【每日一练(2020-10-05)

发布时间：2020-10-05

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导读：国务委员在第二次访问赞比亚是的讲话。尊敬的孔达副总统阁下，

尊敬的议长先生，

各位部长，各位使节，

女士们、先生们、朋友们：

一个星期来，我先后访问了埃塞俄比亚、阿尔及利亚、赤道几内亚、刚果（金），昨晚到了赞比亚。请允许我占用大家一点时间讲几句话。

这是我第二次来到美丽可爱的赞比亚，再次沉浸在非洲特有的热烈友好气氛之中。首先，我要衷心感谢孔达副总统和赞比亚政府的盛情款待和周到安排，向赞比亚的兄弟姐妹们道一声你们好。我要特别转达胡锦涛主席对班达总统和赞比亚人民的亲切问候。

赞比亚是非洲大陆上重要而富有影响力的国家，是中国在非洲的好朋友、好兄弟、好伙伴。长期以来，贵国政府和人民积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，不断战胜各种风险和挑战，始终保持政治稳定、经济发展、民族和睦。去年以来，面对国际金融危机的严峻挑战，在班达总统和贵国政府领导下，赞比亚人民迎难而上，保持了经济平稳较快发展。赞比亚变得更加稳定，更加繁荣，更加自信，赢得非洲和世界的尊重。我们衷心祝愿赞比亚的未来更加美好。我们确信，在双方共同努力下，中赞关系的未来也一定会更加美好。

21世纪的头十年是世界大变革、人类大进步的十年，其中深刻而重大的变化是发展中国家力量和影响快速上升。过去一些年我曾访问过20多个非洲国家，深深感到，这十年是非洲大踏步前进的十年。今天的非洲形势更“稳”了，战火和硝烟在逐渐散去，一个和平稳定的新时期正在降临。今天的非洲发展更“快”了，经济连续保持5%以上的增长率，到处洋溢着蓬勃生机和发展活力。今天的非洲比过去更“强”了，联合自强成为共同意识，一体化进程取得重大进展。今天的非洲比过去更“香”了，在国际舞台上的声音越来越响亮，在世界上的地位和影响明显上升。2010年南非足球世界杯赛成功举行就是非洲复兴的标志性事件之一。正如南非世界杯主题曲唱的那样，非洲时刻已经来临。我们由衷地为此感到高兴，确信非洲国家和人民一定能把非洲的事情办好。如果说20世纪是非洲“民族解放”的世纪，那么21世纪必将是非洲“和平发展”的世纪。

过去的十年也是中非关系长足发展的十年。影响深远的中非合作论坛得以建立和发展，论坛北京峰会成功召开，中非政治、经济、文化等关系全面深入发展，务实合作达到了前所未有的广度和深度，贸易额实现了从100亿美元到1000亿美元的历史性跨越，人民之间的交往更加密切，相互了解和友谊更加深厚。这是中非几代人共同奋斗的结果。借此机会，请允许我对在座的各位朋友并通过你们向长期以来为中非友好事业呕心沥血的前辈和朋友们致以崇高的敬意，表示衷心的感谢。

当中非关系蓬勃向前发展、非洲人民为之高兴的时候，世界上却有人说什么中国已经不是发展中国家，不需要、不重视非洲了，要和什么人“共治”世界了。更有甚者说什么，中国在重走西方殖民主义掠夺非洲的老路。朋友们，这像不像神话？相信你们会很清楚，这既不是事实，也是不可能发生的事情。那么为什么有人要这么说呢？这恰恰说明中非合作之路走得好，走对了！要继续走下去！

朋友们大概知道，中国改革开放30多年来，确实取得了举世瞩目的经济社会发展，但中国的发展成果要由13亿人来分享，迄今还有近1.4亿生活在贫困线下，光残疾人就有8000多万，中国人均GDP排在世界104位，在许多非洲国家之后。中国仍然是一个名符其实的发展中国家。有人可能不信，因为他们看到的只是北京、上海等大城市，没有看到像我的家乡贵州省那样一些边远山区和贫困地区，没有看到我们面临的很多很多的难题。中国即便将来强大起来了，仍将是发展中国家的一员，将继续坚定不移地同非洲兄弟和广大发展中国家站在一起，团结合作，共同发展，永不变心。

