江西省2020年ACCA国际会计师报考指南

发布时间：2020-01-08

对于近些年才映入大众眼球的ACCA证书，想必大家也是处于一知半解的状态吧，那么ACCA国际注册会计师证到底有什么用？适用的报考的人群又是哪些呢？这些问题一直困扰着大部分准备报考ACCA的同学们，不用担心，51题库考试学习网在这为大家解答疑惑，这些报考指南宝典要收藏哟~

首先大家先看看最新的免试政策，看看你符合哪个条件，到底能免试几个科目：  

1.哪些人适合报考ACCA？

在校大学生（金融、会计、管理专业的）

有意向从事财务、金融、管理领域相关职业，教育部认可的高等院校在读学生，建议从大一开始学习ACCA。但需要你完成了大一整个学年的学习才可以报考ACCA。

大专及以上学历者

有意向从事财务、金融、管理领域相关职业，希望提升自身的学历水平和专业技能，扩大自己的人脉圈，ACCA可助你学历跟职业竞争力双丰收。

财务专业人士

正在从事或准备从事财会工作的专业人士，适合财务经理、财务主管、财务分析、财务顾问、投资经理等岗位人员。这一部分的人学习ACCA相比较前两者有优势的地方在于目前从事的工作与ACCA考试基础阶段的知识要点或多或少有重叠部分

高级管理人员

需要提升国际化思维能力，综合运用财务与管理知识做出战略决策的企业中高层管理者，高级管理人员对自身要求将会更高，而ACCA考试正是一个全方面对自己能力的考核的考试。例如公司总裁、财务总监、董秘等。

2.ACCA的效力？

ACCA一般用来和CPA相比。各自又有各自的优势，虽然对于大部分企业（各种集团和四大）而言，二者可以互换（作为会计知识水平的证明）。但前者作为全英文考试，更受外企喜爱；后者在国内有签字权（财务报告或审计报告签字），因而国内内资会计师事务所略看重一些。

3.ACCA考试改革具体的变化有哪些？

ACCA对其专业资格最高阶段的考试进行了创新设计，已于2018年9月以全新的战略专业阶段（Strategic Professional）考试取代之前的专业阶段考试体系，更加注重就业能力与核心技能在现代工作场所中的实际应用。更加注重培养理论和实践都杰出的人才

全新的战略专业阶段包括：

●战略商业领袖 （Strategic Business Leader）——这是一门基于现实商业情境的创新案例考试，考试时长为4小时。

●战略商业报告（Strategic Business Reporting）——这门新型考试将使学员接触到更广泛的财务和商业报告情境，培养他们的重要技能，从而向利益相关方解释和传达商业交易与报告的意义和影响。

●职业道德与专业技能模块（Ethics and Professional Skills module）——作为首家在2008年向学员开设职业道德模块的专业会计师组织，ACCA对当前的职业道德模块进行了重新构建。新模块已上线。

这一阶段的考试不仅仅是对考试理论层面的考核，还必须要结合实践，所以此类改革更加完备了ACCA考核的标准，让ACCA证书的含金量更上一层楼~

4.ACCA和学校学习之间的关系？

首先，由于ACCA是英文版的国际会计课程，所以在很多课程上会出现ACCA先讲过课内再讲，亦或者相反。总体而言，ACCA的课程比学校课程更加靠近时代，理论层次稍高。同时，ACCA对于四大的大一大二大三的项目、实习项目和企业的实习项目也有一定的帮助。但如果是在大学期间报考ACCA考试的话，一定要协调好ACCA考试和学校课程的关系，比较学校课程的成绩和绩点与自身的毕业证书有关。

总结，这些报考宝典你Get到了吗？最后，还是希望大家能明白，Pass，Fail本身并无好坏，成绩只是结果，关键是我们如何以平静的心态去面对考试，去面对考试结果。不论Pass or Fail，我们都要真确应对！最后，51题库考试学习网预祝大家在三月份的考试全部PASS！

下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

(b) One of the hotels owned by Norman is a hotel complex which includes a theme park, a casino and a golf course,

as well as a hotel. The theme park, casino, and hotel were sold in the year ended 31 May 2008 to Conquest, a

public limited company, for $200 million but the sale agreement stated that Norman would continue to operate

and manage the three businesses for their remaining useful life of 15 years. The residual interest in the business

reverts back to Norman after the 15 year period. Norman would receive 75% of the net profit of the businesses

as operator fees and Conquest would receive the remaining 25%. Norman has guaranteed to Conquest that the

net minimum profit paid to Conquest would not be less than $15 million. (4 marks)

