宋哲大使在与欧洲高校研究生交流时的讲话

发布时间：2020-10-05

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2010年5月10日，中国驻欧盟使团为法语自由比利时大学欧洲研究所18位师生就中国发展和中欧关系举办教学研讨活动。宋哲大使发表主题讲话，全文如下。

以青春的视角观察青春的中国--中国驻欧盟使团团长宋哲大使在与欧洲高校研究生交流时的讲话

2010年5月10日

A Dynamic China from a Fresh Perspective---Remarks by H.E. Ambassador Song Zhe Head of the Chinese Mission to the European Union

May 10th, 2010

尊敬的彼得·拉格鲁教授，

各位同学：

Respected Prof Pieter Lagrou,

Fellow Students,

欢迎来到中华人民共和国驻欧盟使团!

Welcome to the Chinese Mission to the European Union!

不少同学是第一次走进中国使团，不知道大家对使团印象如何，我想应该和以前听说的或者想象中的有所不同吧。我们中国有句古话，叫做“闻名不如见面”，说的就是这个道理。坦率地说，我第一次到欧洲工作时，也深切地感受到现实的欧洲和我想象中的欧洲有着很大的不同。同样的道理，如果大家想要真正了解中国，理解中欧关系，仅仅依靠报刊媒体上的报道、书本上的知识和自己的想象，是远远不够的。大家需要更加近距离地接触中国，了解近几十年中国各领域发生的巨大变化和发展，更加深入地研究中欧历史传统、人文思想和现实国情的独特之处。

I know for many of you, it is your first time here. I don\'t know whether our mission is exactly how you pictured in your minds, but in China, we have an old saying which is quite fitting to this moment-that is seeing is better than hearing. And it reminds me of the first time I was posted to Europe years ago. Back then, I found Europe very different from what I had imagined in my mind. Likewise, I think it will be quite a challenge for you to have a thorough understanding of China and China-EU relations if reports and articles from media and books are the only source of your information. They do have valuable information but far from enough. To have a better knowledge of China, I would recommend you to have up-close exchanges with the Chinese people, discover the huge changes and progress that\'s taking place throughout the country over the last several decades, and learn more about our different history, culture, philosophy, and national conditions.

“欧洲之父”让·莫内曾在中国生活过三年，应该说已经对中国有了近距离的接触和研究，但他说对于中国决不能妄下结论，因为他看到了中国国情的复杂性和中欧之间的巨大差异。这是一个真正的学者所应持有的科学和谨慎的态度。的确，中国太大，国情太复杂，即便是我们中国人自己，也不敢说完全了解自己的国家。然而，我们遗憾地看到，在欧洲还有一些政客、学者和记者没有认识到这一点，他们甚至从来没有到过中国，就从自己的印象和主观臆断出发，对中国的发展和中欧关系随意发表议论，结果往往得出不准确甚至是错误的结论。从上世纪90年代以来，西方所谓“中国崩溃论”、“中国威胁论”等对于中国的各种判断和预测此起彼伏，但没有一个最终成为现实。所以在西方一直存在着这样的困惑，为什么中国看上去并非西方定义的市场经济国家，却能取得经济持续快速的发展?为什么中国是西方所认定的“非民主”国家，却实现了国家长期稳定和社会持续进步，而且美国皮尤中心民调显示85%的中国民众对国家的前途充满信心?为什么西方在国际金融危机中损失惨重，中国却能逆势增长?为什么中国的发展壮大非但没有引发与周边国家和发展中国家的冲突，关系却越来越好?

