04-24美国副国务卿麦克黑尔在全美汉语大会上的讲话

发布时间：2020-10-05

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“Learning Chinese, Thinking Globally”

---Speech by Judith A. McHale

U.S Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs

At the National Chinese Language Conference

22 April 2010

“学习汉语，培养全球思维”

--美国负责公共外交和公共事务的副国务卿朱迪思·麦克黑尔

在全美汉语大会上的讲话

2010年4月22日

Thank you Vishakha, for your kind introduction. I am honored to join you this evening, and to salute the leadership of the Asia Society and the College Board for convening this conversation on “Learning Chinese and Thinking Globally.”

谢谢，丁文嘉（Vishakha），谢谢你的亲切介绍。今晚，我能与你们共同参加这次活动深感荣幸。我谨向举办“学习汉语，培养全球思维”讨论会的亚洲协会（Asia Society）和大学理事会（College Board）领导人表示敬意。

Last week I met with Ambassador Huntsman, our Ambassador to China. You will not find a more energetic and forceful advocate for this cause. We spent a good deal of our meeting focused precisely on this evening’s topic: promoting Chinese language skills in the United States and enhancing people-to-people ties between the U.S. and China.

上星期，我会见了我国驻华大使洪博培（Huntsman）。为了推动这方面的工作，没有人比他更积极，也没有人比他更得力。我们在会见时花了很大一部分时间讨论今晚的这个题目：促进美国的汉语学习，加强美中两国人民与人民之间的联系。

By coming together here, we have heeded the call of President Barack Obama – America’s first President born and raised in the Pacific – to, in his words, “move the world in a new direction.”

我们在这里举行会议，是为了响应美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马——第一位在太平洋地区出生和成长的美国总统——的号召。用他自己的话来说，就是“推动世界走上新的征途”。

As the President observed in his 2009 address to the UN General Assembly, and I quote, “[w]e must embrace a new era of engagement based on mutual interests and mutual respect, and our work must begin now.”

正如总统在2009年联合国大会上发表的讲话中所说， 让我在这里直接引用他的话，“我们必须迎接一个在共同利益和相互尊重的基础上进行接触的新纪元，我们的工作必须现在开始。”

This gathering carries forth this vision, as we join together to build new bridges of understanding and partnership between the United States and China.

这次会议体现了这一设想，因为我们大家正齐心协力建造美中两国相互理解和伙伴关系的新桥梁。

As the President has stated, “Power is not a zero-sum game.” There is no reason to assume that a rising China poses a threat to the United States, or that China’s emergence represents a diminution of American leadership. Rather, I believe we should see China’s growing wealth and prominence as an opportunity for our nation to forge a new and fruitful global partnership.

总统曾经指出，“实力并不是一场零和博弈。”没有理由认为中国的崛起会对美国构成威胁，也没有必要假设中国的兴起意味着美国的主导地位下降。相反，我认为，我们应该看到，中国的财富与日俱增，声望日益提高，为我国提供了一个机会，有利于打造新的、富有成果的全球伙伴关系。

We all recognize that the security and prosperity of the United States and China – and I believe, the world as a whole – will depend on the extent to which our two great nations find common ground. We have to reach agreement on practical ways of working together on the urgent issues that confront our nations – and all nations – from climate change to nuclear non-proliferation, from global financial stability to human rights.

我们都认识到，美国和中国——我相信，还有全世界——的安全和繁荣将取决于我们两个伟大的国家能在多大程度上找到共同点。我们必须以务实的方式为共同解决我们两国——乃至所有的国家——面临的紧迫问题达成共识，其中包括气候变化、核不扩散、全球金融稳定及人权。

To create the conditions for a fuller partnership, we must expand people-to-people ties between our two nations. Promoting greater Chinese language skills in the United States is vital to achieving this goal.

为了创造条件缔造更全面的伙伴关系，我们必须扩大我们两国人民与人民之间的联系。在美国促进汉语学习对实现这一目标至关重要。

By now, there should be little debate that the relationship between the United States and China is, and will remain, one of the central bilateral relationships of the 21st century.

