考情前瞻：2021年考研英语历史学类阅读理解模拟题及答案（六）
发布时间：2020-10-12
英语是考研初试当中比较拉分的科目，历来令不少考生又爱又恨。许多考生的英语都有很大的进步空间，因此英语该如何学就成为了众多考生关心的重点。想要学好英语，实战经验很重要。下面，51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试英语科目的一些模拟试题，正在备考的小伙伴赶紧练起来吧。
We now must address two questions:
Firstly，where on Earth is the population problem the worst?
It is my opinion that the world\'s worst
population problem is right here in the United States. This is because of our
high per capita resource consumption. It has been estimated that a person added
to the population of the United States will have 30 or more times the impact on
world resources as will a person added to the population of an underdeveloped
nation. Indeed, resource consumption in North America is roughly the same as
resource consumption in the entire rest of the world.
Secondly，where should we apply our efforts to have the most beneficial effect
in helping to solve the population problem?
The answer is, right here in the U.S..
For many people, the population problem is
a problem of "those people" in distant undeveloped countries. In
early 1997, many people successfully lobbied Congress to restore family planning
assistance in the U.S. foreign aid programs. This was a great victory, but it
treats "those people" as though they were the big problem.
Unchecked population growth in the Third
World means depletion of water resources. It means famine. It means suffering.
It pushes populations to clear rainforests. It pushes populations to go out and
graze on land that cannot sustain cattle, and that leads to expansion of
deserts worldwide. We all have a stake in the global environment.
It is so easy to blame the problem on
others and to identify what other people should do to solve the problem, while
we ignore our own responsibilities and avoid doing anything to reduce the
population problem in the U.S.. We need to work to stop population growth in
the U.S..
There are two sources that contribute
approximately equally to population growth in the U.S.: the excess of births
over deaths, and immigration. Both of these must be addressed.
Let\'s compare three aspects of efforts to
stop population growth in other countries with efforts to stop population
growth in the United States.
1) When we give family planning assistance
to other countries, we are dealing with countries over which we have no legal
jurisdiction and where we have little or no immediate political responsibility.
When we confront population growth in the
United States, we are dealing with a country where we as citizens have full and
complete jurisdiction, and where we have political and family responsibilities.
It should be much easier to solve our problem than it is to solve other
peoples\' problems.
2) The negative effects of runaway
population growth in an underdeveloped country are generally felt only in that
country and in its immediate neighbors.
The negative effects of population growth
in the U.S. are felt throughout the entire world, because of our enormous per
capita consumption of resources. Indeed, one of the aims of the many free-trade
agreements about which we currently hear so much, is to open up the world\'s
resources for consumption by consumers in the U.S..
3) In countries receiving family planning
assistance from the U.S. there will always be individuals who will claim that
this assistance is a form of "genocide." They will be strengthened in
this belief if we in the U.S. fail to take steps to halt our own population
growth. As Tim Wirth of the U.S. Department of State has said, the best thing
that we in the U.S. can do to help other countries stop their population
growth, is to set an example and stop our own population growth.
As you think about addressing the problem
of population growth in the U.S., please ponder this challenge:
Can you think of any problem, on any scale,
from microscopic to global, whose long-term solution is in any demonstrable
way, aided, assisted, or advanced, by having continued population growth at the
local level, the state level, the national level, or globally?
So we can see that Pogo was right:
"We\'ve met the enemy, and they\'re
us!"
1.What did the author mainly talk about?
[A] The population problem in the world.
[B] The population condition in the western
world.
[C] The population problem in Europe.
[D] The population problem in the U.S.
2. According to the author， which place should solve the population
proplem?
[A] The US
[B] Europe
[C] Underdeveloped countries
[D] The Third World
3. What did the Congressman think about the
population problem?
[A] He thought that the problem was worst
in America.
[B] He thought that the problem caused many
other problems in the world.
[C] He thought that the problem cannot be
solved easily.
[D] He thought that the problem in the
Third World was to be blamed.
4. Why are the negative effects of
population growth in the U.S. felt throughout the entire world?
[A] Because people around the world are all
concerned about it.
[B] Because per capita consumption of
resources in America is enormous.
[C] Because the U.S. is the most powerful
country in the world.
[D] Because the U.S .has great influence on
other countries.
5. Which is one of the reasons for the
Americans to pay attention to their population problem?
[A] Because some people always claim that
the American assistance for family planning in other countries is a form of
"genocide".
[B] Because there are too many migrants
nowadays.
[C] Because once the population is too
large, the American government will adopt unfavorable policies to limit
migrants\' coming to it.
[D] Because America is now facing a lot of
problems.
参考答案：
1. [D]文章开篇就提出了问题：全世界什么地方人口问题最为严峻?然后作者陈述了自己的观点，在他看来，美国是人口问题最严重的国家，因为在全国范围内出生率与高于死亡率，并且近几十年来大量移民涌入美国。后文通篇都在论述作者的这一观点，因此选 D 项。
2. [A]仔细阅读文章第四、第五段，就能理解题意，找出正确答案。
3. [D]文章中的第六段和第七段都在讲大多数人在提到人口问题是都将其归究于发展中和不发达的第三世界国家，就如同一位有代表性的国会议员讲的话那样，第三世界国家的人口问题导致了水资源的过度消耗，饥荒，灾难等等问题。因此 D 项为正确选项。
4. [B]此题是细节题，根据文中第六段所体现的相关信息，就不难作出正确判断了。
5. [A]文章倒数第五段指出，美国在帮助其他一些国家搞人口控制、计划生育时，总有人会说这是美国的一种“有计划的灭绝和屠杀”政策。因此，如果美国自己不在控制人口增长的问题上做出榜样的话，那些认为美国有屠杀他国人的动机的观点就会得到证实。这是美国需要注意其人口问题的原因之一。因此选 A 项。
以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：在最后阶段，调整自己的心态也是非常重要的，每年都有考生临考前放弃，所以小伙伴们要注意不要给自己太大的压力哦。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。
下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。
B.coarse
C.rude
D.crude
如需补钠，按下列哪个公式计算
B. 12mmolX50X0. 5
C. 12mmol X 50 X 0. 6
D. 10mmol X 0.7
A.丝氨酸 B.甘氨酸 C.天冬氨酸
D.天冬酰胺 E.谷氨酰胺
A.制定地方性的法规
B.制定自治条例和单行条例
C.可以组织维护社会治安的公安部队
D.可以变通或者停止执行国家的法律和政策
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