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简述VRML（Virtual Reality Modeling Language）的定义及功能。
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Prior to the UML, there was no clearleading(66)Ianguage. Users had to choose from among many similar modeling languages with minor differences in overall(67)power. Most of the modeling languages shared a set of commonly accepted concepts that are expressed slightly differently in various languages. This lack of(68)discouraged new users from entering the OO market and from doing OO modeling, without greatly expanding the power of modeling. Users longed for the industry to adopt one, or a very few, broadly supported modeling languages suitable for(69)usage.Some Vendors were discouraged from entering the OO modeling area because of the need to support many similar, but slightly different, modeling languages. In particular, the supply of add-on tools has been depressed because small vendors cannot afford to support many different formats from many differem(70)modeling tools. It is important to the entire OO industry to encourage broadly based tools and vendors, as well as niche products that cater to the needs of specialized groups.A．programmingB．modelingC．formalD．intelligent
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UML的全称是( )。
A.Unify Modeling LanguageB.Unified Modeling LanguageC.Unified Modem LanguageD.Unified Making Language
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VRML is a(151)for 3D multimedia and shared virtual worlds on the WWW. In comparison to HTML, VRML adds the next level of interaction, structured graphics, and extra(152)(z and time) to the presentation of documents. The applications of VRML are(153), ranging from simple business graphics to entertaining WWW page graphics, manufacturing, scientific, entertainment, and educational applications, and 3D shared virtual worlds and communities.X3D is the name under which the development of VRML is continued. X3D is based on XML and is backwards(154)with VRML. Furthermore, it is componentized, profiled, and extensible, which makes it possible to use X3D in very different(155), from high-end visualizations to lightweight applications.A．linkB．formatC．structureD．procedure
考题
Prior to the UML, there was no clear leading(111)language. Users had to choose from among many similar modeling languages with minor differences in overall(112)power. Most of the modeling languages shared a set of commonly accepted concepts that are expressed slightly differently in various languages. This lack of(113)discouraged new users from entering the OO market and from doing OO modeling, without greatly expanding the power of modeling. Users longed for the industry to adopt one, or a very few, broadly supported modeling languages suitable for(114)usage.Some vendors were discouraged from entering the OO modeling area because of the need to support many similar, but slightly different, modeling languages. In particular, the supply of add-on tools has been depressed because small vendors cannot afford to support many different formats from many different(115) modeling tools. It is important to the entire O0 industry to encourage broadly based tools and vendors, as well as niche products that cater to the needs of specialized groups.A．programmingB．modelingC．formalD．intelligent
考题
Text3 In the past several years,as the nascent medium of virtual reality has come into its own,scientists and creators have begun to explore its potential effects on the human mind.Some are undoubtedly positive-as,for instance,when the technology is used to help war veterans overcome posttraumatic stress disorder,or as a means to expand a person's capacity for compassion.But the immediacy of virtual reality has a dark side,too.Several months ago,Michael Madary and Thomas K.Metzinger,researchers from the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz,in Germany,published a series of recommendations on the ethical design and implementation of virtual reality.Their appraisal of the medium's psychological force is both studious and foreboding."The power of virtual reality to induce particular kinds of emotions could be used deliberately to cause suffering,"they write."Conceivably,the suffering could be so extreme as to be considered torture."In filmmaking,the director must perform a kind of seduction of dread,leading viewers through an escalating series of psychological states.In the immersive world of virtual reality,no such dance is required.Part of the power of virtual reality-based horror comes from the fact that the director knows exactly where the viewer is looking."With that knowledge,we can play mind tricks or trigger events based on the gaze,"Jon Hibbins,the director of Psytec Games,a London-based virtual reality studio,said.For instance,he said,in Psytec's most recent fantasy-horror title,Crystal RiR,"a monster can appear in a vent only when the player looks at the vent."Hibbins claims that,as viewers'brains are tricked into believing that they are physically present in a reality,the memories they form are much stronger than those made when watching so-called flat-screen media.To soften these memories,Hibbins and his team have introduced a slider into their game that allows players to control the intensity of the horror."'Normal'will be an average scare experience,"he said."You'Il hear voices in the distance,ghosts in the corridors,sound from the voids,and snakes in the corridors.'Extreme'introduces jump scares,such as ghost figures that run through your body.It really does offer everyone an option."Stephan said,"Long-term,perhaps it's a case of building literacy in players and viewers so they understand when the scares are coming.For now,I think that means taking it slow."35.Which of the following would be the best title ofthe text?A.The Dark Side ofVirtual Reality
B.The Coming Horror ofVirtual Reality
C.Ways to Slow down Horror in Virtual Reality
D.Virtual Reality's Contribution to Games
考题
Text3 In the past several years,as the nascent medium of virtual reality has come into its own,scientists and creators have begun to explore its potential effects on the human mind.Some are undoubtedly positive-as,for instance,when the technology is used to help war veterans overcome posttraumatic stress disorder,or as a means to expand a person's capacity for compassion.But the immediacy of virtual reality has a dark side,too.Several months ago,Michael Madary and Thomas K.Metzinger,researchers from the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz,in Germany,published a series of recommendations on the ethical design and implementation of virtual reality.Their appraisal of the medium's psychological force is both studious and foreboding."The power of virtual reality to induce particular kinds of emotions could be used deliberately to cause suffering,"they write."Conceivably,the suffering could be so extreme as to be considered torture."In filmmaking,the director must perform a kind of seduction of dread,leading viewers through an escalating series of psychological states.In the immersive world of virtual reality,no such dance is required.Part of the power of virtual reality-based horror comes from the fact that the director knows exactly where the viewer is looking."With that knowledge,we can play mind tricks or trigger events based on the gaze,"Jon Hibbins,the director of Psytec Games,a London-based virtual reality studio,said.For instance,he said,in Psytec's most recent fantasy-horror title,Crystal RiR,"a monster can appear in a vent only when the player looks at the vent."Hibbins claims that,as viewers'brains are tricked into believing that they are physically present in a reality,the memories they form are much stronger than those made when watching so-called flat-screen media.To soften these memories,Hibbins and his team have introduced a slider into their game that allows players to control the intensity of the horror."'Normal'will be an average scare experience,"he said."You'Il hear voices in the distance,ghosts in the corridors,sound from the voids,and snakes in the corridors.'Extreme'introduces jump scares,such as ghost figures that run through your body.It really does offer everyone an option."Stephan said,"Long-term,perhaps it's a case of building literacy in players and viewers so they understand when the scares are coming.For now,I think that means taking it slow."32.The word"immersive"（Para.2）is closest in meaning toA.innovative.
