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Water Crisis in Spain There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change. Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country not seeing a drop of rain for months. Some reservoirs are nearly empty while the volume of water in some rivers is down to a third of its normal level. Guadalajara, in the centre of the country, used to be a prosperous tourist area. Its old Moorish name, ironically, means water running through rocks. But when Emma Jane Kirby visited the small town of Buendia, she found an ecological disaster area in the marketing. There’s a strange smell around the lake at Buendia, the sort of smell that greets you when you first open the fridge after a week or two away from home—a putrid stench of salad leaves that’ve begun to turn to compost in their cellophane bag. I’m reluctant to mention this to my companion, Marco ObisP0 because this after are is the place where he has spent every one of his summer holidays and a just few hours ago we were pouting over the family photograph books while he reminisced wistfully about his idyllic childhood. The problem is I don’t recognize this place as being the same one he showed me in the pictures Those images boasted bronzed children racing joyfully down a bank of emerald green grass towards a vast expanse of water so blue that the cornflower sky above looked dazzled. But this landscape is bleached and barren, the banks crusted white, the ponds patchy and the colour of thin ink. Guadalajara in the centre of Spain has been hit hard by drought. The rains haven’t come since spring last year, leaving the soil parched and lifeless, as cracked and scarred as the face of a small pox victim. The sun has sucked the life from anything that once had the energy to be green and stealthily, its hot tongue has lapped away at the lake’s edge reducing the reservoirs to a fifth of the size they were twenty years ago. As quickly as the water’s evaporated, so have the tourists—the holidaymakers from all over Europe with whom Marco played as a child have been lured away to other areas of Spain where swimming or sailing a boat can be done without fear of scraping knees or hulls on the lake bed. If the landscape is crying out for new water management, then it’s weeping with painful dust-dry tears. North east of Buendia, only the ancient Spanish pine forests seem able to sustain life, some atavistic survival instinct wing them triumph over droughts which long ago killed off the weaker competition. But the trees are now so dehydrated and sapless they’ve become irresistible to fire-two weeks ago, thirteen thousand hectares were lost to a spark from a barbecue-an inferno that also claimed the lives of eleven men. As far as the eye can see now, the hills are almost bare.
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更多 “问答题Water Crisis in Spain There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change. Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country not seeing a drop of rain for months. Some reservoirs are nearly empty while the volume of water in some rivers is down to a third of its normal level. Guadalajara, in the centre of the country, used to be a prosperous tourist area. Its old Moorish name, ironically, means water running through rocks. But when Emma Jane Kirby visited the small town of Buendia, she found an ecological disaster area in the marketing. There’s a strange smell around the lake at Buendia, the sort of smell that greets you when you first open the fridge after a week or two away from home—a putrid stench of salad leaves that’ve begun to turn to compost in their cellophane bag. I’m reluctant to mention this to my companion, Marco ObisP0 because this after are is the place where he has spent every one of his summer holidays and a just few hours ago we were pouting over the family photograph books while he reminisced wistfully about his idyllic childhood. The problem is I don’t recognize this place as being the same one he showed me in the pictures Those images boasted bronzed children racing joyfully down a bank of emerald green grass towards a vast expanse of water so blue that the cornflower sky above looked dazzled. But this landscape is bleached and barren, the banks crusted white, the ponds patchy and the colour of thin ink. Guadalajara in the centre of Spain has been hit hard by drought. The rains haven’t come since spring last year, leaving the soil parched and lifeless, as cracked and scarred as the face of a small pox victim. The sun has sucked the life from anything that once had the energy to be green and stealthily, its hot tongue has lapped away at the lake’s edge reducing the reservoirs to a fifth of the size they were twenty years ago. As quickly as the water’s evaporated, so have the tourists—the holidaymakers from all over Europe with whom Marco played as a child have been lured away to other areas of Spain where swimming or sailing a boat can be done without fear of scraping knees or hulls on the lake bed. If the landscape is crying out for new water management, then it’s weeping with painful dust-dry tears. North east of Buendia, only the ancient Spanish pine forests seem able to sustain life, some atavistic survival instinct wing them triumph over droughts which long ago killed off the weaker competition. But the trees are now so dehydrated and sapless they’ve become irresistible to fire-two weeks ago, thirteen thousand hectares were lost to a spark from a barbecue-an inferno that also claimed the lives of eleven men. As far as the eye can see now, the hills are almost bare.” 相关考题
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What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.
