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telegraph（）
- A、车钟
- B、六分仪
- C、船钟
- D、舱机
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●Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.Yet much had happened between.As was discussed before，it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant preelectronic mediam，following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical.It Was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded up，beginning with transport，the railway，and leading on through the telegraph，the telephone，radio，and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane.Not everyone sees that processin perspective.It is important to do so.It is generally recognized，however，that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century，(66) by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s，radically changed the process，although its impact on the media was not immediately(67).As time went by，computers became smaller and more powerful，and they became "personal"too，as well as(68)，with display becoming sharper and storage(69)incteasing.They were thought of，like people，(70)generations，with the distance between generations much smaller.It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe thecontext within which we now live.The communications revolution has influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time，but there have been controversial view about its economic，political，social and cultural implications."Benefits" have been weighed against"harmful"outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.(66)A.brought B.followed C.stimulated D.characterized(67)A.apparent B.desirable C.negative D.plausible(68)A.institutional B.universal C.fundamental D.instrumental(69)A.ability B.capability C.capacity D.faculty(70)A.by means of B.in terms of C.with regard to D.in line with
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The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the () Party.
A.LaborB.RadicalC.ConservativeD.Democratic
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阅读以下说明和C语言程序，将应填入(n)处的字句写在对应栏内。【说明】本程序对某电码文(原文)进行加密形成密码文，其加密算法如下：假定原文为C1,C2,C3,…，Cn加密后形成的密文为S1,S2,S3,…，Sn，首先读入正整数 key(key＞1)作为加密钥匙，并将密文字符位置按顺时针方向连成一个环，如下图所示：加密时从S1位置起顺时针计数，当数到第key个字符位置时，将原文中的字符放入该密文字符位置中，同时从环中除去该字符位置；接着从环中下一个字符位置起继续计数，当再次数到第key个字符位置时，将原文中字符C2放入其中，并从环中除去该字符位置：依次类推，直至n个原文字符全部放入密文环中。由此产生的 S1S2…Sn即为原文的密文。例如，当Key=3时，原文this is a decoding system的密文为：aotgnhedi ys d imietsnc ss当Key=4时，该原文的密文为：ssdtyd htegiasiscnm e ion本程序将电码的原文存放在字符数组old中，加密钥匙存放在整数key中。函数decode用于将原文old加密并返回密文字符数组的首指针。其中函数采用一个双向循环链表CODE来表示密文环：函数strlen用于计算一个字符串中的字符个数(不包括字符串结尾符'\O')。为了简单起见，程序中假设内存容量足以满足动态存储单元分配的要求。include ＜stdio.h＞include ＜stdlib.h＞typedef struct node{ char ch;struct node *forward;/* Link to next node. */struct node *backward;/* Link to previous node.*/} CODE;int strlen(char *s){ int len=0;while (*s++!='\0')len++;return(len);}char *decode(char *otd,int key){ char *New; int length,count,i;CODE *loop,*p;length=strlen(old);loop=(CODE *) malloc(length*sizeof(CODE));for (i=1;i＜length-1;i++){ loop[i],forward=loop[i+1];(1)}loop[0].backward=loop[length-1];loop[0],forward=loop[1];loop[length-1].forward=loop;(2)for (p=loop,i=0;i＜length;i++){ for (count=1 ;count＜key;count++p=p-＞forward;(3)p-＞backward-＞forward=p-＞forward;p-＞forward-＞backward=p-＞backward;(4)}New=(char *)malloc((length+1) *sizeef(char));for (i=0;i＜length;i++)(5)New[length]='\0';return (New);}void main(){ char old[256];int key, num=0;printf("\nPlease input the telegraph: \n");while (num＜255 (old[num++]=getchar())!='\n');old [(num==255)?num:num-1]='\0';do{ printf("\nPlease input Key (Key＞1):");scanf("%d",key);} while (key＜=1);printf( "\nThe decode of telegraph:'%s'is:\n'%s'\n",old,decode(old,key));}
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材料：MV UNISOL GroundedWith the engines on stand-by，orders were given to cut the remaining forward lines at 0755 hours，the starboard engine was put on slow astern and the helm to hard a starboard．When the forward lines were cut，the bow was blown off and swung away from the quay under the influence of the wind and，combined with the effect of the engine going astern on the after spring，canted the bow to port，until a heading of North was reached with the vessels stern approximately 15 meters off the dock face.The engines were put to half astern at 0810 hours and with the bow continuing to swing to port，the after back-spring parted with the stern about 20 meters clear of the wharf．Orders were given to cut the remaining 5 stern lines．This was accomplished by 0818 hours，at which time the end of the pier was abeam of the bridge and the vessel was heading in a NWly direction.Both engines were placed to full astern with the shaft turning 80-90 revolutions．As the UNISOL was unable to gain sternway and with high seas at the end of the breakwater，the Pilot feared that the vessels starboard quarter was in danger of striking the breakwater．Hence the engines were stopped at 0827 hours，and orders were given to let go port anchor to 2 shackles in the water，but about 4 shackles ran out before the brake could be fully applied.At 0828 hours，orders were given to shorten up on the anchor cable，the telegraph put on full ahead and the helm to hard to port．When the engines responded at 0829 hours，the anchor chain was seen to be stretched out on the port beam with a great deal of weight on it and the ships head was 220° gyro with the vessel swinging to port．The anchor was hove short to 2 shackles in the water by 0835 hours，and the vessel continued to drift westwards with 80-90 (full ahead) revolutions on the Engine．