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单选题
Trade unions often ______ with employers for better conditions of pay employment.
A
ask
B
require
C
bargain
D
plead
参考答案
参考解析
解析：
句意：工会经常与老板谈判以期获得更高的报酬。bargain for讨价还价，谈判，指望。ask for请求，向…要。require需要，要求，为及物动词，后面不能接介词。plead for为…辩护。
句意：工会经常与老板谈判以期获得更高的报酬。bargain for讨价还价，谈判，指望。ask for请求，向…要。require需要，要求，为及物动词，后面不能接介词。plead for为…辩护。
更多 “单选题Trade unions often ______ with employers for better conditions of pay employment.A askB requireC bargainD plead” 相关考题
考题
Passage OneIn the late 1860's, industry in America grew rapidly. More factories meant more jobs. But working conditions were dangerous. Employees were forced to work as many as 16 hours a day in hot, dirty rooms. Children often worked alongside adults. Wages were usually very low.Workers tried to improve conditions by forming unions. One of the first important unions was the Knights of Labor, formed in 1869. Blacks and women were welcomed as members. The Knights of Labor wanted an 8-hour workday, higher wages, and better working conditions. The union called for an end to the employment of children under age 14.Together with other unions, the Knights of Labor tried to make changes through collective bargaining. Union leaders would meet with employers and talk. When collective bargaining failed, the unions resorted to strikes. When some strikes that the unions held turned violent, public opinion turned against them. Many members left the Knights of Labor, and by 1890 the union had died out.But other unions survived. The AF of L, American Federation of Labor, was formed in 1881. It continued to push for the goals set by the Knights of Labor. However, most federal laws protecting workers and outlawing child labor were not passed until the 1930's.31. According to the passage, the Knights of Labor wanted all of the following EXCEPT ______.A. an 8-hour workdayB. higher wagesC. improving working conditions in the factoriesD. an increase in the employment of small children
考题
Which of the following statements about labor unions can be concluded based on the information in the passage?A. Labor unions reached their peak of power in the 1986's.B. It. took labor unions many years to improve conditions for workers.C. The early labor unions failed .because they were not concerned with the well-being of workers.D. The early labor unions failed because they could not agree on what they wanted to fight for.
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Because they usually receive the same score on standardized examinations, there is often disagreement as to ___________ is the better student, Bob or Helen.
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose
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“ much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. _______________ , their political influence should be very great.“
A. Even soB. As a resultC. So farD. As usual
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Which of the following is true of Paragraph 2?[A] Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions.[B] Education is required for public-sector union membership.[C] Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unions.[D]Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions.
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The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions[A]often run against the current political system.[B]can change people’s political attitudes.[C]may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.[D]are dominant in the government.
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Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost． __________, their political influence should be very great．A.As a result
B.As usual
C.Even so
D.So far
考题
Text 4 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960,only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now 36%do.In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.In Britain,more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15%of private-sector ones are unionized.There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’thriving.First,they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.Second,they are mostly bright and well-educated.A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree.Third,they now dominate left-of-centre politics.Some of their ties go back a long way.Britain’s Labor Party,as its name implies,has long been associated with trade unionism.Its current leader,Ed Miliband,owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions.The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools,the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one.But the real gains come in benefits and work practices.Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals,keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.Reform has been vigorously opposed,perhaps most egregiously in education,where charter schools,academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable,teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.As the cost to everyone else has become clearer,politicians have begun to clamp down.In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker,the hardline Republican governor.But many within the public sector suffer under the current system,too.John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.The only American public-sector workers who earn well above$250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States.Bankers’fat pay packets have attracted much criticism,but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.39.The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unionsA.often run against the current political system.
B.can change people’s political attitudes.
C.may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.
D.are dominant in the government.
考题
Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ___________ , if not better than, an actual performance.A.as good as
B.as good
C.good
D.good as
考题
Questions 76-80 refer to the following information.
