考前冲刺：2021年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题(2020-10-09)

发布时间：2020-10-09

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英语是考研初试当中比较拉分的科目，历来令不少考生又爱又恨。许多考生的英语都有很大的进步空间，因此英语该如何学就成为了众多考生关心的重点。想要学习英语，实战经验很重要。下面，51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试英语科目的一些模拟试题，正在备考的小伙伴赶紧练起来吧。

Section ⅡReading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

一、从鸡蛋中培养流感疫菌

Modern technology has put men on the moon and deciphered the human genome. But when it comes to brewing up flu to make vaccines, science still turns to the incredible edible egg. Ever since the 1940s, vaccine makers have grown large batches of virus inside chicken eggs. But given that some 36,000 Americans die of flu each year, it’s remarkable that our first line of defense is still what Secretary of Health and Human Services Tommy Thompson calls “the cumbersome and archaic egg-based production.” New cell-based technologies are in the pipeline, however, and may finally get the support they need now that the United States is faced with a critical shortage of flu vaccine. Although experts disagree on whether new ways of producing vaccine could have prevented a shortage like the one happening today, there is no doubt that the existing system has serious flaws.

Each year, vaccine manufacturers place advance orders for millions of specially grown chicken eggs. Meanwhile, public-health officials monitor circulating strains of flu, and each March they recommend three strains—two influenza A strains and one B strain—for manufacturers to include in vaccines. In the late spring and summer, automated machines inject virus into eggs and later suck out the influenza-rich goop. Virus from the eggs’ innards gets killed and processed to remove egg proteins and other contaminants before being packaged into vials for fall shipment.

Why has this egg method persisted for six decades? The main reason is that it’s reliable. But even though the eggs are reliable, they have serious drawbacks. One is the long lead time needed to order the eggs. That means it’s hard to make more vaccine in a hurry, in case of a shortage or unexpected outbreak. And eggs may simply be too cumbersome to keep up with the hundreds of millions of doses required to handle the demand for flu vaccine.

What’s more, some flu strains don’t grow well in eggs. Last year, scientists were unable to include the Fujian strain in the vaccine formulation. It was a relatively new strain, and manufacturers simply couldn’t find a quick way to adapt it so that it grew well in eggs. “We knew the strain was out there,” recalls Theodore Eickhoff of the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, “but public-health officials were left without a vaccine—and, consequently, a more severe flu season.”

Worse, the viruses that pose the greatest threat might be hardest to grow in eggs. That’s because global pandemics like the one that killed over 50 million people between 1918 and 1920 are thought to occur when a bird influenza changes in a way that lets it cross the species barrier and infect humans. Since humans haven’t encountered the new virus before, they have little protective immunity. The deadly bird flu circulating in Asia in 1997 and 1998, for example, worried public-health officials because it spread to some people who handled birds and killed them—although the bug never circulated among humans. But when scientists tried to make vaccine the old-fashioned way, the bird flu quickly killed the eggs.

1.The moon-landing is mentioned in the first paragraph to illustrate_____.

[A] technology cannot solve all of our human problems

[B] progress in vaccine research for influenza has lagged behind

[C] great achievements have been made by men in exploring the unknown

[D] the development of vaccine production methods can not be stopped

2.What step is essential to the traditional production of flu vaccine?

[A] Manufacturers implant the vaccine into ordered chicken eggs.

[B] Scientists identify the exact strain soon after a flu pandemic starts.

[C] Public health measures are taken as an important pandemic-fighting tool.

[D] Viruses are deadened and made clean before being put into vaccine use.

3.The foremost reason why the egg-based method is defective lies in_____.

[A] the complex process of vaccine production [B] its potential threat to human being

[C] the low survival rate for new flu vaccines [D] its contribution to the flu vaccine shortage

4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

[A] Flu vaccines now mainly use egg-based technology.

[B] A bird influenza has once circulated among humans.

[C] Safety can be greatly improved with cell-culture vaccines.

[D] Modern vaccine production methods are to replace egg-based methods.

5.In the author’s view, the new vaccine production method seems to be_____.

[A] remarkable [B] criticized [C] efficient [D] accepted

答案： 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D

核心词汇与超纲词汇

(1)decipher(v.)破译，辨认(难认、难解的东西)

(2)genome(n.)基因组，染色体组

(3)brew(v.)酿制(啤酒)，沏(茶)，煮(咖啡);~ up酝酿;(常用于进行时)(不愉快的事)即将来临

(4)cumbersome(a.)大而笨重的;繁琐的，复杂的

(5)archaic(a.)过时的，陈旧的;古代的，早期的

(6)in the pipeline在准备中; 在完成中; 在进行中; (货物)运输中; 即将送递

(7)circulate(v.)循环;传播，流传;传递，传阅(~ sth. to sb.)

(8)strain(n.)(动、植物的)系，品系，品种

(9)innards(n.)内脏，内部结构

(10)pandemic(a.)广泛流传的，普遍的，流行的;(大范围)传染病的;(n.)全国[全世界]性的流行病

(11)lead time 前置时间，指完成一个程序或作业所需要的一段时间。

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：在最后阶段，调整自己的心态也是非常重要的，每年都有考生临考前放弃，所以小伙伴们要注意不要给自己太大的压力哦。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。

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下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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