At this stage，orders were given to pay out the cable，which was paid out to 5 shackles in the water by 0838 hours，but that too failed to arrest the westward drift of the vessel．At 0840 hours，December 7，1983，with the ships head on 180°，the UNISOL grounded on a rocky bottom，forward of the main engine on her star board side，in approximate position 48°20′30．5″ North，64°40′02″West．A spout of water mixed with oil about 60 centimeters in diameter and 2．5-3 meters high above the engine room bottom plating was observed，and at which time the main engines seemed to slow down．问题：the wind was blowing ______．A.WestB.EastC.NorthD.southThe vessel had ______．A.one engineB.two enginesC.three enginesD.fore enginesAccording to the passage， ______．A.The bow of the vessel parted the pier firstB.The stern of the vessel parted the pier firstC.The beam of the vessel parted the pier firstD.It can not tell which part of the vessel parted the pier firstIt can be concluded that ______ ．A.the vessel was lying portside along the pierB.the vessel was lying starboardside along the pierC.the vessel was lying at a buoyD.the vessel was anchored请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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材料：With the engines on stand-by，orders were given to cut the remaining forward lines at 0755 hours，the starboard engine was put on“slow astern”and the helm to“hard a starboard”． When the forward lines were cut，the bow was blown off and swung away from the quay under the influence of the wind and，combined with the effect of the engine going astern on the after spring，canted the bow to port，until a heading of North was reached with the vessels stern approximately 15 meters off the dock face．The engines were put to half astern at 0810 hours and with the bow continuing to swing to port，the after back-spring parted with the stern about 20 meters clear of the wharf．Orders were given to cut the remaining 5 stern lines．This was accomplished by 0818 hours，at which time the end of the pier was abeam of the bridge and the vessel was heading in a NW-ly direction． Both engines were placed to full astern with the shaft turning 80-90 revolutions．As the UNISOL was unable to gain sternway and with high seas at the end of the breakwater，the Pilot feared that the vessels starboard quarter was in danger of striking the breakwater．Hence the engines were stopped at 0827 hours，and orders were given to“let go port anchor to 2 shackles in the water”，but about 4 shackles ran out before the brake could be fully applieD、At 0828 hours，orders were given to shorten up on the anchor cable，the telegraph put on full ahead and the helm to hard to port． When the engines responded at 0829 hours，the anchor chain was seen to be stretched out on the port beam with a great deal of weight on it and the ships head was 220° gyro with the vessel swinging to port．The anchor was hove short to 2 shackles in the water by 0835 hours，and the vessel continued to drift westwards with 80-90（full ahead）revolutions on the engine．At this stage，orders were given to pay out the cable，which was paid out to 5 shackles in the water by 0838 hours，but that too failed to arrest the westward drift of the vessel．问题：The wind was probably blowing from ________．A.WestB.EastC.NorthD.SouthThe vessel had ________．A.one engineB.two enginesC.three enginesD.four enginesAccording to the passage，________．A.the bow of the vessel parted the pier firstB.the stern of the vessel parted the pier firstC.the beam of the vessel parted the pier firstD.it can not be concluded which part of the vessel parted the pier firstIt can be concluded that ________．A.the vessel was lying portside along the pierB.the vessel was lying starboardside along the pierC.the vessel was lying at a buoyD.the vessel was anchored请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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共用题干
Kate and William's Royal Honeymoon to the SeychellesThe newly minted Duke and Duchess of Cambridge,a. k.a. Prince William and the former Kate Middleton,hopped a private jet Monday for the Seychelles,arriving early Tuesday for a 10-day royalhoneymoon getaway.After landing at the Indian Ocean destination's main airport on Mahe around 7:20 a.m.,a Seychelles tourism official confirmed,they were taken by helicopter to a private island where they willhole up in a private bungalow,the Telegraph said.The islands up for private hire typically include a top chef and staff,according to the Daily Mirror,which quoted a"royal insider"as saying the couple had"slipped out of the country very quietly,they didn't want a fuss."The couple in 2007 visited Desroches Island,indulging in snorkeling and more on one of the Seychelles' 115 islands,People Magazine noted.That trip happened after the two had broken up andgotten back together.Rather than jetting off for their honeymoon immediately after their April 29 wedding,William had gone back to work and Kate was seen shopping for groceries.Their private weekend at home coincided with the U.S.decision to pursue Osama bin Laden with a special-forces raid into Pakistan,though a Buckingham Palace spokesman told the Daily Mail that the honeymoon delay was unrelated and that the couple had made the decision to delay weeks in advance.The royal couple left London without being noticed by the general public.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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What kinds of tools have you in your toolbox?（）A、Spanners and hammers.B、Derricks and cranes.C、Forklifts and warehouses.D、Telegraph and radar.