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EThe need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage（短缺）seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfull country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seaons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Notonly is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water many flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling ro countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation（灌溉）. In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water be resulted in a 25% redcution of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of south eastern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry vallege, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have been the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.72. From the first two paragraphs we learnt that _______.A.much of the world’s water is available for useB.people in high rainfll countries feel luckyC.the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD.water can be easily carried through pipes across the world
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第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. A heat wave is a period of time during whichA:the weather is much better than usual.B:the nights are much longer than usual.C:the weather is much hotter than usual.D:the days are much longer than usual.
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第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. What can people learn from the Mean Heat Index?A:The average temperature of an extremely hot day.B:The highest temperature of an extremely hot day.C:The lowest temperature of an extremely hot day.D:The nighttime temperature of an extremely hot day.
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第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. For people who are in extremely poor health,heat can beA:deadly. B:painful.C:helpful. D:stressful.
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第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. Muscle pain in hot weather means that your body needsA:more exercise. B:more water.C:less oxygen. D:less sugar.
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第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. How many people died from heat in Chicago in 1995?A: About 1700. B: Nearly 1900.C: Around 1100. D: Over 600.
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,Indonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰） covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1 905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,Indonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰） covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1 905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.The smog spread to neighbouring countries.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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WaterFrom the beginning,water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel upon.The first civilization arose(51)________water was a dominant element in the environment,a challenge(52)______man's ingenuity.The Egyptians invented the 365一day calendar in response to the Nile's annual flooding. The Babylonians,(53)________were among the most famous lawmakers in ancient times,invented laws(54)_________ water usage.Water inspired the Chinese to build a 1,000-(55)________canal,a complex system which,after nearly 2,500 years,remains still practically(56)_______ and still commands the astonishment of engineers.But (57)_________never found complete solutions to their water problems.The Yellow River is also known as "China's Sorrow" ;it is so unpredictable and dangerous(58)_________in a single flood it has caused a million(59)________.Floods slowed the great(60)_________of the Indus River Valley,and inadequate drainage ruined (61)________of its land. Today water dominates man (62)_______it always has done.Its presence continues to(63)________the location of his homes and cities;its violent variability can(64)________man or his herds or his crops;its routes links him(65)________his fellows;its immense value may add to already dangerous political conflicts.There are many examples of this in our own time._________(51)A:where B:the placeC:when D:in the place
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The northern parts of the United States get very cold in the winter.It snows a great deal and the?temperature often goes_____21_____zero degree in January,_____22_____and March.But the northeastern and?northcentral regions of____23______have been financial and industrial centers,and they are heavily polluted.
In recent years,people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____24_____these cold winter?months.They go to southern parts of the country____25______it is warmer.Many go to Florida where the?weather is_____26_____.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona,New Mexico and Texas where they._____27_____dry desert climates.
It has become_____28_____nowadays.for old people to move south to these places_____29_____they?retire.Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a?new life_____30_____senior citizens.
Their children likely have homes_____31_____and many of them are moving south_____32_____communities?where they were_____33_____.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____34_____any?other part.Business and industry_____35_____many offices and factories in the south.California is already?the most popular state in the country.