Disagreements among economists are legendary, but not on the issue of free trade. A recent survey of prominent economists both conservative and liberal concluded that an economist who argues for restricting international trade is almost as common today as a physician who favors leeching.
Why the International free trade, economists agree,, makes possible higher standards of living all over the globe.
The case for free trade rests largely on this principle: as long as trade is voluntary, both partners’ benefits, otherwise they wouldn't trade. The buyer of a shirt, for example, values the shirt more than the money spend, while the seller values the money more. Both are better off because of the sale. Moreover, it doesn’t matter whether the shirt salesman is from the United States or Hong Kong （or anywhere else）.
The vast majority of American manufactures face international competition. This competition forces companies to improve quality and cut costs. By contrast, protectionism encourages monopoly, lower quality and higher prices.
Americans pay an enormous price for protection over $60 billion a year, or $1000 for a family of four. Thanks to protectionism, for example, American consumers pay twice the world price for sugar.
Free trade also makes the world economy more efficient, by allowing nations to capitalize on their strengths. The United States has an advantage in food production, for instance, while Saudi Arabia has an advantage in oil. The Saudis could undertake massive irrigation to become self-sufficient in food, but it is more economical for them to sell oil and purchase food from us. Similarly, we could become self-sufficient in petroleum by squeezing more out of oil shale. But it is much less costly to buy some of our oil from Saudi Arabia. Tarde between our two countries improves the standard of living in both.
Protectionism is both wasteful and unjust. It taxes most heavily the people who can least afford it. Thus, tariffs that rise the price of shoes burden the poor more than the rich. Despite the powerful case for free trade, the United States and the rest of the world have always been protectionist to some degree. This is because free trade benefits the general public, while protectionism benefits special interest group, which are better organized, better financed and more informed. To make matters worse, much of what we hear on this issue is misinformation spread by the special interests themselves.
The economists ______.
A. agree on the restriction of internal trade.
B. agree whether to restrict free trade or not.
C. hold different arguments because of their different interests.
D. agree on free trade.
考题
Questions 76-80 refer to the following information.
Disagreements among economists are legendary, but not on the issue of free trade. A recent survey of prominent economists both conservative and liberal concluded that an economist who argues for restricting international trade is almost as common today as a physician who favors leeching.
Why the International free trade, economists agree,, makes possible higher standards of living all over the globe.
The case for free trade rests largely on this principle: as long as trade is voluntary, both partners’ benefits, otherwise they wouldn't trade. The buyer of a shirt, for example, values the shirt more than the money spend, while the seller values the money more. Both are better off because of the sale. Moreover, it doesn’t matter whether the shirt salesman is from the United States or Hong Kong （or anywhere else）.
The vast majority of American manufactures face international competition. This competition forces companies to improve quality and cut costs. By contrast, protectionism encourages monopoly, lower quality and higher prices.
Americans pay an enormous price for protection over $60 billion a year, or $1000 for a family of four. Thanks to protectionism, for example, American consumers pay twice the world price for sugar.
Free trade also makes the world economy more efficient, by allowing nations to capitalize on their strengths. The United States has an advantage in food production, for instance, while Saudi Arabia has an advantage in oil. The Saudis could undertake massive irrigation to become self-sufficient in food, but it is more economical for them to sell oil and purchase food from us. Similarly, we could become self-sufficient in petroleum by squeezing more out of oil shale. But it is much less costly to buy some of our oil from Saudi Arabia. Tarde between our two countries improves the standard of living in both.
Protectionism is both wasteful and unjust. It taxes most heavily the people who can least afford it. Thus, tariffs that rise the price of shoes burden the poor more than the rich. Despite the powerful case for free trade, the United States and the rest of the world have always been protectionist to some degree. This is because free trade benefits the general public, while protectionism benefits special interest group, which are better organized, better financed and more informed. To make matters worse, much of what we hear on this issue is misinformation spread by the special interests themselves.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. International free trade may improve the standard of living all over the world.
