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Tracking Down HIV

　　In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells.

　　By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died.

　　In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.

　　In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime.

　　词汇：

　　spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘

　　lymph n. 淋巴结

　　sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤

　　exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭

　　immunologist n. 免疫学家

　　malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病

　　count n. 计数，计算

　　infection n. 传染病，感染

　　breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃

　　toll n. 代价，死亡人数

　　intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物

　　abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况

　　blood transfusion n. 输血

　　symptom n. 症状

　　virologist n. 病毒学家

　　virus n. 病毒

　　panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板

　　hemophiliac n. 血友病患者

　　vaccine n. 疫苗

　　注释：

　　1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用

　　2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因

　　3.can be eradicated可以被根除的

　　练习：
4.The basic pattern used to develop this passage is ____.

　　A　chronological der

　　B　personal narrative

　　C　comparison contrast

　　D　question answer

参考答案

参考解析
解析：4.A　该题为对文章线索总结题，chronological der意思为“按照时间次序”，chronological意思为“时间的”，从该文中的几个时间点来看，人们对于艾滋病的接触、了解、应对、研究，应该是按照不同年份进行的，故答案为选项A。
更多 “Tracking Down HIV 　　In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells. 　　By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died. 　　In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died. 　　In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime. 　　词汇： 　　spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘 　　lymph n. 淋巴结 　　sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤 　　exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭 　　immunologist n. 免疫学家 　　malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病 　　count n. 计数，计算 　　infection n. 传染病，感染 　　breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃 　　toll n. 代价，死亡人数 　　intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物 　　abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况 　　blood transfusion n. 输血 　　symptom n. 症状 　　virologist n. 病毒学家 　　virus n. 病毒 　　panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板 　　hemophiliac n. 血友病患者 　　vaccine n. 疫苗 　　注释： 　　1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用 　　2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因 　　3.can be eradicated可以被根除的 　　练习： 4.The basic pattern used to develop this passage is ____. 　　A　chronological der 　　B　personal narrative 　　C　comparison contrast 　　D　question answer” 相关考题
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考题 Tracking Down HIV 　　In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells. 　　By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died. 　　In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died. 　　In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime. 　　词汇： 　　spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘 　　lymph n. 淋巴结 　　sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤 　　exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭 　　immunologist n. 免疫学家 　　malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病 　　count n. 计数，计算 　　infection n. 传染病，感染 　　breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃 　　toll n. 代价，死亡人数 　　intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物 　　abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况 　　blood transfusion n. 输血 　　symptom n. 症状 　　virologist n. 病毒学家 　　virus n. 病毒 　　panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板 　　hemophiliac n. 血友病患者 　　vaccine n. 疫苗 　　注释： 　　1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用 　　2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因 　　3.can be eradicated可以被根除的 　　练习： 2.A T-cell is a ____. 　　A　patient’s blood 　　B　deadly strain of tuberculosis 　　C　white blood cell imptant in providingimmunity to disease 　　D　red blood cell
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考题 共用题干 Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients From TherapyPatients infected with HIV are often concerned about the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status.In fact,some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatment to prevent the release of this information,according to a report published in the August issue of AIDS Care.Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University,Durham,North Carolina,studied the confidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural North Carolina locations.They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudes toward,and experiences with,breaches in confidentiality."The fear of a breach in confidentiality is' definitely affecting the care that HIV-infected patients receive,"Whetten-Goldstein said."Most studied patients had experienced or knew someone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality.""Two types of breaches occurred,"Whetten-Goldstein noted."The first was a more obvious type of breach.One example was a nurse who told her child that her patient was HIV-positive out of concern thather child would play with the patient's child.""The other type of breach was more subtle,one that providers might not consider breaches,"Whetten- Goldstein explained."This type of breach involves providers talking about a patient's HIV status without the patient's knowledge of the interaction.""The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution,but patient's consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can share information,"she pointed out."Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to share information with other providers and why it is being done,"Whetten-Goldstein said."They also felt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs.""However,because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status,they felt that the system should regulate itself,"she added.All patients refuse to receive any treatment because of the possibility to expose their HIV status.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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考题 共用题干 Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients From TherapyPatients infected with HIV are often concerned about the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status.In fact,some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatment to prevent the release of this information,according to a report published in the August issue of AIDS Care.Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University,Durham,North Carolina,studied the confidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural North Carolina locations.They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudes toward,and experiences with,breaches in confidentiality."The fear of a breach in confidentiality is' definitely affecting the care that HIV-infected patients receive,"Whetten-Goldstein said."Most studied patients had experienced or knew someone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality.""Two types of breaches occurred,"Whetten-Goldstein noted."The first was a more obvious type of breach.One example was a nurse who told her child that her patient was HIV-positive out of concern thather child would play with the patient's child.""The other type of breach was more subtle,one that providers might not consider breaches,"Whetten- Goldstein explained."This type of breach involves providers talking about a patient's HIV status without the patient's knowledge of the interaction.""The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution,but patient's consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can share information,"she pointed out."Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to share information with other providers and why it is being done,"Whetten-Goldstein said."They also felt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs.""However,because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status,they felt that the system should regulate itself,"she added.Whether a HIV-infected patient agrees to other(not his)medical workers'sharing the information about his HIV status is one of the rights given by the constitution.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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考题 共用题干 Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients From TherapyPatients infected with HIV are often concerned about the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status.In fact,some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatment to prevent the release of this information,according to a report published in the August issue of AIDS Care.Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University,Durham,North Carolina,studied the confidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural North Carolina locations.They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudes toward,and experiences with,breaches in confidentiality."The fear of a breach in confidentiality is' definitely affecting the care that HIV-infected patients receive,"Whetten-Goldstein said."Most studied patients had experienced or knew someone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality.""Two types of breaches occurred,"Whetten-Goldstein noted."The first was a more obvious type of breach.One example was a nurse who told her child that her patient was HIV-positive out of concern thather child would play with the patient's child.""The other type of breach was more subtle,one that providers might not consider breaches,"Whetten- Goldstein explained."This type of breach involves providers talking about a patient's HIV status without the patient's knowledge of the interaction.""The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution,but patient's consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can share information,"she pointed out."Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to share information with other providers and why it is being done,"Whetten-Goldstein said."They also felt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs.""However,because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status,they felt that the system should regulate itself,"she added.Breaches in confidentiality are common in medical circles all over the world.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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考题 共用题干 Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients From TherapyPatients infected with HIV are often concerned about the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status.In fact,some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatment to prevent the release of this information,according to a report published in the August issue of AIDS Care.Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University,Durham,North Carolina,studied the confidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural North Carolina locations.They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudes toward,and experiences with,breaches in confidentiality."The fear of a breach in confidentiality is' definitely affecting the care that HIV-infected patients receive,"Whetten-Goldstein said."Most studied patients had experienced or knew someone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality.""Two types of breaches occurred,"Whetten-Goldstein noted."The first was a more obvious type of breach.One example was a nurse who told her child that her patient was HIV-positive out of concern thather child would play with the patient's child.""The other type of breach was more subtle,one that providers might not consider breaches,"Whetten- Goldstein explained."This type of breach involves providers talking about a patient's HIV status without the patient's knowledge of the interaction.""The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution,but patient's consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can share information,"she pointed out."Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to share information with other providers and why it is being done,"Whetten-Goldstein said."They also felt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs.""However,because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status,they felt that the system should regulate itself,"she added.Quite a few patients will firmly defend their own right if such a breach occurs.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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考题 Jimmy couldn‘t write down Mr.Baker’s name because________.A.he had no pen or paper B.he couldn‘t read or write C.he had to look after the baby D.he had to play with his brother
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考题 单选题The rescuer can best provide an airtight seal during mouth-to-mouth resuscitation by pinching the victim’s nostrils and（）.A cupping a hand around the patient's mouthB keeping the head elevatedC applying his mouth tightly over the victim's mouthD holding the jaw down firmly
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考题 单选题The “singer” treats the patient by ______.A rubbing the patient’s body with sand from a sand painting figureB destroying the sand painting figure of a supernatural beingC transferring his supernatural power to the patientD applying a magic substance to the patient’s body
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考题 单选题What is the patient suffering from?A A throat infectionB A skin infectionC A serious cut
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考题 单选题He served the army in ______ when he was in_______.A 1980’s; his twentiesB 1980’s; the twentiesC the 1980’s; his twentiesD the 1980’s; the twenties
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