如今，美中两国关系毋庸置疑已成为21世纪核心的双边关系之一。目前如此，未来仍将如此。

Journalist and commentator Tom Freidman famously observed that the world is increasingly “flat.” Modern travel and communications technologies have made distance almost irrelevant to the diffusion of ideas and opportunities. By the same token, these advances have also lowered geographical defenses against disruption and contagion – whether financial, environmental, or medical.

新闻记者和评论员汤姆·弗赖德曼（Tom Freidman）发表的着名评论认为，世界正变得越来越 “平坦”。现代交通和通讯技术已使距离远近对于传播思想和获得机会几乎毫无影响。同样，这些进步也削弱了防御破坏性和传染性因素的地理屏障，无论在金融、环境还是医药领域都是如此。

Today, no nation is an island. Those who would ignore this fact are destined, I believe, for decline and irrelevance. The future belongs to those individuals and countries that open to the world and equip themselves with the skills and mindsets that a “flat” earth demands for success.

今天，没有一个国家是一个孤岛。我认为，无视这一事实的人注定走向衰败，终将被时代所抛弃。未来属于向世界开放、具备在“平坦”的地球上取得成功所必需的技能和思想的个人和国家。

Paramount among these skills are fluency in foreign languages and understanding of foreign cultures. The United States and China cannot hope to build the rich network of non-official personal and institutional relationships we need for a productive partnership if we can’t understand what each other is saying, or the historical and social background to our words.

这些技能中最首要的就是流畅的外语和对外国文化的了解。如果我们听不懂对方说的话，或不了解言谈中的历史和社会背景，美国和中国就没有希望为个人和机构间的非官方关系建立丰裕的网络。

Rarely in history have two nations of such dissimilar backgrounds shared the center of the world stage. Never have two great powers been obligated to work together on such a broad spectrum of issues. But, as the well-known proverb observes, even if we share the same bed, our relationship can never flourish if we persist in different dreams.

历史上很少有这样两个背景迥异的国家共享世界舞台的中心。从来没有两个大国肩负着在如此广泛的问题上相互合作的重任。但是，如果我们像一个常用的成语所说的那样同床异梦，相互间的关系永远不可能健康发展。

To be able to dream – and work – together more Americans must speak Chinese – and know Chinese people. More Chinese must speak English and have personal relationships with Americans. We must broaden and deepen the circle of citizens in both countries personally involved in each other’s lives, and, by extension, in our bilateral relationship.

为了同一个梦，为了相互合作，更多的美国人必须会说中文，了解中国人民。更多的中国人必须会说英文，与美国人建立个人关系。我们必须拓宽和加深两国公民交往的领域，亲身体验对方的生活，并延伸至两国的双边关系。

This means going where too few exchanges have gone before -- beyond government officials, business people, academics, and other elites.

这意味着进入过去很少进行交流的领域——超越政府官员、工商业者、知识界和其他精英之间的接触。

This means weaving webs of people-to-people ties that extend beyond Washington and New York, or Beijing and Shanghai.

这意味着建立人民与人民之间的联络网，不仅局限于华盛顿、纽约、北京或上海。

This means bringing all sectors of our great and diverse peoples into the equation, across social and geographic boundaries within our two countries.

这意味着跨越两国的社会和地理界线，促使两国伟大和多样性的各行各业人民都加入我们的行列。

There is no better way to build collaborative networks that can withstand the inevitable ups and downs in government-to-government relations in any bilateral relationship. We must ensure that when disagreements arise — as they inevitably will between two countries whose relationship spans so many critical issues — that the relationship is deeply rooted enough for dialogue and collaboration in other areas to continue.

为了建立各种合作的网络，使其经得起任何政府对政府的双边关系中不可避免的起伏跌宕，除此之外没有更好的办法。我们必须保证，当分歧出现的时候——两国关系涉及如此众多的议题，分歧是不可避免的——相互关系之深厚足以允许其他领域的对话和合作继续进行。

To this end, the Department of State is committed to fostering bilateral and global networks of communication and cooperation as a fundamental part of what Secretary Clinton calls “Smart Power.” As the Secretary has said, quote, “partnerships with people play a critical role in our 21st century statecraft.”