B. Economists are all in favor of the free trade policy.
C. International free trade may create international competition.
D. Protectionism has been abolished due to encouraging monopoly, lower quality and higher prices.
考题
Text 2"It can't be that every annual salary negotiation makes it a strain just to begin the school year,"said President Cristina Ferndndez de Kirchner during a speech to Congress on March lst.Yes it can.Strikes ihis week delayed the stan of classes in 19 0f Argentina's 24 districts,after provincial unions and govemments failed to reach agreements about wage rises.Negotiations between the national government and federal unions,which are meant to set a minimum benchmark for the provinces,also foundered.With some unions demanding more than 40%hikes,the national govemment and Buenos Aires's provincial government,the most influential negotiators,offered increases of just 22%and 25.5%Lhis year respectively.The unions called the proposals"a provocation".Tension had been expected.The teachers'unions want salary rises above Argentina's galloping inflaLion rate.Since the start of the year the government has devalued the Argentine peso by over 20%,causing inflation expectations to spike.According Lo Eduardo Levy Yeyati of Elypsis,a consultancy,prices are expected to jump by 32qo this year.And now that the government has started publishing more realistic data,it cannot simply pretend the problem of rising prices does not exist.The teachers'unions have a strong hand.In December provincial police squeezed 35%-100%pay increases out of their employers.Public-sector employees are noL fearful of losing their jobs.Strikes give unions the power to cause widespread chaos.But the government cannot afford to concede too much ground.The negotiations with the teachers will set a precedent for salary talks with other uruons scheduled for later this month and Apnl.To ensure that inflation does not continue to accelerate,the authorities need to curb real wages.Budgetary considerations also play their part.According to Economfa&Regiones,a research group,if the provinces were to grant 30%raises to their 2m employees,that would double their collective fiscal deficit,That may nonetheless be what happens.In the five jurisdictions that were able to reach accords,the teachers and the provinces agreed to increases of around 30%.That wouldn't do much to bring down inflation,but it would at least help keep it from skyrocketinS.And it would mean the school year can begin.
The government cannot compronuse too much to the teachers'unions because_____A.the negotiations are ineffective
B.the strike is actually under control
C.it will seL an example for other unions
D.the teachers'unions will demand more
考题
资料：You can not go forward by going backward. Take the current debate about trade and globalization, for instance, while the impulse to erect trade barriers is understandable given the pain experienced in recent years, it is not the way to create lasting growth and shared prosperity.
Over the past three decades, global flows of trade and investment have accelerated dramatically, creating enormous economic value. However, trade and globalization have also brought wrenching job losses. The financial crisis and weak recovery have made matters worse, intensifying the backlash against trade and globalization.
Part of the problem is that the benefits of trade and investment go largely unrecognized, while the job losses are often overstated. Another significant problem is that participation in trade and investment is limited to a relatively small set of firms. In the U.S., large firms account for three-quarters of total exports, and the vast majority of small and medium-size businesses do not export. This means firms have a great opportunity to boost growth and productivity through wider participation in trade.
That leaves the question of how to help those hurt by trade and globalization. Too often we talk about re-training as a panacea（万能药）.And yes, it helps. But it needs to take into account the different requirements of each workforce and needs to be part of a wider set of support for affected workers and communities.
Above all, it is important to recognize that our economic transition to a global and digital economy is an irreversible trend. Only by broadening participation in the global economy, rather than by trying to turn back the clock, will we discover answers to today’s most vexing economic problems.
What of the following is the best description of the author’s attitude toward trade and globalization?A.Critical
B.Doubtful
C.Indifferent
D.Approving
考题
资料：You can not go forward by going backward. Take the current debate about trade and globalization, for instance, while the impulse to erect trade barriers is understandable given the pain experienced in recent years, it is not the way to create lasting growth and shared prosperity.
