专项练习：2021年考研英语基础模拟题（五十五）

发布时间：2020-10-26

2021年考研初试备考还有最后的近两个月时间，相信大家也都在紧张的复习当中。在复习时，多做练习题可以让我们更加了解考试内容。下面，51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，正在备考的小伙伴赶紧练起来吧。

Text 4

“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence inhumanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.

The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America\'s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.

Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.

The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?

[A] Critical

[B] Appreciative

[C] Contemptuous

[D] Tolerant

37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to .

[A] retain people’s interest in liberal education

[B] define the government’s role in education

[C] keep a leading position in liberal education

[D] safeguard individuals’ rights to education

38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests .

[A] an exclusive study of American history

[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects

[C] the application of emerging technologies

[D] funding for the study of foreign languages

39. The author implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are .

[A] supportive of free markets

[B] cautious about intellectual investigation

[C] conservative about public policy

[D] biased against classical liberal ideas

40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”

[B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”

[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education

[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education

参考答案：36.A 37C 38.C 39.D 40.B

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：目前2021年考研大纲已经公布，小伙伴们在复习时要注意以大纲为准哦。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。

下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。
酸枣仁的药物组成不包括

A.酸枣仁
B.贝母
C.茯苓
D.川芎
答案：B
解析：
酸枣仁的药物组成：酸枣仁、甘草、知母、茯苓、川芎。
养阴清肺汤与百合固金汤共有的药物

A.生地
B.熟地
C.麦冬
D.当归
答案：A,C
解析：
养阴清肺汤的药物组成为大生地、麦冬、生甘草、玄参、贝母、丹皮、薄荷、白芍。百合固金汤的药物组成为熟地、生地、归身、白芍、甘草、桔梗、玄参、贝母、麦冬、百合。
Text 4 To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work:Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World,recommends building a habit of“deep work”—the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual;or taking a“journalistic”approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day.Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends“deep scheduling”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.“At any given point,I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month.Once on the calendar I protect this time like I would a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”,he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day—in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford,author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy.we also need to embrace downtime,or as Newport suggests,“be lazy.”“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D is to the body...[idleness]is,paradoxically,necessary to getting any work done,”he argues.Srini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School,believes this counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task,they tend to be more efficient.“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”.says Pillay.
This text is mainly about_______.

A.ways to relieve the tension of busy life
B.approaches to getting more done in less time
C.the key to eliminating distractions
D.the cause of the lack of focus time
答案：A
解析：
根据题目的mainly about可知为文章主旨题，首先可以通过题目的复现内容找与文章主旨有关的词汇，题目中反复出现了focus内容，可判断与人们的注意力有。其次，文章主旨一般在开篇第一段或第二段会出现，第一段引用Cal Newport的观点指出focus without distraction话题，第二段就提到了主题approaches to mastering thd art of deep work，此刻主题已明确，并且第四段有明显的证明another approach。所以本题选［A］approa
汉代对选拔任用官吏有身份的限制，以下哪些人不得为官( )

A.商人子弟
B.赘婿
C.因贪赃被免官者
D.宗室子弟
答案：A,B,C
解析：
根据汉代法律，商人子弟、赘婿、因贪赃被免官者不得为官，宗室子弟不得任公位高官。

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