ACCA就业前景

发布时间：2019-01-05

努力的孩子运气都不会太差！考过了ACCA的同学，跨过的就业门槛也比没考过的要高些。如果成功进入下面这些类型的企业，前途光明不说，薪情也更明朗。下面这些喜欢ACCA的单位的起薪状况，给你做一个参考，向这些目标努力吧!

1.四大会计师事务所

对于ACCA学员或者会员来说进入四大的机会相比没有ACCA证书的人机会要大一些，进入四大工作后，在工作3-5年后不想呆在四大了，那么出国读商学院或跳到其他企业也是一个很好的选择，因此有“人才跳板”之称。

四大普遍新入职参考工资：普华永道10万RMB/年，加上出差补助和奖金等，可能达到13万RMB/年，经常在外工作的可能接近16万RMB/。咨询职位工资比审计职位高一点。随着你的工作时限的增加，薪资也会逐渐有起色，如果成为合伙人，薪酬将会无法估量，百万年薪在四大合伙人中非常普通。

2.内资会计事务所

占行业大多数的内资会计事务所的薪资确实比“四大”略逊一筹，但工作几年后25-35万年薪也是有的。在工作强度上，内资所的压力要比“四大”相应低一些。

3.国有大中型企业

国内的企业财务起薪一般不会很高，刚毕业一般第一年的起薪在5-8万元，但如果做到财务总监或经理后，年薪可达到30万。对于拥有ACCA资格的人来说，职业发展速度会非常快，而且薪资的涨幅也会很大ACCA就业前景很可观。

4.某些员工待遇很高的大型外企

外企的工资不一定如投资银行、咨询公司那样高，但好在岗位职责明确，对个人的培养和前途多样性远超投资银行，实践性超过咨询公司，对将来从事业务工作非常有利。而且外企的工作强度一般比投资银行低很多，而且附带许多培训机会，可以说性价比很高。

某些大型外企参考工资(不同部门差别往往很大，以第一年工资较高的为准)：宝洁营销或财务部门7万-10万RMB/年，马士基10万-20万，玛氏12万左右。强生、联合利华略低于宝洁。

5.外资商业银行或全能银行

如荷兰银行、兴业银行、汇丰银行、巴克雷银行等，它们的投资银行和商业银行隔膜不是很大，但各个部门工资也有一定差别，但往往比一般的消费者银行、保险职位高许多。无论如何，这些外资全能银行给人的锻炼比投资银行更全面，各个部门间转换的概率也更大，因此前途未必不如投资银行或咨询公司。

外资全能银行参考工资：投资银行类职位可达40万-80万RMB/年，商业银行类职位7万-12万RMB/年，比较好的可能达到20万RMB/年。

6.外资投资银行

特指高盛、摩根士丹利、花旗全球投资银行、雷曼兄弟、德意志银行、瑞士信贷第一波士顿、瑞银华宝等海外第一流投资银行，它们都在中国设有代表处或分支机构。投资银行在中国招聘的毕业生，有东京、香港、新加坡、北京、上海等不同的工作地点。

投资银行参考工资(研究生第一年，本科生可能略低)：高盛东京90万RMB/年，德意志亚太区75万RMB/年，摩根士丹利北京25万RMB/年(年终分红另算)。

7.合资或中资投资银行

包括中金公司、高华证券，中银国际勉强可算一个。事实上中金相当于摩根士丹利的中国分支机构，工资极高。高华相当于高盛的中国分支机构，组建不久，前途尚未可知。工资可参考外资投资银行，一般略低一些。

8.外资咨询公司

特指麦肯锡、贝恩、波士顿咨询集团、摩立特集团、美世、艾森哲等海外一流咨询公司，其中可分为管理咨询、投资咨询、人力资源咨询、市场咨询、技术咨询等多个板块。咨询公司工资差距比较大，但工作3-5年都能有很大幅度的涨薪，资深咨询师工资不下于投资银行家。

咨询公司参考工资：麦肯锡、贝恩15万-20万RMB/年，罗兰贝格10万RMB\年，其余介于两者之间。第二年工资涨100%，第三年涨50%-100%，三到四年后年薪一般可超过50万RMB。

下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

(c) Pinzon, a limited liability company and audit client, is threatening to sue your firm in respect of audit fees charged

for the year ended 31 December 2004. Pinzon is alleging that Bartolome billed the full rate on air fares for audit

staff when substantial discounts had been obtained by Bartolome. (4 marks)

Required:

Comment on the ethical and other professional issues raised by each of the above matters and their implications,

if any, for the continuation of each assignment.

NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three issues.

正确答案：
(c) Threatened legal action
Ethical and professional issues
■ An advocacy threat has arisen as Bartolome and Pinzon are in opposition concerning the fee note for the 2004 audit.
■ If Pinzon’s allegations are true this may cast serious doubt on the integrity of Bartolome. Pinzon should be advised to
take their claims first to ACCA’s Disciplinary Committee.
■ If Bartolome has indeed charged full air fares when substantial discounts had been obtained this could be due to:
– Bartolome incorrectly believing this to be an acceptable industry practice; or
– a billing error/oversight.
In either case Bartolome should issue a credit note, although this may be insufficient to make amends and salvage the
auditor-client relationship.
■ Bartolome may have legitimately claimed for full airfares if this was agreed in its contract (i.e. the terms of engagement)
with Pinzon.
Implications for continuation with assignment
Unless the threat of legal action is amicably resolved very quickly (which is perhaps unlikely) Pinzon and Bartolome are in
conflict. Bartolome cannot therefore be seen to be independent and so should tender their resignation as auditor for the year
ending 31 December 2005 (assuming they were re-appointed and have not already been removed from office).

There is considerable evidence that small firms are reluctant to carry out strategic planning in their businesses.

(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages for Gould and King Associates in creating and implementing a

strategic plan? (8 marks)

正确答案：
(b) Clearly, there is a link between the ability to write a business plan and the willingness, or otherwise, of small firms to carry
out strategic planning. Whilst writing a business plan may be a necessity in order to acquire financial support, there is much
more question over the benefits to the existing small business, such as Gould and King, of carrying out strategic planning.
One of the areas of greatest debate is whether carrying out strategic planning leads to improved performance. Equally
contentious is whether the formal rational planning model is worthwhile or whether strategy is much more of an emergent
process, with the firm responding to changes in its competitive environment.
One source argues that small firms may be reluctant to create a strategic plan because of the time involved; small firms may
find day-to-day survival and crisis management prevents them having the luxury of planning where they mean to be over the
next few years. Secondly, strategic plans may also be viewed as too restricting, stopping the firm responding flexibly and
quickly to opportunities and threats. Thirdly, many small firms may feel that they lack the necessary skills to carry out strategic
planning. Strategic planning is seen as a ‘big’ firm process and inappropriate for small firms. Again, there is evidence to
suggest that owner-managers are much less aware of strategic management tools such as SWOT, PESTEL and mission
statements than their managers. Finally, owner-managers may be reluctant to involve others in the planning process, which
would necessitate giving them access to key information about the business. Here there is an issue of the lack of trust and
openness preventing the owner-manager developing and sharing a strategic plan. Many owner-managers may be quite happy
to limit the size of the business to one which they can personally control.
On the positive side there is evidence to show that a commitment to strategic planning results in speedier decision making,
a better ability to introduce change and innovation and being good at managing change. This in turn results in better
performance including higher rates of growth and profits, clear indicators of competitive advantage. If Gould and King arelooking to grow the business as suggested, this means some strategic planning will necessarily be involved

6 Communication is important for all organisations and requires an understanding of communication flows and channels.

Required:

(a) Briefly explain the main purposes of the three main formal communication channels in an organisation:

(i) Downwards; (3 marks)

正确答案：
6 There are many forms of communication within an organisation, both formal and informal. Formally communicated information often flows in one of three main directions: downwards, upwards and lateral. However, all organisations also have informal communication channels and management must understand their importance.
(a) Formal communicated information flows in three main directions.
(i) Downwards. This form. of communication is often the one most easily recognised and understood. The purpose of downward communication is to give specific directives, to provide information about procedures and practices and to provide information about work practices. It also serves to tell employees about their performance and provides information on organisational and departmental objectives.

