is forecast to achieve a profit of $2·185 million in 2008 giving a
profit:sales ratio of 11·9%. However, the forecast profit in 2009 is only $22,000 which would give a profit:sales ratio
of just 0·19%! Total sales volume in 2008 is 390,000 units which represent 97·5% utilisation of total annual capacity.
In stark contrast, the total sales volume in 2009 is forecast to be 240,000 units which represents 60% utilisation of
total annual capacity and shows the expected rapid decline in sales volumes of Bruno and Kong products. The rapid
decline in the sales of these two products is only offset to a relatively small extent by increased sales volume from the
Leo product. It is vital that a new product or products with healthy contribution to sales ratios are introduced.
Management should also undertake cost/benefit analyses in order to assess the potential of extending the life of Bruno
and Kong products.

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(c) Using the information contained in Appendix 1.2, compare the performance of HLP and MAS incorporating

relevant percentage and ratio statistics under the following headings:

(i) Competitiveness; (5 marks)

正确答案：

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(b) Explain the advantages and the disadvantages of:

(i) the face to face interview between two people; (6 marks)

正确答案：
(b) (i) The face to face interview is the most common form. of interview. In this situation the candidate is interviewed by a single representative of the employing organisation.
The advantages of such interviews are that they establish an understanding between the participants, are cost effective for the organisation (only one member of the organisation’s staff is involved) and, because of the more personal nature, ensure that candidates feel comfortable.
The disadvantages are that the selection interview relies on the views and impression of a single interviewer that can be both subjective and biased. In addition, the interviewer may be selective in questioning and it is easier for the candidate to hide weaknesses or lack of ability.

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