必看！2020广西民族大学考研成绩查询时间延迟2月20日后

Text 4 Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values,including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries;that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community;that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race,religion,sex,or national origin;that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers;and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law.The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy.In a direct democracy,citizens take turns governing themselves,rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1968,jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals.In some states,for example,jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence,education,and moral character.Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v.West Virginia,the practice of selecting socalled elite or blueribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid20th century.Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty.Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list.This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home,and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968,the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act,ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community.In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v．Louisiana,the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level.The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.
After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed_____

A.sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished
B.educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors
C.jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community
D.states oug

Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested Student’s willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one 5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified,another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7 left alone in the room.The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 subsequent experiments reproduced,this effect with other stimuli 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans.Much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 New Scientific advances,for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire,the insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15,however.in a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor.Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.Hsee says.“in other words,don’t read online comments”14选？

A.self-reliant
B.self-deceptive
C.self-evident
D.self-destructive