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The world economy develops rapidly. As a result, longevity and life ______ have increased worldwide.
A.expected
B.expectation
C.expecting
D.expectancy
B.expectation
C.expecting
D.expectancy
参考答案
参考解析
解析：本题考查形近词辨析。题目意为“世界经济发展迅速。结果是，全世界的寿命和预期寿命都增加了。”四个选项都是expect的不同形式：A选项过去分词，形容词；B选项“期望，期待”，名词；C选项现在分词；D选项“预期，期待”，名词。 固定搭配life expectancy 预期寿命，平均寿命。
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When countries develop economically,people live longer lives.Development experts have long Delieved this is because having more money expands lifespan,but a massive new study suggests that education may play a bigger role.The finding has huge implications for public health spending.Back in 1975,economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries'wealth,and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity.It seemed self-evident:everything people need to be health from food to medical care--costs money But soon it emerged that the data didn't always fit that theory.Economic upturns didn’t always mean longer lives.In addition,for reasons that weren't clear,a given gain in gross domestic product（GDP）caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time,as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life.Me moreover,in the 1980s researchers found ga ins in literacy were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were Finally,the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated compatriots.But such people also tend to be wealthier,so it has been difficult to untangle which factor is increasing lifespan Permanent change Wolfgang Lutz of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Vienna and colleagues have now done that by compiling average data on GDP per person,lifespans,and years of education from 174 countries,dating from 1970 to 2010 They found that,Just as in 1975,wealth correlated with longevity.But the correlation between longevity and years of schooling was closer,with a direct relationship that did not change over time way wealth does When the team put both these factors into the same mathematical model,they found that differences in education closely predicted differences in life expectancy,while changes in wealth barely mattered Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy,this correlation reflects cause:better education drives longer life.It also tends to lead to more wealh,which is why wealth and longevity are also correlated.But what is important,says Lutz,is that wealth does not seem to be driving longevity,as experts thought-in fact,education is driving both of them Lifestyle choices Some medical professionals may not like these findings,"says Lutz,as they suggest schools may be a better health investment than high-tech hospitals.But RudigerKrech at the World Health Organization welcomes the study."It confirms education as a major social determinant of health,"he says-aconcept WHO actively promotes.But if medical health experts welcome the findings,economists are less comfortable Sangheon Lee,at the UN International Labour Organisation in Geneva,Switzerland agrees education affects lifespan but doubts that simple models like Lutz's can fully resolve cause and effect."It's a very difficult econometric problem,"he says,with health,wealth and education all affecting each other But Lutz says that extreme examples are telling.Cuba is dead poor but has a higher life expectancy than the US because it is well educated.Meanwhile in oil-rich but poorly-educated Equatorial Guinea,people rarely reach 60
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D.Life expectancy can be accurately predicted by one s education.
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When countries develop economically,people live longer lives.Development experts have long Delieved this is because having more money expands lifespan,but a massive new study suggests that education may play a bigger role.The finding has huge implications for public health spending.Back in 1975,economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries'wealth,and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity.It seemed self-evident:everything people need to be health from food to medical care--costs money But soon it emerged that the data didn't always fit that theory.Economic upturns didn’t always mean longer lives.In addition,for reasons that weren't clear,a given gain in gross domestic product（GDP）caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time,as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life.Me moreover,in the 1980s researchers found ga ins in literacy were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were Finally,the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated compatriots.But such people also tend to be wealthier,so it has been difficult to untangle which factor is increasing lifespan Permanent change Wolfgang Lutz of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Vienna and colleagues have now done that by compiling average data on GDP per person,lifespans,and years of education from 174 countries,dating from 1970 to 2010 They found that,Just as in 1975,wealth correlated with longevity.But the correlation between longevity and years of schooling was closer,with a direct relationship that did not change over time way wealth does When the team put both these factors into the same mathematical model,they found that differences in education closely predicted differences in life expectancy,while changes in wealth barely mattered Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy,this correlation reflects cause:better education drives longer life.It also tends to lead to more wealh,which is why wealth and longevity are also correlated.But what is important,says Lutz,is that wealth does not seem to be driving longevity,as experts thought-in fact,education is driving both of them Lifestyle choices Some medical professionals may not like these findings,"says Lutz,as they suggest schools may be a better health investment than high-tech hospitals.But RudigerKrech at the World Health Organization welcomes the study."It confirms education as a major social determinant of health,"he says-aconcept WHO actively promotes.But if medical health experts welcome the findings,economists are less comfortable Sangheon Lee,at the UN International Labour Organisation in Geneva,Switzerland agrees education affects lifespan but doubts that simple models like Lutz's can fully resolve cause and effect."It's a very difficult econometric problem,"he says,with health,wealth and education all affecting each other But Lutz says that extreme examples are telling.Cuba is dead poor but has a higher life expectancy than the US because it is well educated.Meanwhile in oil-rich but poorly-educated Equatorial Guinea,people rarely reach 60
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B.Because everything people need to stay physically healthy costs money
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阅读以上短文，回答200-202题。
第44题答案是__________A.are expected
B.have expected
C.is expected
D.had expected
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共用题干
第二篇In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.A:can be an advantageB:may limit incomeC:isn't necessaryD:is expensive
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单选题Fuel oil contamination of an auxiliary diesel engine lube oil can result in（）A
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问答题练习16 (1) Actually, the world’s birth rate is falling. But so is death rate, as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before. Such advances have also reduced baby death rate. (2) Unless population growth is reduced, the world population may reach 12 billion in a century. Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population?
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单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.A
can be an advantageB
may limit incomeC
isn't necessaryD
is expensive
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单选题A
Because it is very popular to learn Chinese around the world.B
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in Europe, people with longevity must not be lactase persistence.B
a genetic mutation on lactase persistence changed people’s life.C
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