Jean Monnet, the "Father of Europe", after three years of research in China, find it unacceptable for anyone to jump to a conclusion about China for its complex national conditions and huge differences from Europe. His prudence as a responsible scholar is I believe what all of us should follow. For such a large country as China, things are never simple. That\'s why even native Chinese as we are couldn\'t find ourselves on safe grounds to say that we know everything about our own country. Unfortunately, this rationale is still not shared by some politicians, scholars and journalists in Europe, because from time to time, we can still hear inaccurate or even false remarks being made against China by people who have actually never been there. Western voices and assertions like "China Collapse", "China Threat" and others has kept us company since 1990s, yet none of these predictions turned out correct. So people in western countries have questions. Why could China, a seemingly non-market-economy by western standards, secure sustained and fast economic growth? Why could China, an undemocratic country by western definition, enjoy long-term stability and continued social progress with 85% of its people feeling confident in the future of the nation as polled by the US Pew Research Center? Why could China still grow when western countries suffer heavy losses from the international financial crisis? And why has the development of China brought improvement rather than tensions to its relations with other neighboring and developing countries?

我想这些问题同样也是你们所关注和研究的。要想解答这些问题不能道听途说，人云亦云，更不能削足适履，以自己的意识形态和传统思维为标准来衡量和判断，而应更多地考虑中国的历史传统和文化价值为背景，从中国人的视角来观察和研究。那么我们中国人如何认识自己的国家呢?我想告诉大家的就是，这是一个青春的中国!

I think these questions interest you as well. To find answers, we shouldn\'t believe hearsay or follow suit, and still less should we trim the toes to fit the shoes. Instead of judging based on one\'s own ideology and value, we should give more credit to the history, tradition and culture of China, and try to fit our toes in the Chinese shoes. So now the question is how do we Chinese see our own country? I would say that we see our country as a dynamic nation.

第一，这是一片散发着动感和活力的土地。比利时作家图森说，世界各地都在变化，而最明显的变革发生在中国，21世纪的中国充满了前行的活力。改革开放30多年来，中国经济以年均9.8%的速度增长，人均国内生产总值增长近10倍，超过2亿人口脱贫。中国成长为世界第一大出口国，第二大工业制造国，制造业占全球制造业总值的份额达15.6%。如果你有机会到中国去，你一定会发现，中国这片古老的土地上洋溢着蓬勃的朝气。走出气势恢弘的紫禁城，你看到的是迷宫般的路网和巨大的车流;当你在长安大戏院欣赏京剧醉人的京腔京韵时，长安街另一侧的国家大剧院也许正在上演来自欧洲的经典歌剧;你也许还会听到嫦娥奔月的传说，但我们的宇航员已经完成了太空行走。是的，整个中国正处在快节奏的发展进步中，城市和乡村的面貌都在发生日新月异的变化。

China is a land of change. The Belgian novelist Toussaint said that there are changes everywhere around the world, yet the most profound changes could be found nowhere but in China. The country is filled with vigor and vitality. Over the last more than three decades of reform and opening up, the Chinese economy averaged a 9.8% growth rate, the per capita GDP grew by nearly ten folds, and over 200 million people have been lifted out of poverty. China is now the world\'s largest exporter and the second largest industrial manufacturer with a 15.6% share of the world\'s total manufacturing business value. If you visit China, you will have a good feel of the strong energy boasted by this ancient country. Stepping out of the magnificent Forbidden City you will step into massive mazes of roads packed with cars. When you are fascinated by the splendid Beijing Opera in the Chang\'an Grand Theater, operas from Europe is also being performed to the enjoyment of absorbed audience in the National Grand Theater close by. You may hear about our legend of the Goddess Chang\'e Flying to the Moon, and people will also tell you that our astronauts have already taken the spacewalk. Today in China, things look different and get better everyday, and the whole nation is forging ahead at burgeoning speed.