5 The directors of Blaina Packaging Co (BPC), a well-established manufacturer of cardboard boxes, are currently

considering whether to enter the cardboard tube market. Cardboard tubes are purchased by customers whose

products are wound around tubes of various sizes ranging from large tubes on which carpets are wound, to small

tubes around which films and paper products are wound. The cardboard tubes are usually purchased in very large

quantities by customers. On average, the cardboard tubes comprise between 1% and 2% of the total cost of the

customers’ finished product.

The directors have gathered the following information:

(1) The cardboard tubes are manufactured on machines which vary in size and speed. The lowest cost machine is

priced at $30,000 and requires only one operative for its operation. A one-day training course is required in order

that an unskilled person can then operate such a machine in an efficient and effective manner.

(2) The cardboard tubes are made from specially formulated paper which, at times during recent years, has been in

short supply.

(3) At present, four major manufacturers of cardboard tubes have an aggregate market share of 80%. The current

market leader has a 26% market share. The market shares of the other three major manufacturers, one of which

is JOL Co, are equal in size. The product ranges offered by the four major manufacturers are similar in terms of

size and quality. The market has grown by 2% per annum during recent years.

(4) A recent report on the activities of a foreign-based multinational company revealed that consideration was being

given to expanding operations in their packaging division overseas. The division possesses large-scale automated

machinery for the manufacture of cardboard tubes of any size.

(5) Another company, Plastic Tubes Co (PTC) produces a narrow, but increasing, range of plastic tubes which are

capable of housing small products such as film and paper-based products. At present, these tubes are on average

30% more expensive than the equivalent sized cardboard tubes sold in the marketplace.

Required:

(a) Using Porter’s five forces model, assess the attractiveness of the option to enter the market for cardboard

tubes as a performance improvement strategy for BPC. (10 marks)

正确答案：
(a) In order to assess the attractiveness of the option to enter the market for spirally-wound paper tubes, the directors of BPC
could make use of Michael Porter’s ‘five forces model’.
In applying this model to the given scenario one might conclude that the relatively low cost of the machine together with the
fact that an unskilled person would only require one day’s training in order to be able to operate a machine, constitute
relatively low costs of entry to the market. Therefore one might reasonably conclude that the threat of new entrants might be
high. This is especially the case where the market is highly fragmented.
The fact that products are usually purchased in very large quantities by customers together with the fact that there is little real
difference between the products of alternative suppliers suggests that customer (buyer) power might well be very high. The
fact that the paper tubes on average only comprise between 1% and 2% of the total cost of the purchaser’s finished product
also suggests that buyer power may well be very high.
The threat from suppliers could be high due to the fact that the specially formulated paper from which the tubes are made is
sometimes in short supply. Hence suppliers might increase their prices with consequential diminution in gross margin of the
firms in the marketplace.
The threat from competitive rivals will be strong as the four major players in the market are of similar size and that the market
is a slow growing market. The market leader currently has 26% of the market and the three nearest competitors hold
approximately 18% of the market.
The fact that Plastic Tubes Co (PTC) produces a narrow range of plastic tubes constitutes a threat from a substitute product.
This threat will increase if the product range of PTC is extended and the price of plastic tubes is reduced.
The fact that a foreign-based multinational company is considering entering this market represents a significant threat from a
potential new entrant as it would appear that the multinational company might well be able to derive economies of scale from
large scale automated machinery and has manufacturing flexibility.
Low capital barriers to entry might appeal to BPC but they would also appeal to other potential entrants. The low growth
market, the ease of entry, the existence of established competitors, a credible threat of backward vertical integration by
suppliers, the imminent entry by a multi-national, a struggling established competitor and the difficulty of differentiating an
industrial commodity should call into question the potential of BPC to achieve any sort of competitive advantage. If BPC can
achieve the position of lowest cost producer within the industry then entry into the market might be a good move. In order
to assess whether this is possible BPC must consider any potential synergies that would exist between its cardboard business
and that of the tubes operation.
From the information available, the option to enter the market for cardboard tubes appears to be unattractive. The directors
of BPC should seek alternative performance improvement strategies.

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