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单选题When the ship in the condition of stand-by and engine trials, usually put the engine telegraph in the （） position.A
stand byB
slow aheadC
slow asternD
B or C
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问答题Passage 1 Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between. As was discussed before, it was not 1 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded 2 , beginning 3 transport, the railway, and leading on through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures into the 20th-century world 4 the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that 5 in perspective. It is generally recognized, however, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed 6 the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 7 its impact 8 the media was not immediately apparent. 9 time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as 10 as institutional, with display becoming sharper and storage capacity 11 . They were thought of, like people, in terms of generations, with the distance between generations much smaller. It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the context 12 we now live. The communications revolution has 13 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, 14 there have been controversial views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed 15 “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.
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问答题Should museums charge for admission? Museums are expensive to run, with the cost of acquisitions, conservation, maintenance, staff salaries and special exhibitions all weighing heavily upon their budgets. But others think as a non-profit organization, museum should not charge for admission since it can get government support. The following is an article about this issue. Read it carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. Summarize briefly the author’s opinion on the issue; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Britain’s museums are in crisis. On the surface, things look good. Our galleries have benefited from years of expansion. But all over Britain, a darker reality is emerging in the wake of spending cuts. A survey has shown that since the spending review 58% of museums have suffered cuts, and a fifth have been hit by devastating cuts of 25%. On that measure, yes, 42% have not yet suffered cuts—but surely it’s a policy of divide and rule, with councils, not central government, making the big decisions, and less fashionable venues taking the biggest hits (at least as far as I can see). But an overall climate of contraction will surely hit all museums and all aspects of what they do. And there is little chance of this improving in the near future. The worst option is for museums and public collections to start selling works to pay the bills. The recent sale of a Millais by one cash-strapped council is a terrible mistake, a betrayal of our cultural heritage. The best option, I am starting to think, may be to introduce admission fees. I spat out this notion earlier this week in the wake of the attack on two paintings recently in the National Gallery. The debate was taken up by the Telegraph. Obviously, attacks on art happen at museums that charge an entry fee as well as at free ones. But this is about much more than security. I remember the drab, uncared-for feeling of some of Britain’s biggest museums in the 1980s and 90s. They seemed to be straggling now, with no big plans and no sense of splendor. Free museums with a supportive government are very different from free museums in a climate of austerity. Going to the Louvre or to American museums 20 years ago was like entering a different universe of cultural pride and enjoyment—these museums really wanted to thrill, and they did justice to their collections. So do ours—right now. Britons have realized how precious our great collections are. The world shares the passion, and if you visit the British Museum this summer the sheer crowd numbers startle. How about turning that popularity into money? We can’t let recent progress in our galleries and museums be destroyed by a cost-cutting mentality that first freezes, then rolls back, everything that has been achieved. Charging for entry cannot be a taboo. I probably make more use of free entry than most people; there are obviously ways to make entrance fees egalitarian. Free entry for everyone under 20 and all students, membership schemes for the rest of us, something like the new National Art Pass for those who want to purchase annual overall access. I think free museums are a great British tradition, but I don’t want these museums to decay. Charging for entry is a better remedy than selling paintings, closing galleries or sacking staff. Might it even give visitors a keener sense of the value of some of the greatest experiences it is possible to have?
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问答题Practice 2 One of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century (1)______, which are known as wire services. Wire service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue (2)______. Today the major wire services are the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story. Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or more newspapers (3)______. A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and (4)______. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. Papers have combined (5)______. Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry.[A] to play an important role in newspaper operations[B] was the growth of telegraph services[C] and they usually enjoy great prestige[D] they are usually operated by a single owner[E] in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs[F] owned by a single person or organization animation[G] fails to raise enough money.