Over the past three decades, global flows of trade and investment have accelerated dramatically, creating enormous economic value. However, trade and globalization have also brought wrenching job losses. The financial crisis and weak recovery have made matters worse, intensifying the backlash against trade and globalization.
Part of the problem is that the benefits of trade and investment go largely unrecognized, while the job losses are often overstated. Another significant problem is that participation in trade and investment is limited to a relatively small set of firms. In the U.S., large firms account for three-quarters of total exports, and the vast majority of small and medium-size businesses do not export. This means firms have a great opportunity to boost growth and productivity through wider participation in trade.
That leaves the question of how to help those hurt by trade and globalization. Too often we talk about re-training as a panacea（万能药）.And yes, it helps. But it needs to take into account the different requirements of each workforce and needs to be part of a wider set of support for affected workers and communities.
Above all, it is important to recognize that our economic transition to a global and digital economy is an irreversible trend. Only by broadening participation in the global economy, rather than by trying to turn back the clock, will we discover answers to today’s most vexing economic problems.
What does the author think of re-training as a solution?A.It is a one-size-fit-all solution.
B.It is not helpful to those hurt by trade and globalization.
C.It should meet the different needs of affected workforce.
D.It should not be talked about so often.
考题
资料：You can not go forward by going backward. Take the current debate about trade and globalization, for instance, while the impulse to erect trade barriers is understandable given the pain experienced in recent years, it is not the way to create lasting growth and shared prosperity.
Over the past three decades, global flows of trade and investment have accelerated dramatically, creating enormous economic value. However, trade and globalization have also brought wrenching job losses. The financial crisis and weak recovery have made matters worse, intensifying the backlash against trade and globalization.
Part of the problem is that the benefits of trade and investment go largely unrecognized, while the job losses are often overstated. Another significant problem is that participation in trade and investment is limited to a relatively small set of firms. In the U.S., large firms account for three-quarters of total exports, and the vast majority of small and medium-size businesses do not export. This means firms have a great opportunity to boost growth and productivity through wider participation in trade.
That leaves the question of how to help those hurt by trade and globalization. Too often we talk about re-training as a panacea（万能药）.And yes, it helps. But it needs to take into account the different requirements of each workforce and needs to be part of a wider set of support for affected workers and communities.
Above all, it is important to recognize that our economic transition to a global and digital economy is an irreversible trend. Only by broadening participation in the global economy, rather than by trying to turn back the clock, will we discover answers to today’s most vexing economic problems.
What is the MAIN opinion expressed in the opening paragraph?A.Trade and globalization are debatable.
B.Erecting trade barriers can not bring growth and prosperity.
C.Trade and globalization have caused severe pain in recent years.
D.Opposing trade and globalization is understandable and reasonable.
考题
资料：You can not go forward by going backward. Take the current debate about trade and globalization, for instance, while the impulse to erect trade barriers is understandable given the pain experienced in recent years, it is not the way to create lasting growth and shared prosperity.
Over the past three decades, global flows of trade and investment have accelerated dramatically, creating enormous economic value. However, trade and globalization have also brought wrenching job losses. The financial crisis and weak recovery have made matters worse, intensifying the backlash against trade and globalization.
Part of the problem is that the benefits of trade and investment go largely unrecognized, while the job losses are often overstated. Another significant problem is that participation in trade and investment is limited to a relatively small set of firms. In the U.S., large firms account for three-quarters of total exports, and the vast majority of small and medium-size businesses do not export. This means firms have a great opportunity to boost growth and productivity through wider participation in trade.
That leaves the question of how to help those hurt by trade and globalization. Too often we talk about re-training as a panacea（万能药）.And yes, it helps. But it needs to take into account the different requirements of each workforce and needs to be part of a wider set of support for affected workers and communities.
Above all, it is important to recognize that our economic transition to a global and digital economy is an irreversible trend. Only by broadening participation in the global economy, rather than by trying to turn back the clock, will we discover answers to today’s most vexing economic problems.