Norman has recently started issuing vouchers to customers when they stay in its hotels. The vouchers entitle the

customers to a $30 discount on a subsequent room booking within three months of their stay. Historical

experience has shown that only one in five vouchers are redeemed by the customer. At the company’s year end

of 31 May 2008, it is estimated that there are vouchers worth $20 million which are eligible for discount. The

income from room sales for the year is $300 million and Norman is unsure how to report the income from room

sales in the financial statements. (4 marks)

Norman has obtained a significant amount of grant income for the development of hotels in Europe. The grants

have been received from government bodies and relate to the size of the hotel which has been built by the grant

assistance. The intention of the grant income was to create jobs in areas where there was significant

unemployment. The grants received of $70 million will have to be repaid if the cost of building the hotels is less

than $500 million. (4 marks)

Appropriateness and quality of discussion (2 marks)

Required:

Discuss how the above income would be treated in the financial statements of Norman for the year ended

31 May 2008.

正确答案：
(b) Property is sometimes sold with a degree of continuing involvement by the seller so that the risks and rewards of ownership
have not been transferred. The nature and extent of the buyer’s involvement will determine how the transaction is accounted
for. The substance of the transaction is determined by looking at the transaction as a whole and IAS18 ‘Revenue’ requires
this by stating that where two or more transactions are linked, they should be treated as a single transaction in order to
understand the commercial effect (IAS18 paragraph 13). In the case of the sale of the hotel, theme park and casino, Norman
should not recognise a sale as the company continues to enjoy substantially all of the risks and rewards of the businesses,
and still operates and manages them. Additionally the residual interest in the business reverts back to Norman. Also Norman
has guaranteed the income level for the purchaser as the minimum payment to Conquest will be $15 million a year. The
transaction is in substance a financing arrangement and the proceeds should be treated as a loan and the payment of profits
as interest.
The principles of IAS18 and IFRIC13 ‘Customer Loyalty Programmes’ require that revenue in respect of each separate
component of a transaction is measured at its fair value. Where vouchers are issued as part of a sales transaction and are
redeemable against future purchases, revenue should be reported at the amount of the consideration received/receivable less
the voucher’s fair value. In substance, the customer is purchasing both goods or services and a voucher. The fair value of the
voucher is determined by reference to the value to the holder and not the cost to the issuer. Factors to be taken into account
when estimating the fair value, would be the discount the customer obtains, the percentage of vouchers that would be
redeemed, and the time value of money. As only one in five vouchers are redeemed, then effectively the hotel has sold goods
worth ($300 + $4) million, i.e. $304 million for a consideration of $300 million. Thus allocating the discount between the
two elements would mean that (300 ÷ 304 x $300m) i.e. $296·1 million will be allocated to the room sales and the balance
of $3·9 million to the vouchers. The deferred portion of the proceeds is only recognised when the obligations are fulfilled.
The recognition of government grants is covered by IAS20 ‘Accounting for government grants and disclosure of government
assistance’. The accruals concept is used by the standard to match the grant received with the related costs. The relationship
between the grant and the related expenditure is the key to establishing the accounting treatment. Grants should not be
recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the company can comply with the conditions relating to their receipt and
the grant will be received. Provision should be made if it appears that the grant may have to be repaid.
There may be difficulties of matching costs and revenues when the terms of the grant do not specify precisely the expense
towards which the grant contributes. In this case the grant appears to relate to both the building of hotels and the creation of
employment. However, if the grant was related to revenue expenditure, then the terms would have been related to payroll or
a fixed amount per job created. Hence it would appear that the grant is capital based and should be matched against the
depreciation of the hotels by using a deferred income approach or deducting the grant from the carrying value of the asset
(IAS20). Additionally the grant is only to be repaid if the cost of the hotel is less than $500 million which itself would seem
to indicate that the grant is capital based. If the company feels that the cost will not reach $500 million, a provision should
be made for the estimated liability if the grant has been recognised.

5 Which of the following factors could cause a company’s gross profit percentage on sales to fall below the expected

level?