第二，这是一个生成梦想、成就梦想的乐园。首先，随着中国经济的高速发展，中国日益成为企业家的福地。出生于1981年的李想在上高中的时候选择了退学来创办自己的网络公司，现在已是身价过亿的公司老总。今天，创新意识和开拓精神已经深入到许多中国年轻人的血液，他们选择独立创业，去开辟属于自己的新天地。与此同时，外国企业家也在分享中国发展的红利，其中包括20,000多家欧盟在华企业，他们的收益远远超过欧盟对中国的贸易逆差。还有，随着中国社会文明和开放程度的不断提升，特别是网络在中国的普及，通过展示个人才华而一夜成名的传奇也在不断上演。李宇春，一个普通的四川女孩，2005年因赢得《超级女声》选秀节目总冠军获得媒体和社会关注，登上了当年美国《时代》周刊的封面。当然，改变最多的是千千万万普通中国人的生活，他们多年梦想的美好生活正一步步成为现实。特别是数以亿计的农民走出乡村，进入城市特别是沿海地区，获得了新鲜的知识和更高的报酬，他们自己和家人的生活因之大大改变。

China is a land of dreams. China\'s fast growing economy means fortune for entrepreneurs. Mr. Li Xiang, who was born in 1981 and left high school to start his internet company, now runs a business worthy over 100 million Euros. Today many young Chinese choose to start their own business, and the innovative and enterprising spirit runs deep in their blood. Foreign companies are also having lion\'s share of China\'s development dividends. There are more than 20,000 EU companies doing business in China, and their profits far exceed the EU\'s trade deficit against China. With social progress and extensive internet accessibility, people in China are more open-minded than ever before, creating grounds for talented people to make their way to the public spotlight overnight. Li Yuchun is a girl from an ordinary family in Sichuan Province. In 2005, she won the talent show "Super Girls", the Chinese version of American Idol, and that arose huge public interest and media attention, which finally got her on the cover of the Time magazine in that very same year. For all the Chinese, we are moving forward step by step to live up to our dreams of a good life. Especially for farmers, hundreds of millions moved into cities and coastal areas where fresh knowledge and better income helped significantly improve the life of themselves and their families.

第三，这是一个追求崇高价值的国度。在中国的传统文化中，“和”是最高的价值理念，这个崇高的价值目标在今天的中国有了新的内涵和体现。一方面我们强调要实现人与自然的和谐相处，减少经济发展对自然环境的负面影响，实现经济社会的可持续发展。为此，中国政府早在哥本哈根气候变化大会前，就制定了自主减排目标，进一步确定了到2020年碳排放强度比 2005年下降40%-45%的目标，而且不附加任何条件，不与任何国家的减排目标挂钩。在中国经济发展的下一个五年规划中，自主创新、科技进步、绿色经济、可持续发展等将成为重中之重。另一方面，我们还强调人与人的和谐共进。中国政府正带领全中国人民一道努力构建和谐社会，在加快经济发展的同时，逐步建立完善的社会保障制度，理顺分配关系，实现人民的共同富裕，并不断推进政治体制改革和民主法治建设，依法保障公民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权。还有一方面，我们在国际上要推动建设和谐世界。中国是维护世界和平与安全的重要力量。中国累计参与24项联合国维和行动，共派出维和人员上万人次，现正在执行任务的有2100多人，在安理会五个常任理事国中位居榜首。我们还努力促进世界的共同发展与繁荣。截至目前，中国已向120多个国家提供过各种援助，累计免除49个重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，对40多个最不发达国家的商品给予零关税待遇，向其他发展中国家提供了超过2000亿元人民币的援助。

China is a land of harmony. Harmony represents the highest value of the traditional Chinese culture and the idea is gaining new connotations in today\'s context. We pursue harmony between man and nature. In order to mitigate the adverse impact of economic growth on environment and to achieve sustainable economic and social development, the Chinese government voluntarily announced the target, before the COP15, to cut the carbon intensity by 40%-45% by 2020 off the 2005 level. This initiative is unconditional and is not linked to the emission cut target of any other countries. Independent innovation, scientific progress, green economy, and sustainable development are priorities of our work over the course of next five years. We advocate harmonious relations between peoples for common progress. To build a harmonious society, economic development and common prosperity are essential. That\'s why we are also taking steps to gradually improve our social safety net and put in place a more reasonable income distribution system. At the same time, efforts have also been made to reform our political institutions, promote democracy and the rule of law, and ensure citizens\' lawful rights to be informed and the rights of participation, expression and supervision. On the international level, we call for a harmonious world. China has altogether participated in 24 UN-led peacekeeping missions, and has sent a total of 10,000 plus peacekeeping troops with over 2,100 currently deployed, making us the largest contributor among the five permanent members of the Security Council. Apart from these efforts, we have also provided assistance to more than 120 countries and canceled debts for 49 heavily-indebted poor countries and the least developed countries. We grant zero-tariff treatment to products from over 40 least developed countries and provide other developing countries more than 200 billion RMB Yuan of assistance.