中国把对外政策的基本立足点和出发点始终放在同包括非洲国家在内的发展中国家团结合作上，这是基于我们共同的历史遭遇、共同的战斗友谊、共同的发展任务、共同的战略利益，绝不会因为自身经济的发展和国际地位的变化而改变，不会因国际形势的变化而变化。无论过去、现在还是将来，中国都始终把非洲国家视为最真诚、最值得信赖的好朋友、好伙伴、好兄弟。我们深知，中非友谊是毛泽东、周恩来和非洲老一代政治家共同缔造的，是我们同非洲共同的宝贵政治财富，是我们共同拥有的独特战略优势，我们有千条万条理由要永远珍惜它，维护它，发展它。

毋庸讳言，在发展同非洲兄弟关系的过程中我们不是没有需要改进、完善的地方，我们欢迎一切善意的批评和建议。但我们可以问心无愧地说，中国同非洲的合作是光明磊落的：我们坚持尊重非洲国家的主权和发展道路，不干涉非洲国家的内政；坚持同非洲国家平等相待，在互利共赢基础上开展合作；坚持向非洲提供不附加任何政治条件的真诚友好援助；始终认为中国和非洲之间的援助和支持是相互的；始终把自身发展寓于与非洲共同发展之中，并以自身发展促进非洲国家发展。非洲是非洲人民的非洲，我们从不寻求在非洲建立所谓“势力范围”，无意同其他国家在非洲恶意竞争。

我们愿意看到全世界所有国家都平等对待非洲，真诚地帮助非洲发展，促进非洲的稳定与繁荣。所谓“新殖民主义”的帽子是无论如何戴不到中国头上的！朋友们，不管别人说什么，我们中国都将坚定不移地走同非洲相互尊重、平等相待、互利合作、共同发展的道路，而决不走西方殖民主义、帝国主义走过的老路。我们没有这样的政策，我们没有这样的传统和基因，有的只是一颗对非洲朋友始终如一的赤诚友好之心。

中非友好合作事业顺应世界多极化和经济全球化发展潮流，符合占世界三分之一人口的中国和非洲人民的根本利益。发展是硬道理。我们愿意同非洲朋友一起，抓住机遇，排除干扰，一心一意地谋求21世纪中非友好合作在更高水平上的持续发展，实现共同繁荣。

推动中非合作不断发展，我以为：

—— 最重要的基础是继承和发展传统友谊，坚持相互尊重、平等相待、互利共赢等原则，这是中非关系万古长青的根本。

——最基本的途径是扩大和深化平等互利合作，促进实现非洲和中国发展复兴的伟大目标。

——最紧迫的任务是促进改善非洲民生，着力提高非洲自主发展能力，落实联合国千年发展目标。

——最持久的动力是密切人文交流，相互学习借鉴发展经验，开展人力资源培训，增进相互了解，培养相知相亲的年轻一代。

——最重要的问题是坚持与时俱进，开拓创新。做得好的要坚持发扬，不足的加以改进和提高，需要创新的根据实际情况和需要加以创新，出现什么问题要通过友好沟通加以妥善解决。

朋友们，上个世纪60年代，当我还是年轻人的时候就热爱上了非洲。当年我看过的话剧“赤道战鼓”、“椰林怒火”、“非洲风云”深深地留在了我的记忆之中。21世纪的今天访问非洲，我走到哪里，哪里都在谋发展，谈合作。非洲人民是伟大的人民。非洲是大有希望和前途的大陆。我对非洲的未来充满信心，对中非关系的未来充满信心。我确信，建立在双方牢固传统友谊和共同利益基础上的中非新型战略伙伴关系的巨轮，一定会乘风破浪驶向更加美好的未来，造福于中非人民，造福于世界。

谢谢大家！

Mr. Speaker,

Honorable Ministers,

Diplomatic Envoys,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

Over the past week, I have visited Ethiopia, Algeria, Equatorial Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. I arrived in Zambia yesterday evening. Please allow me to take up some of your time to make a few remarks.