1 Understatement of closing inventories.

2 The incorrect inclusion in purchases of invoices relating to goods supplied in the following period.

3 The inclusion in sales of the proceeds of sale of non-current assets.

4 Increased cost of carriage charges borne by the company on goods sent to customers.

A 3 and 4

B 2 and 4

C 1 and 2

D 1 and 3

正确答案：C

3 Mark Howe, Managing Director of Auto Direct, is a victim of his own success. Mark has created an innovative way

of selling cars to the public which takes advantage of the greater freedom given to independent car distributors to

market cars more aggressively within the European Union. This reduces the traditional control and interference of the

automobile manufacturers, some of whom own their distributors. He has opened a number of showrooms in the

London region and by 2004 Auto Direct had 20 outlets in and around London. The concept is deceptively simple;

Mark buys cars from wherever he can source them most cheaply and has access to all of the leading volume car

models. He then concentrates on selling the cars to the public, leaving servicing and repair work to other specialist

garages. He offers a classic high volume/low margin business model.

Mark now wants to develop this business model onto a national and eventually an international basis. His immediate

plans are to grow the number of outlets by 50% each year for the next three years. Such growth will place

considerable strain on the existing organisation and staff. Each showroom has its own management team, sales

personnel and administration. Currently the 20 showrooms are grouped into a Northern and Southern Sales Division

with a small head office team for each division. Auto Direct now employs 250 people.

Mark now needs to communicate the next three-year phase of the company’s ambitious growth plans to staff and is

anxious to get an understanding of staff attitudes towards the company and its growth plans. He is aware that you

are a consultant used to advising firms on the changes associated with rapid growth and the way to generate positive

staff attitudes to change.

Required:

(a) Using appropriate strategies for managing change provide Mark with a brief report on how he can best create

a positive staff response to the proposed growth plans. (12 marks)

正确答案：
(a) To: Mark Howe – Managing Director, Auto Direct
From:
Strategies to manage growth
Successfully convincing others in the firm of the need for, and nature of change is sometimes referred to as internal marketing
and in many ways when substantial change is involved may be just as vital as external marketing aimed at the customer.
Classic strategies for managing include participation, education/communication, power/coercion, manipulation and
negotiation. The preferred strategy, or combination of strategies, will be influenced by leadership style. and where on the
continuum from autocratic through to democratic the management style. rests. Participation in the change process sounds an
ideal strategy but may delay implementation of the change, require high trust levels between management and staff and
encounter resistance to proposed change. Education and communication is often argued to be a strategy used in conjunction
with another strategy. Interestingly, many studies point to communication being the key weakness when change is being
implemented. Clearly there are many choices as to how to educate and communicate and choosing the right strategy for the
right situation is by no means easy. The level of change at Auto Direct may be seen as a quantum change in that it affects
all parts of the organisation and you should be aware of the complex linkages between these parts. Power/coercion may be
needed if the change planned needs to be implemented quickly as in crisis situations, when the survival of the organisation
may be at stake. Such an approach may alienate the staff and have a number of unanticipated and unfortunate
consequences. Manipulation, as its name implies, may have many negative consequences and reflects the power of the
management to implement change. Finally, negotiation is a traditional way of seeking to resolve differences between different
groups, each with its own goals and objectives. Again issues of time, trust and resistance may affect the effectiveness of this
strategy.
Many other change management models are available to help you overcome resistance to change including Lewin’s threestep
change and force field analysis and the Gemini 4Rs framework. The Gemini model aims at the sort of transformation
required by the scope and pace of the proposed growth strategy, where the reframing step communicates the vision, the need
for involvement and measures of successful change and the renewal step aligns the individual’s skills and competences withthe organisation’s needs in order to implement the change strategy.
I trust this overview of strategies for managing change is helpful.

(c) Identify TWO QUALITATIVE benefits that might arise as a consequence of the investment in a new IT system

and explain how you would attempt to assess them. (4 marks)

正确答案：
(c) One of the main qualitative benefits that may arise from an investment in a new IT system by Moffat Ltd is the improved level
of service to its customers in the form. of reduced waiting times which may arise as a consequence of better scheduling of
appointments, inventory management etc. This could be assessed via the introduction of a questionnaire requiring customers
to rate the service that they have received from their recent visit to a location within Moffat Ltd according to specific criteria
such as adherence to appointment times, time taken to service the vehicle, cleanliness of the vehicle, attitude of staff etc.
Alternatively a follow-up telephone call from a centralised customer services department may be made by Moffat Ltd
personnel in order to gather such information.
Another qualitative benefit of the proposed investment may arise in the form. of competitive advantage. Improvements in
customer specific information and service levels may give Moffat Ltd a competitive advantage. Likewise, improved inventory
management may enable costs to be reduced thereby enabling a ‘win-win’ relationship to be enjoyed with its customers.

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