According to the second paragraph, where dose the backlash against globalization mainly stem from?A.Blocked flow of trade and investment.
B.Loss of economic value.
C.Declining worker mobility.
D.Distressing job losses.
考题
共用题干
Vocational EducationVocational education refers to education for a particular occupation.Industrialized countries have seen a fall in demand for unskilled workers,and an increase in jobs in the professional,technical,commercial,and administrative sector. Vocational education is traditionally associated with trades and crafts: young people were apprentice to employers for a number of years and learned on the job.Today the focus has shifted from the workplace to secondary and higher education institutions,and from employers to government provision and finance.Trainees in most occupations combine workplace training with study at a technical or academic institution.In the former Soviet Union, school and work were always strongly linked from primary school.Germany provides nine out of ten young people with entering higher education with vocational training,and training is planned from national down to locate level through joint committees of government representatives,employers,and trade unions.In some countries,skills are being grouped and"job families"are created so that individuals can move between jobs with similar technical requirements.In other occupations"competency-based education"is advocated to equip individuals with"transferable"as well as specific skills.In developing countries,where it is traditional for children to work from an early age,only a tiny proportion of students follow a formal vocational program,while the long specialist training of professionals such as doctors,lawyers,and engineers is a costly burden.Training places for technicians,nurses,teachers,and the essential workers are often limited.Worldwide,there is a slow but steady increase in the numbers of women training for occupations of influence in science,technology,law,and business.It is also becoming clear that one course of vocational education is not enough for a lifetime. Retraining,through continuing education is essential.In the former Soviet Union,school and work were always weakly linked from primary school.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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In the foreign trade business， the trade terms CIF is often used. CIF is theabbreviation for（）。A、cost，insurance and FreightB、Commercial InvoiceC、Contract of FreightD、Letter of Credi
考题
（）was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.A、The Conservative PartyB、The Labour PartyC、The Liberal Party.
考题
问答题Free trade is an economic policy under which the government does not interfere with trade. No tariffs are applied to imports or exports, and people are allowed to trade goods and services as they please. Supply and demand dictates the prices for which goods and services sell and are the only factors that determine how resources are allocated in society. Under a free trade system, there are no trade barriers. There is free access to markets and market information, and there are no government-imposed monopolies. The following are opinions from both sides. Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides, and then 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Those who support free trade believe that it allows companies to come by raw materials and lower prices, which, in turn, results in lower prices on the open market. Supporters also believe that the levels of employment in a nation are determined by the monetary policy of that nation and not the trade policy. Additionally, when people must compete for a profit, they produce better products and are more motivated to increase their education and knowledge because these increases come with personal benefits. On the contrary, many believe that the government should dictate prices and impose more taxes on imports and exports. Critics often believe that many outsourced jobs are a result of free trade practices; and regulating trade could keep companies from finding cheaper labor and lower cost overseas. There are also concerns with the social burden of limited job security if companies put too much effort into looking for cheaper labor and lower cost. Critics feel that this results in a more worried, cautious public that is less likely to spend and invest in the economy. This is certainly not an advantage when the world economy is already in recession.
考题
单选题Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. ______ , their political influence should be very great.A
As a resultB
As usualC
Even soD
So far
考题
问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will give your opinion about a specific topic. Be sure to say as much as you can in the time allotted. You will have 15 seconds to prepare. Then you will have 60 seconds to speak.Practice 1 Some employers value education over work experience because they say it gives employees a more complete understanding of a specific field. Other employers prefer work experience, saying it proves the candidate can deal with real world challenges. Which do you think is better and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
考题
单选题When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them（）A
offB
sideC
outD
down
考题
单选题（）was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.A
The Conservative PartyB
The Labour PartyC
The Liberal Party.
考题
单选题Research suggests that women_______.A
are better at telling less serious lies than menB
generally lie far more than men doC
lie at parties more often than men doD
often make promises they intend to break
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