This is my second visit to the beautiful and lovely Zambia. I am once again overwhelmed by the warm and friendly atmosphere unique to Africa. First, I wish to take this opportunity to express heartfelt thanks to Vice President Kunda and the Zambian government for your gracious hospitality and thoughtful arrangements. Let my say “MWACHOMA BWANJI!” to my Zambian brothers and sisters. I wish to particularly convey President Hu Jintao’s cordial greetings to His Excellency President Banda and the Zambian people.

Zambia is an important country with major influence on the African continent. It is China’s good friend, good brother and good partner in Africa. For years, the Zambian government and people have worked tirelessly to explore a development path suited to its national conditions. You have prevailed over various risks and challenges and maintained political stability, economic development and ethnic harmony. Since last year, in the face of the severe challenge of the international financial crisis, the Zambian people, under the leadership of President Banda and the Zambian government, have braved the difficulties head on and maintained steady and fast economic development. This has brought Zambia greater stability, prosperity and confidence, and gained the country respect from the whole of Africa and beyond. We wish Zambia an even brighter future, and we are confident that, with the joint efforts of both sides, the China-Zambia relationship will also have a better future.

The first decade of the 21st century is a decade of major changes in the world and tremendous progress by mankind. A profound and significant change is the rapid rise in the strength and influence of developing countries. I have visited nearly 20 African countries over the past few years, and I believe that this past decade is truly one of significant progress for Africa. In my eyes, Africa has become more “stable”. The tumults of wars have ended and a new era of peace and stability is dawning. Africa is getting “faster”. The African economy has maintained a growth rate of over 5% and the continent is beaming with vigor and vitality. Africa has grown “stronger”. Achieving strength through unity has become a common awareness and major progress has been made in the integration process. And Africa is becoming more “attractive”. The voice of Africa is getting louder on the international stage, and Africa’s standing and influence in the world are notably on the rise. One symbol of progress in African’s renaissance is the success of the 2010 FIFA World Cup held in South Africa. As the theme song of the World Cup goes, this is the time for Africa. We feel truly happy for you, and we are convinced that the African countries and their people will run African affairs well. If the 20th century was a century of “national liberation” for Africa, then the 21st century will be one of “peaceful development” for you.

The past decade has also been one of significant growth of China-Africa relations. The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), a platform of far-reaching influence, was inaugurated and substantiated, and the FOCAC Beijing Summit was successfully held. China-Africa relations have made all-round and in-depth progress on the political, economic and cultural fronts. Our result-oriented cooperation has reached unprecedented breadth and depth and our two-way trade has surged from US$10 billion to a historic US$100 billion. People-to-people exchanges have become closer, and mutual understanding and friendship have deepened. All this is attributable to the hard work of the Chinese and African peoples over the generations. I wish to take this opportunity to pay tribute and say a big “thank you” to all the friends present, and through you, to the forerunners who have dedicated themselves to the cause of China-Africa friendship.

However, when our relationship is moving forward and the African people rejoice at its progress, some in the world are suggesting that China is no longer a developing country, that China no longer needs Africa or thinks of Africa as important and that China will team with someone to jointly “manage” the world. Some have gone so sensational as to claim that China is repeating the western colonial path of exploiting Africa. Doesn’t it sound like a myth? I am sure you all know, my friends, that what they say is neither the truth nor anything possible. Then why do some say so? They make such allegations precisely because China-Africa cooperation has proved to be the right path to take. It is a path that has led us to great success and we should continue to follow this path.

As you probably know, China has achieved rapid economic and social progress in the past 30 years or more since reform and opening-up. Yet, our development achievements have had to be shared among the 1.3 billion Chinese people. Among them, nearly 140 million still live in poverty and over 80 million are with disabilities. China’s per capita GDP ranks 104th in the world, behind many countries in Africa. China remains a developing country in every sense of the term. Those who do not think so have in their eyes only big cites like Beijing, Shanghai, and not places in the remote, mountainous and poverty-stricken areas in China like Guizhou, my home province. What they do not realize is that China faces many difficulties. Even if China becomes strong in the future, it will remain a developing country and will continue to side firmly with our African brothers and other developing countries and work in cooperation and solidarity with you for common development. China’s heart will never change.

