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colony
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The Quakers of Penn's colony, like their counterparts across the Delaware River in New Jersey, established an extremely liberal government for the seventeenth century.()
此题为判断题(对，错)。
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Passage TwoHow can a single postage stamp be worth $ 16,800?Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one in expensive' postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value.The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small is land in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer, and Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps.Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball (舞会) was planned at Mauritius' Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy the de sign for the stamps. He accidentally inscribed the words "Post Office" instead of "Post Paid" on the sever al hundred stamps that he printed.Today there are only twenty-six of these misprinted stamps left--fourteen "One Penny Orange-Reds" and twelve "Two Penny Blues". Because of the Two Penny Blue's rareness (罕见) and age, collectors have paid as much as $ 16,800 for it.36. A postage stamp's value to collectors is raised if ______.A. there are few others like itB. there are no errors on the stampsC. a mistake is made in the ,printingD. both A and C
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下列哪种体液因子对造血起到抑制作用A、类胰岛素生长因子（insulin－like growth factor，IGF）B、干扰素α（interferon－α）C、集落刺激因子（colony stimulating factor，CSF）D、血小板生成素（thrombopoietin，TPO）E、干细胞因子（SCF）
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细菌培养和菌落计数(colony count)是诊断尿路感染的主要依据，当菌落计数达到多少时，应认为有感染A、菌落计数>103/mlB、菌落计数>104/mlC、菌落计数104～105/ml之间D、菌落计数>105/mlE、菌落计数>106/ml
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How can a single postage stamp be worth $16 800? Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value. The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony Mauritius , a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer – Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps. Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius ’ Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy1、A postage stamp’s value to collectors is raised if ( ).A、there are few others like itB、 there are no errors on the stampsC、 a mistake is made in the printingD、 both A and C2、The mistake in the locally printed postage stamps was in the ( ).A、priceB、wordingC、colorD、spelling of postage3、$16 800 is the collector’s value of ( ).A、the One Penny Orange – RedB、 a correctly printed 1847 stampC、 the Twopenny BlueD、 both A and C4、Which one is implied but not stated?A、All correctly printed stamps are worthless.B、Mauritians needed the stamps to send out invitations to a ball.C、The printer was punished for his mistake.D、Collectors are constantly looking for stamps with mistakes.5、The best title for this section is ( )A、The “Post Paid” ErrorB、The Twopenny BlueC、A London Printer’s ErrorD、How Mauritius Became Famous
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The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor en-trances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brew-ster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776 .Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1 852 by the United States LighthouseBoard,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional. Which is the best title for the passage?A: The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.B: The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.C: Early Lighthouses in the United States.D: The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.
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共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor en-trances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brew-ster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776 .Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1 852 by the United States LighthouseBoard,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony?A: It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.B: Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.C: The first lantern wicks were developed there.D: The first lighthouse in North America was built there.
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下列哪种体液因子对造血起到抑制作用A.干细胞因子(SCF)B.干扰素a(interferon-α)C.集落刺激因子(colony stimlulating factor，CSF)D.类胰岛素生长因子(insulin-like growth factor，IGF)E.血小板生成素(thrombopoietin，TPO)
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共用题干
Sunbath and Skin CancerIn the summer,millions of Americans will offer up their bodies to the sun rays.A tan mndi-cates health and beauty,and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it,including themselves.With each hour, the sun's ultraviolet radiation (紫外线）produces irreversible（不可逆的） damage,hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles.And with each year on the beach or roof-top,the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer. Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer. An estimated 400,000 new cases will be detected this year in the United States, and almost all of them can be blamed on over-exposure to the sun.Fortunately,most of these cancers are highly curable .But they can he disfiguring and take time to treat. For that reason,sun worshippers should treat deity with a good deal of awe（敬畏）. Sunburn,of course,is the initial hazard posed by UV radiation.Prolonged exposure to UV,howev-er , interferes with the production of collagen fibers（胶原纤维）in the dermis（真皮层）, causing the skin to lose elasticity（弹性）and creating premature wrinkles. Further deterioration（恶化）of the dermis deprives the epidermis（表皮层）of nutrition and causes it to become thin and dry.Cancer is UV's final result.Shortwave radiant energy,especially from the UV-B band,breaks the strands（股、缕）of DNA. Enzymes（酶）work constantly to rearrange the DNA into proper Se-quence,but with repeated UV exposure,the repair process may eventually break down.Then the mutant（变异的）DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells. But skin cancer may be avoided with a good dose of common sense.People with fair skin and blue eyes who burn easily stand the high-est risk .Special danger spots are the parts of the body most constantly exposed to the sun,such as the cheeks , nose , lower lip and the ears. People who have already developed precancerous（癌变前的）lesions（伤害）or had one skin-cancer growth stand a greatly increased chance of developing others.Dermatologists（皮肤科医生）recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense between 11 a.m.and 3 p.m.Anyone who insists on sunbathing should use a good sun screen.These lotions and salves（药膏）contain chemicals that block out the burning UVB radiation while permitting the tanning rays to reach the skin.What may be the worst result after the repair process of the DNA finally fail?A:Shortwave radiant energy breaks the strands of the DNA.B:The mutant DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells.C: Enzymes work to rearrange the DNA into a new order.D:The patient is exposed to UV from time to time.