B.implicit.
C.inhabited.
D.invented.
考题
Text3 In the past several years,as the nascent medium of virtual reality has come into its own,scientists and creators have begun to explore its potential effects on the human mind.Some are undoubtedly positive-as,for instance,when the technology is used to help war veterans overcome posttraumatic stress disorder,or as a means to expand a person's capacity for compassion.But the immediacy of virtual reality has a dark side,too.Several months ago,Michael Madary and Thomas K.Metzinger,researchers from the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz,in Germany,published a series of recommendations on the ethical design and implementation of virtual reality.Their appraisal of the medium's psychological force is both studious and foreboding."The power of virtual reality to induce particular kinds of emotions could be used deliberately to cause suffering,"they write."Conceivably,the suffering could be so extreme as to be considered torture."In filmmaking,the director must perform a kind of seduction of dread,leading viewers through an escalating series of psychological states.In the immersive world of virtual reality,no such dance is required.Part of the power of virtual reality-based horror comes from the fact that the director knows exactly where the viewer is looking."With that knowledge,we can play mind tricks or trigger events based on the gaze,"Jon Hibbins,the director of Psytec Games,a London-based virtual reality studio,said.For instance,he said,in Psytec's most recent fantasy-horror title,Crystal RiR,"a monster can appear in a vent only when the player looks at the vent."Hibbins claims that,as viewers'brains are tricked into believing that they are physically present in a reality,the memories they form are much stronger than those made when watching so-called flat-screen media.To soften these memories,Hibbins and his team have introduced a slider into their game that allows players to control the intensity of the horror."'Normal'will be an average scare experience,"he said."You'Il hear voices in the distance,ghosts in the corridors,sound from the voids,and snakes in the corridors.'Extreme'introduces jump scares,such as ghost figures that run through your body.It really does offer everyone an option."Stephan said,"Long-term,perhaps it's a case of building literacy in players and viewers so they understand when the scares are coming.For now,I think that means taking it slow."31.Virtual reality was originally designed asA.a treatment ofveterans'injury after wars.
B.an exploration of the myth in human mind.
C.a way to raise sympathy for others.
D.a remedy for mental disorder caused by stress
考题
VRML is a（1）for 3D multimedia and shared virtual worlds on the WWW. In comparison to HTML, VRML adds the next level of interaction, structured graphics, and extra（2）（z and time） to the presentation of documents. The applications of VRML are（3）,ranging from simple business graphics to entertaining WWW page graphics, manufacturing, scientific, entertainment, and educational applications, and 3D shared virtual worlds and communities. X3D is the name under which the development of VRML is continued. X3D is based on XML and is backwards（4）with VRML. Furthermore, it is componentized, profiled, and extensible, which makes it possible to use X3D in very different（5），from high-end visualizations to lightweight applications.
空白（3）处应选择（）A、broadB、implicitC、explicitD、special
考题
VRML的英文全称是（）。A、Virtual Reality Modeling LanguageB、Virtual Resource Management LanguageC、Virtual Reality Multi LanguageD、Visual reality Modeling Language
考题
单选题According to the passage, what is the ultimate purpose of virtual reality in education?A
To give special students a chance to experience life in the outside world.B
To train teachers to work with students with special needs.C
To allow special students to learn life-skills in a safe environment.D
To prepare special students for transition into mainstream society.
考题
单选题According to the author, which group might NOT benefit from virtual reality applications to education?A
Students with mental illness.B
Students with behavioral disorders.C
Students with physical handicaps.D
Students with developmental problems.
考题
单选题VRML is a（1）for 3D multimedia and shared virtual worlds on the WWW.In comparison to HTML, VRML adds the next level of interaction,structured graphics,andextra（2）（z and time）to the presentation of documents.The applications of VRMLare（3）,ranging from simple business graphics to entertaining WWW page graphics, manufacturing,scientific,entertainment,and educational applications,and 3D shared virtual worlds and communities. X3D is the name under wluch the development of VRML is continueD.X3D is based on XML andis backwards（4）with VRML.Furthermore,it is componentized,profiled, and extensible,which makes it possible to use X3D in very different（5）,from high-end visualizations to lightweight applications.
空白（4）处应选择（）A
inconsistentB
independentC
applicableD
compatible
考题
单选题VRML的英文全称是（）。A
Virtual Reality Modeling LanguageB
Virtual Resource Management LanguageC
Virtual Reality Multi LanguageD
Visual reality Modeling Language
考题
单选题Virtual reality can help future teachers learn how to _____.A
assess students’ skill levelsB
respond to individual student’s needsC
deal with students who misbehaveD
run an orderly classroom
考题
判断题虚拟现实（virtual reality，VR）或称虚拟环境（virtual environment，VE）是由计算机生成的、具有临场感觉的环境，它是一种全新的人机交互系统。A
对B
错
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