这就是青春的中国，一个始终处在前进变化中的中国，是一个重视“和谐”理念的中国。世界在变，中国在变，世界观察中国的视角也在变。观察青春的中国需要青春的视角，唯此才能捕捉住快速变化的中国的真实面貌。但是现在，不少人的观念还停留在上个世纪美苏对立的冷战时代，还戴着有色眼镜来观察中国，他们无法客观看待和正确理解变化的世界和中国，这不能不说是一种遗憾!

These are the answers for the question I proposed earlier. As a Chinese, I see a dynamic China that unceasingly moves forward in pursuit of harmony. The world is changing, China is changing, and so is how the world sees China-the perspectives are changing as well. Nevertheless, even as today, there are still some people unwilling to throw the Cold War mentality behind. It is a pity to see them observing China through colored lens, which makes it impossible for an objective perspective and correct understanding of all the changes around.

但是你们与众不同!我相信，成长于21世纪的你们，没有冷战思维的窠臼，没有“欧洲中心论”的傲慢，没有对中国的偏见和敌视，有的是尊重事实、独立思考和不断质疑的精神，勇于探索关于世界和中国的事实真相。因此，我们今天特别高兴地欢迎你们来到中国使团做客，与我们讨论中国和中欧关系的发展。我们也期待着明年“中欧青年交流年”中你们有机会同更多的中国的年轻人结识和交流。

Having said that, I\'m not at all pessimistic for the future because I know you, all of you here, are different from that. Your memory is free from the shadow of the Cold War, the arrogance of "Europe Centric Theory", and the bias against China. I understand that you respect facts, think independently, challenge conventional views, and you are making hard efforts to explore the truth of both the changing world and the changing China. So we are very happy to have this occasion today where we can share views on the China-EU relations. 2011 is the "Year of China-EU Youth Exchange". I am hoping that you will have more opportunities to meet with and talk to the young people in China.

我们生活在一个快速发展的全球化时代，中国与欧洲的命运前途紧密相连。当前，中国和欧盟都处于令人激动的大发展大调整时期，中欧关系也正面临新的重大机遇和挑战。生逢其时，我们不能只做历史的看客，而应把握和顺应时代潮流，积极参与我们国家的建设，客观认识对方的发展，推动中欧关系取得新的进步。希望大家能在今天的交流互动中有新的收获，也希望你们在今后的岁月中继续以你们青春的视角深入研究中国，并将你们自己的观察和认识介绍给更多的欧洲朋友，引领大家共同关心和支持中欧关系的发展。这样，当多年以后回首时，你们都可以自豪地说，我真的了解中国，我们共同推动了中欧关系的向前发展!

China and Europe share a same destiny in this globalised era of rapid development. We both are currently undergoing major adjustment in the course of our development. There are as much opportunities as there are challenges in our relations. We shouldn\'t sit idly by as mere onlookers of history. Now is the right moment for us to follow the trend of times, promote the development of our countries, while objectively viewing the development of others to facilitate new progress in our bilateral ties. I hope that you will find your visit today rewarding, and I also expect that in the future, you will observe China from a fresh perspective, and share your ideas and knowledge with more of your friends so that we can have more support for stronger bilateral ties. I believe if you do this, when you recall the past years from today, you will speak with pride that you know more about China and you\'ve contributed your own share to the growth of the China-EU relations.

谢谢大家!

Thank you!

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