第（25）题答案A.where
B.when
C.which
D.that
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Heat Is Killer Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot,it can_______(51)serious medical problems-even death.Floods,storms,volcano eruptions and other natural______(52)kill thousands of people every year.So______(53) extreme heat.Experts say heat may be nature's deadliest killer, Recently,extreme heat was blamed ______(54)killing more than one hundred people in India.It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can______(55)health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not_______(56)much from the highest daytime temperature.This causes great stress on the human body. Doctors say people can do many things to______(57)themselves from the dangers of extreme heat. Stay out of the sun,if possible.Drink lots of cool water.Wear light colored clothing made______(58) natural materials;avoid wearing synthetic clothing.Make sure the clothing is______(59),permitting freedom of movement.And learn the danger______(60)of the medical problems,such as headache and vomiting,that are linked to heat.Most people suffer only muscle pain as a(n)______(61)of heat stress.The fiain is a______(62)that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity,rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids.Do not return to physical _______(63)for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop. Doctors say some people face an______(64)danger from heat stress.Such persons have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system. Hot Weather also increases dangers for people who must take______(65)for high blood pressure, poor blood flow,nervousness or depression.61._________A:influence B:result C:effect D:view
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Heat Is Killer Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot,it can_______(51)serious medical problems-even death.Floods,storms,volcano eruptions and other natural______(52)kill thousands of people every year.So______(53) extreme heat.Experts say heat may be nature's deadliest killer, Recently,extreme heat was blamed ______(54)killing more than one hundred people in India.It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can______(55)health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not_______(56)much from the highest daytime temperature.This causes great stress on the human body. Doctors say people can do many things to______(57)themselves from the dangers of extreme heat. Stay out of the sun,if possible.Drink lots of cool water.Wear light colored clothing made______(58) natural materials;avoid wearing synthetic clothing.Make sure the clothing is______(59),permitting freedom of movement.And learn the danger______(60)of the medical problems,such as headache and vomiting,that are linked to heat.Most people suffer only muscle pain as a(n)______(61)of heat stress.The fiain is a______(62)that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity,rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids.Do not return to physical _______(63)for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop. Doctors say some people face an______(64)danger from heat stress.Such persons have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system. Hot Weather also increases dangers for people who must take______(65)for high blood pressure, poor blood flow,nervousness or depression.65._________A:food B:medicine C:water D:meal
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.Water was used to try to break up the smog.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.The forest animals haven't been affected by the smog.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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The Smog（烟雾）For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became poisonous（有毒的）.Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.The word"smog"first appeared in 1952.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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问答题The worst pollution threat is concentrated in and near large cities. There the people-made pollutants increasingly surpass the ability of air and water to dilute (冲淡；稀释) the contaminants (污染物) to safe levels. The natural ecological cycle depends on plants, which absorb some pollutants and release oxygen to the air. But near large cities, natural vegetation becomes scarce, and introduced trees, ornamental shrubs and gardens are far from adequate in absorbing motor vehicle and industrial air pollutants. Finally, some pollutants, most notably atomic waste, may continue to contaminate air, land, and water for thousands of years. Therefore, ecocrisis—ecocatastrophe or ecocide—has been for some time one of the major concerns of not only the ecoactivists and environmentalists, but of many scientists of other fields and the government authorities of many countries as well.
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问答题Practice 9 Youth unemployment across the world has climbed to a new high and is likely to climb further this year, a United Nations agency said Thursday, while warning of a “lost generation” as more young people give up the search for work. The agency, the International Labor Organization, said in a report that of some 620 million young people ages 15 to 24 in the work force, about 81 million were unemployed at the end of 2009—the highest level in two decades of record-keeping by the organization, which is based in Geneva. “There’s never been an increase of this magnitude — both in terms of the rate and the level — since we’ve been tracking the data,” said Steven Kapsos, an economist with the organization. The agency forecast that the global youth unemployment rate would continue to increase through 2010, to 13.1 percent, as the effects of the economic downturn continue. It should then decline to 12.7 percent in 2011. In some especially strained European countries, including Spain and Britain, many young people have become discouraged and given up the job hunt, it said. The trend will have “significant consequences for young people,” as more and more join the ranks of the already unemployed, it said. That has the potential to create a “‘lost generation’ comprised of young people who have dropped out of the labor market, having lost all hope of being able to work for a decent living.” The report studied the German, British, Spanish and Estonian labor markets and found that Germany had been most successful in bringing down long-term youth unemployment. In Spain and Britain, increases in unemployment were particularly pronounced for those with lower education levels. Data from Eurostat, the European Union’s statistical agency, show Spain had a jobless rate of 40.5 percent in May for people under 25. That was the highest level among the 27 members of the European Union, far greater than the 9.4 percent in Germany in May and 19.7 percent in Britain in March.