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To produce one pound of honey,a colony of bees must fly a distance_______to twice around the world.A.similar
B.equal
C.compared
D.corresponding
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Why is Australia.s New South Wales called the premier state?（）ABecause it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.BBecause it is the biggest state in Australia.CBecause it is the most important state in Australia.DBecause it has the largest population in Australia.
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Why is Australia.s New South Wales called the premier state?（）A、Because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.B、Because it is the biggest state in Australia.C、Because it is the most important state in Australia.D、Because it has the largest population in Australia.
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单选题（）the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony.A
BeforeB
AtC
InD
Between
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问答题Robot Even before the first robot was built, the subject of robotics was controversial. The word robot was coined in 1921 by a Czech playwright who wrote about a colony of machines endowed with artificial intelligence that eventually turned against3 their human creators. Although that account was fictional, the first industrial robots were in use by the early 1960s. Today, we continue to be intrigued by robots and their potential for both good and evil. Basically, a robot is any machine that performs work or other actions normally done by humans. Most robots are used in factories to make products such as cars and electronics. Others are used to explore underwater, in volcanoes and even on other planets. Robots consist of three main components: a brain, which is usually a computer; actuators and mechanical parts such as motors, wheels and gears; and sensors for detecting images, sound, temperature, motion and light. With these basic components, robots can interact with their environment and perform the tasks they are designed to carry out. The advantages are obvious — robots can do things humans just don’t want to do, and they are usually more cost effective. Robots can also do things more precisely than humans and allow progress in medical science and other useful advances. But, as with any machine, a robot can break down and even cause disaster. There’s also the possibility that wicked people will use robots for evil purposes. Yet this is also true with other forms of technology such as weapons and biological material. Robots will probably be used even more in the future. They will continue to do tasks where danger, repetition, cost or the need for precision prevents humans from performing. As to whether they will be used for good or evil, that depends on the nature of the humans who create them.
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单选题After World War I, League of Nations mandates divided Cameroon, ______ a German colony, between France and England.A
ruledB
covertlyC
becomingD
perhapsE
previously
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单选题In order to culture and propagate enough bacteria to treat the body and galley wastes（）A
a new bacteria colony should be put into the plant in advanceB
the disinfection chemicals should be always usedC
the air blower should be started and keep running in advanceD
the nutrient for bacteria should put into plant in advance
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问答题Passage 2The Ant Society Described as a “six-legged lliad”, Wilson’s Anthill draws parallels between human and ant societies. Though there are no ant symphony orchestras, secret police, or schools of philosophy, both ants and men conduct wars, divide into specialized castes of workers, build cities, maintain infant nurseries and cemeteries, take slaves, practice agriculture, and indulge in occasional cannibalism, though ant societies are more energetic, altruistic, and efficient than human ones. (The New York Review of Books) A “Go to the ant, thou sluggard” says the Bible. “Consider her ways, and be wise.” The book of Proverbs, chapter six, says that the industrious legions of ants, which have now colonized every continent on earth, except Antarctica, have “no guide, overseer, or ruler”. B In fact, the good book got ants all wrong. Ant societies are rigidly stratified and usually ruled by queens. The little creatures are constantly guided by their scent trails and other chemical signals, not to mention their genes. Nobody has done more to reveal the true nature of the “super organisms” that ant societies comprise than Edward Wilson, a Harvard biologist, campaigning green, two-time Pulitzer prize-winning author, pioneer of sociobiology, and now, at the age of 80, also a debut novelist. C One part of Anthill, by the world’s leading myrmecologist, demonstrates that in Mr. Wilson ants have found not only their Darwin but also their Homer. Midway through the novel, and comprising a fifth of the whole, is a self-contained