为此，国务院坚决支持促进沟通与合作的双边和全球网络，以此作为国务卿克林顿提出的“灵活实力”（Smart Power）的基本组成部分。诚如国务卿所言：“与人民建立伙伴关系对于我们21世纪的治国方略发挥了关键作用。”

During his November 2009 visit to Shanghai, President Obama announced the ambitious goal of sending 100,000 American students to China over the next four years. The State Department has an important role in this initiative. We will connect private-sector donors and educational institutions, provide guidance on new programs, create outreach events, and work with Chinese officials and institutions to realize President Obama’s vision.

奥巴马总统在2009年11月访问上海时宣布今后4年派遣10万名美国学生到中国留学的远大目标。国务院在这项倡议中发挥了重要作用。为了实现奥巴马总统的愿景，我们将联络民间捐赠方和各教育机构，为新项目提供指导，创办外联活动并与中国官员及有关机构合作。

We have our work cut out for us, but we also have a head start. China has become the first choice, outside of Western Europe, for American students studying abroad. And through our exchange programs, the State Department is already supporting more American students to study in China than in any other country in the world.

我们承担了这项重要的任务，但是我们已有了好的开端。在西欧之外，中国已成为美国学生到海外留学的第一选择。通过我们的交流项目，国务院支持美国学生到中国学习的人数已超过到世界其它任何国家的人数。

We are undertaking this effort at all levels, from our high schools to our graduate schools, and we are looking for ways to expand our programs to students in elementary schools as well.

我们正在从我国中学到研究生院的所有层级进行这项努力，同时正想方设法将我们的项目扩展到小学。

The U.S.-China Fulbright Program, for example, is one of the largest in the world with funding from both governments supporting 75 American graduate students and scholars to study, teach, and conduct research in China, and over 100 Chinese students and scholars to do the same in the United States each year.

例如，美中富布赖特项目（The U.S.-China Fulbright Program）是全世界最大的交流项目之一，由两国政府提供资助，每年支持75名美国研究生和学者到中国学习、讲学及从事研究，同时支持100多名中国学生和学者到美国从事学习研究。

We are committed to promoting the study of critical languages, such as Mandarin Chinese at the high school and university levels. Overseas Mandarin language programs for high school students have grown from one summer program for 20 participants in 2006 to more than a dozen programs of varying duration for some 260 participants next year. Among the seven languages, Mandarin Chinese is by far the most popular language under the high school program.

我们一贯倡导关键语言的学习，如中学和大学程度的汉语普通话。中学生的海外汉语普通话项目已经从2006年一个仅有20人参加的暑期活动扩大到明年10多个共有260人参加的期限不等的项目。在中学语言项目的7种语言中，汉语普通话是最受欢迎的语言。

The State Department’s programs manifest the importance we place on strengthening the bilateral relationship -- and the capacity of America and Americans to thrive in the interconnected world of the 21st century -- through language study and exchange. We recognize that the time when we could leave the management of foreign relations to the diplomats is long past. While we in government can lead, and convene, and even cajole, we can’t do it all.

国务院的项目体现了我们高度重视通过语言学习和交流，加强双边关系──并提高美国和美国人民在21世纪相互联系的世界中兴旺发达的能力。我们认识到，完全依靠外交官处理外交关系的日子早已过去。虽然政府可以发挥倡导、召集甚至引导的作用，但是我们无法克竟全功。

Thus, we count on your continuing commitment of energy, ideas, and, yes, money to build the bridges we need across the Pacific if the United States, China, and the world are to prosper in the years to come.

因此，如果美国、中国以及全世界希望实现今后年代的繁荣昌盛，我们就需要靠各位再接再厉，贡献自己的精力、思想，还有金钱，建设我们需要的横跨太平洋的桥梁。

Thank you for all you are doing and we look forward to working with you to find new and innovative ways to expand and strengthen this critical relationship.

谢谢各位所做的工作，我们期望与诸位共同寻找新的、创造性的方法扩大和加强这项重要的关系。

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