自考本科是不是要考很多门？相对很难对吗？

It seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains.But actually the?umbrella was not invented as protection against rain.Its first use was as a shade against the sun!
Nobody knows who first invented it,but the umbrella was used in very ancient times.Probably?the first to use it were the Chinese,as early as the eleventh century B.C.
We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade.And there?was a strange thing connected with its use:it became a symbol of honour and authority.In the Far?East in ancient times the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high office.
In Europe,the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade.And the umbrella was?in common use in ancient Greece.But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the?umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.
During the Middle Ages,the use of the umbrella practically disappeared.Then it appeared?again in Italy in the late sixteenth century.And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority.By 1680,the umbrella appeared in France,and later on in England.
By the eighteenth century,the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe.Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time,though they have become much lighter in weight.It wasn′t until the twentieth century that women′s umbrellas began to be made,in a whole variety of colours.

This passage talks mainly about__

A.how the umbrella was invented
B.why the umbrella was so popular in Europe
C.the development of the umbrella
D.who needed umbrella first

Passage Two
The thought of not sleeping for twenty-four hours or more is not a pleasant one for most people．The amount of sleep that each person needs varies．In general,each of us needs about eight hours of sleep each day to keep our bodies healthy and happy．Some people,however,can get by just a few hours of sleep at night．
It doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps．But everyone needs some rest to stay alive．Few doctors would have thought that there might be an exception on this．Sleep is,after all,a very basic need．But a man named AI Herpin turned out to be a real exception,for supposedly,he never slept!
A1 Herpin was 90 years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersey．They hoped to negate the claims that he never slept．But they were surprised．Though they watched him every hour of the day,they never saw Herpin sleeping．He did not even own a bed．He never needed one．
The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read a half dozen news-papers．His doctors were baffled by this strange case of permanent insomnia．Herpin offered the only clue to his condition．He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days be-fore he had been born．Herpin died at the age of 94,never having slept a wink．

The expression“get by”,in the last sentence of the first paragraph is______

A.a confusing expression
B.a rude expression
C.an everyday expression
D.an improper expression

我国社会主义初级阶段要完成的历史任务是（ ）

A.发展生产力
B.建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制
C.实现工业化
D.基本实现社会主义现代化

借助于内部言语在头脑中完成的智力活动方式称为( )

A.智力维度
B.智力类型
C.智力技能
D.智力结构