novella, “The Anthill Chronicles”, which purports to be an undergraduate biology thesis by the protagonist of Anthill, about the rise and fall of four ant colonies in a tract of forest in southern Alabama. Happily for the reader, these chronicles bear no resemblance to student reports, though most of the details of life among the six-legged will be familiar to fans of Mr. Wilson’s entomological writings. The “thesis”, we are told, has been lightly edited by two professors to present the story “as near as possible to the way ants see such events themselves”. D The success of this novella-within-a-novel derives from the fact that Mr. Wilson has no need to resort to the Hollywood method of anthropomorphizing his ants, as two popular animated features-Antz and A Bug’s Life—did in 1998. There are no individual perspectives in The Anthill Chronicles: no lovers, no personalities, no neuroses, and no selves. The only heroes are the ant colonies themselves, and they are as engaging and at least as memorable as most two legged Hollywood creations. E Mr. Wilson’s mini-epic begins with the demise of the queen of the Trailhead Colony, whose death is not at first noticed by her daughter-followers. While her body rots encased in its external skeleton, her lingering scent misleadingly tells the colony that all is still well. F The neighboring Streamside Colony wipes out the Trailheaders, and then it self falls victim to a “super colony”, comprising millions of workers and thousands of queens, which rose to power thanks to a single-gene mutation that weakens their sensitivity to queen-odors, and thus permits them to tolerate multiple simultaneous queens. Growing out of control, the super colony in effect eats up its own territory and is exterminated by “the moving tree trunks, the ant gods”—i.e., humans spraying insecticide. This leaves room for the tiny Woodland Colony to expand its territory and thrive, and so the epic struggle continues, as it has for thousands of years. G The tale within a tale is an astonishing literary achievement; nobody but Mr. Wilson could have written it, and those who read it will tread lightly in the forest, at least for a while. Yet Mr. Wilson wants his audience to do more than that. The novel as a whole is mainly about people, and an author’s prologue—echoing the theme of some of Mr. Wilson’s earlier work—warns of further disaster if this wayward species does not start to take better care of its biosphere, the planet. H The hero of Anthill is Raft Cody, an Alabaman youngster who follows up his biology studies with a stint at Harvard law school, with the express purpose of returning equipped to save his beloved patch of forest from rapacious property developers. This character owes something to Mr. Wilson’s own background, and so does the story’s narrator, Raff’s biology professor. It’s one of the few defects in the novel that Mr. Wilson hasn’t quite decided which of the pair is him. I Raft’s early adventures in the swamps owe something to Huck Finn’s; and the novel’s denouement, with a monstrously eccentric woodsman and some implausible Fundamentalist villains, recalls the Florida black comedies of Carl Hiaasen, only without the laughs. One can’t help rooting for the ants. Thanks to the depth of Mr. Wilson’s understanding of them, his evocation of their ways is a more powerful tool for raising ecological awareness than any Disneyfication is likely to be. This passage has nine paragraphs, A-I. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 1. fierce struggle of the ant world 2. comparison of the book with biology paper 3. the real theme of the novel 4. the hierarchical system of the ant society 5. the weakness that existed in the book 6. particular feature of Anthill in contrasted with Hollywood products
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问答题Holland is a tiny country. It has no more than 200 miles long and just 1．____over 150 miles wide. Yet in the 1600s, this small nation in the North 2．____Sea was a great sea power. Her more than 10,000 ships went to all part 3．____of the world. Today there are many ways for passengers and with cargo 4．____to travel. But once, if you have to go to a country across the ocean or 5．____send a cargo over the seas, you had only one choice: the sailing ship.In the 1600s, Dutch made a ship called a flyboat. It was a slow, 6．____clumsy boat, but it could carry a lot of cargo. Since the Dutchcould carry most cargo, they could do more trading. Trading 7．____brought against the building of new colonies. It was not long before 8．____there were Dutch colonies in the Americas, in Africa, in the WestIndia, and in the East India. The great city of the New York began 9．____as the Dutch colony New Amsterdam. The Dutch used the seas tobecome a great trading nation. They also used the seas to become agreat power in the world. Dutch ships helped Holland ruled other 10．____lands for more than 200 years.
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名词解释题菌落（集落bacterial colony）
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