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单选题The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, “or one tourist for every person living in Spain”, means _____.A
all the 37 million people living in Spain are touristsB
every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that countryC
every person living in Spain has to take care of a touristD
every Spanish is visited by a tourist every year
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单选题For all its extremes, Venus is a（n） incalculable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth.A
invaluableB
valuableC
valueD
valueless
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单选题The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, ______ by the police each time.A
had been capturedB
being always capturedC
only to be capturedD
unfortunately captured
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问答题Water Crisis in Spain There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change. Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country not seeing a drop of rain for months. Some reservoirs are nearly empty while the volume of water in some rivers is down to a third of its normal level. Guadalajara, in the centre of the country, used to be a prosperous tourist area. Its old Moorish name, ironically, means water running through rocks. But when Emma Jane Kirby visited the small town of Buendia, she found an ecological disaster area in the marketing. There’s a strange smell around the lake at Buendia, the sort of smell that greets you when you first open the fridge after a week or two away from home—a putrid stench of salad leaves that’ve begun to turn to compost in their cellophane bag. I’m reluctant to mention this to my companion, Marco ObisP0 because this after are is the place where he has spent every one of his summer holidays and a just few hours ago we were pouting over the family photograph books while he reminisced wistfully about his idyllic childhood. The problem is I don’t recognize this place as being the same one he showed me in the pictures Those images boasted bronzed children racing joyfully down a bank of emerald green grass towards a vast expanse of water so blue that the cornflower sky above looked dazzled. But this landscape is bleached and barren, the banks crusted white, the ponds patchy and the colour of thin ink. Guadalajara in the centre of Spain has been hit hard by drought. The rains haven’t come since spring last year, leaving the soil parched and lifeless, as cracked and scarred as the face of a small pox victim. The sun has sucked the life from anything that once had the energy to be green and stealthily, its hot tongue has lapped away at the lake’s edge reducing the reservoirs to a fifth of the size they were twenty years ago. As quickly as the water’s evaporated, so have the tourists—the holidaymakers from all over Europe with whom Marco played as a child have been lured away to other areas of Spain where swimming or sailing a boat can be done without fear of scraping knees or hulls on the lake bed. If the landscape is crying out for new water management, then it’s weeping with painful dust-dry tears. North east of Buendia, only the ancient Spanish pine forests seem able to sustain life, some atavistic survival instinct wing them triumph over droughts which long ago killed off the weaker competition. But the trees are now so dehydrated and sapless they’ve become irresistible to fire-two weeks ago, thirteen thousand hectares were lost to a spark from a barbecue-an inferno that also claimed the lives of eleven men. As far as the eye can see now, the hills are almost bare.
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单选题The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, i.e.,or one tourist for every person living in Spain means_______.A
all the 37 million people living in Spain are touristsB
every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that countryC
every person living in Spain has to take care of a touristD
every Spaniard is visited by a tourist every year
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单选题In more recent years, （） heat exchangers have frequently been employed for jacket water and oil cooling.A
shell and tube typeB
plate typeC
coil typeD
conical disc type
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问答题Practice 8 The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”, because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land. The first immigrants in American history came from England and the Netherlands. Attracted by reports of great economic opportunities and religious and political freedom, immigrants from many other countries flocked to the United States in increasing numbers, reaching a peak in the years 1880—1914. Between 1820 and 1980 the United States admitted almost 50 million immigrants. Some 1,360,000 American Indians, descendants of North America's first inhabitants, now reside in the United States. Most live in the West, but many are in the south and north central areas. Of the more than 300 separate tribes, the largest is the Navaho in the Southwest. Black people were first brought to America from Africa as slaves. Their descendants now make up nearly 12 percent of the population. They once lived mainly in the agricultural South but now are scattered throughout the nation.
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