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单选题The third officer’s duty is to（）when vessel is commanded under the pilot or captain.A
operate the wheel and stand byB
keep a lookout and operate steering gearC
enter telegraph orders in the bell bookD
operate the telegraph and enter telegraph orders in the bell book
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单选题Which of the following is false?（）A
preparation for stand-by should be organized by engine roomB
engine trails should be agreed with bridge, and then do itC
As to engine trials of the twin diesels and two propellers, the two diesels should use “slow ahead” at the same timeD
After engine trials, the handle of the engine telegraph should be put in the “stop” position
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单选题Vessels are warned（）in the area enclosed by pecked lines owing to the existence of numerous telegraph cables.A
anchorB
to anchorC
not to anchorD
not to anchoring
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单选题Before "stand-by" is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main engine （） ahead and astern.A
a brief trial with turning gearB
a brief trial on powerC
a long trial by steering gearD
one minutes trial with windlass
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单选题The telegraph is the（）(设备)that connects the engine room and the bridge.A
gearB
equipmentC
engineD
sextant
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问答题Practice 2 The British are the most voracious newspaper readers in the world. They read newspapers at breakfast; they walk to the bus reading a newspaper; they read a newspaper on the bus, as they go to work; and on the way back home, after work, they are engrossed in an evening newspaper. There are many “morning papers”, both national and provincial. The most famous is The Times. Contrary to what many foreigners believe, this is not a government newspaper. The various newspapers usually have their own views on politics, but they are not organs of the political parties, with the exception of the Communist Morning Star. Bold headlines and a variety of photographs are features of the British press. Some newspapers, such as the sober Daily Telegraph and The Times (which belong to the “quality press’’) use photographs sparingly. The more “popular” newspapers, using the small or “tabloid” format, such as the Daily Express, the Daily Mail, the Daily Mirror and The Sun, use pictures extensively and also run strip-cartoons and humorous drawings, some of which present striking pictorial comment on politics. Besides offering features common to newspapers all over the world, British newspapers specialize in pages devoted to criticism of the arts and a woman’s page. One feature found in many foreign newspapers is missing in British papers: the serial. Nearly all papers pay special attention to the reporting of sport and athletics. The evening newspapers (the first editions of which appear in the morning!) are often bought because the purchaser wants to know the winner of a race, or to get a good tip for a race that is still to be run. There is no censorship of the press in Britain (except in wartime), though of course all newspapers-like private persons-are responsible for what they publish, and be sued for libel for publishing articles that go beyond the bounds of decency, or for “contempt for court” (e. g. calling man a murderer while he is still being tried). Such lawsuits are infrequent. The population of the United Kingdom is now over 55,000,000. About 17,500,000 newspapers are sold every day. The British people, therefore, are great readers of newspapers. There are few homes to which one newspaper is not delivered every morning. Many households have two, or even three, newspapers every day. One newspaper may be delivered at the house, a member of the family may buy one at the station bookstall to read in the train as he goes to town, and someone else in the family may buy an evening newspaper later in the day.
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问答题Practice 9 The British are the most voracious newspaper readers in the world. They read newspapers at breakfast; they walk to the bus reading a newspaper; they read a newspaper on the bus, as they go to work; and on the way back home, after work, they are engrossed in an evening newspaper. There are many “morning papers”, both national and provincial. The most famous is The Times. Contrary to what many foreigners believe, this is not a government newspaper. The various newspapers usually have their own views on politics, but they are not organs of the political parties, with the exception of the Communist Morning Star. Bold headlines and a variety of photographs are features of the British press. Some newspapers, such as the sober Daily Telegraph and The Times (which belong to the “quality press'') use photographs sparingly. The more “popular” newspapers, using the small or “tabloid” format, such as the Daily Express, the Daily Mail, the Daily Mirror and The Sun, use pictures extensively and also run strip-cartoons and humorous drawings, some of which present striking pictorial comment on politics.
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单选题When the direction handle of telegraph is moved, the relative position of camshaft and crankshaft will be（）A
changed accordinglyB
unchangedC
positioned aheadD
positioned astern
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单选题When stand-by before sailing, the duty engineer and officer should check clock, engine telegraph and rudder, and then write it in the （）A
engine room logbookB
voyage logbookC
engine room logbook or voyage logbookD
engine room logbook and voyage logbook
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单选题The third officer（）at the telegraph and also writing on the log.A
workB
is workingC
are workingD
was working
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