Solidarity and cooperation with African countries and other developing countries is always the very basis and point of departure of China’s foreign policy. This is determined by our similar historical experience, the friendship we forged during our common struggle, the common task of development we face and the strategic interests we share. This will not change with the development of China’s economy, or the changes in China’s international standing, or the changes of the international situation. For China, African countries were, are and will continue to be good friends, good partners and good brothers with whom our friendship is the most sincere and trustworthy. We know too well that China-Africa friendship was jointly developed by Chairman Mao Zedong, Premier Zhou Enlai and the older generation of African statesmen. It is an invaluable political asset for both China and Africa and it gives us a unique strategic advantage. We have every reason to always cherish it, uphold it and let it grow even stronger.

There is no denying that there is still room for improvement in our efforts to grow relations with our African brothers. And we are open to any criticism and suggestion based on goodwill. But there are things we are certainly proud of. China’s cooperation with Africa is open and China pursues no hidden agenda. We have always given respect to the sovereignty and development paths of African countries and never interfered in your internal affairs. We have always followed the principle of equality and mutual benefit in conducting cooperation with Africa. We have always been offering sincere and friendly assistance to Africa and never attached any political conditions to such assistance. We have always taken the assistance and support between China and Africa as being mutual. To us, the development of China and the development of Africa are mutually reinforcing. We endeavor to promote African countries’ development with our own development and what we aim for is common prosperity. Africa is the African people’s Africa. We never seek to build a “sphere of influence” in Africa and have no intention to pursue unhealthy competition in Africa with other countries.

We hope to see all countries in the world treating Africa as equals and being a true help, contributing to Africa’s stability and prosperity. Neo-colonialism is never a tag to be put on China. Dear friends, no matter what others say, we will stay committed to the path to common development featuring mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit. We will never follow the old path of western colonialism and imperialism, since we have no such policy or desire, nor is it ever in our tradition or gene to do so. What we cherish is a sincere heart of friendship with our African friends.

The cause of friendship and cooperation between China and Africa conforms to the trend toward a multi-polar world and economic globalization. It serves the fundamental interests of the Chinese and African peoples, who, together, make one third of the world’s population. Development is of overarching importance. We will join hands with our African friends to seize the opportunities, remove the obstructions, and work wholeheartedly for the sustainable development of China-Africa friendship and cooperation at a higher level and to achieve common prosperity in the 21st century.

I believe what underpins further progress in China-Africa cooperation is continued efforts to carry forward the traditional China-Africa friendship and stick to the principles of mutual respect, equality and win-win cooperation. This is the very foundation for the China-Africa relationship to move from strength to strength.

The fundamental way to grow China-Africa cooperation is to expand and deepen win-win cooperation on an equal footing, with a view to realizing the great renaissance and development of Africa and China.

The most urgent task upon us is to improve people’s lives in Africa, enhance African’s ability to develop on its own and meet the Millennium Development Goals.

The most enduring force driving China-Africa cooperation comes from closer people-to-people exchanges. We should learn from each other’s development experience, conduct human resources training and enhance mutual understanding and friendship among our younger generations.

The key principle guiding the further growth of China-Africa cooperation is to keep abreast with the times and work with a pioneering spirit and an innovative mind. We should carry forward useful experience and remedy shortcomings for continuous improvement. We should introduce new practices in line with actual circumstances and needs, and settle problems properly through friendly consultation.

Dear friends, I fell in love with Africa as early as in the 1960s when I was still a young man. The plays about Africa I watched back then are still vivid in my memory, such as the Battle Drum at the Equator, the Wrath of the Coconut Trees and the Storm of Africa. Now that I am back in Africa in the 21st century, wherever I go, I see tremendous efforts made to achieve development and I hear discussions about cooperation. The African people are great people and the African continent is a continent of great promises and prospects. I am full of confidence about the future of Africa and China-Africa relations. I firmly believe that the new type of China-Africa strategic partnership based on our strong traditional friendship and common interests will, like a giant ship, brave the storms and sail toward a better future, a future that benefits the people in China, in Africa and indeed the whole world.

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